Telephone numbers in the Soviet Union
Telephone numbering plan of the USSR refers to a set of telephone area codes, numbers and dialing rules, which operated in the Soviet Union until the 1990s. After the Collapse of the USSR many new independent republics reconstructed their numbering plans. However, many of the principles of the Soviet numbering plan still remains. The international code +7 is retained by Russia and Kazakhstan.
Basic principles
The Soviet Union used a four-level open numbering plan. The long distance prefix was 8.
- One could call a local number without the code. Local numbers usually consisted of 5-7 digits, with seven-digit numbers only occurring in Moscow (since 1968), Leningrad (since 1976) and Kiev (since 1981).
- Within the same numbering area (most often within the state or region) the type was: 8 2X YYYYYY, where 2 replaced the three-digit area code.
- For calls to other areas, one had to first dial long distance prefix 8, then, after the tone - the full code of the numbering area, which consisted of a three-digit code and zone additional digit(X), and then local phone number.
- For example: 8 09624 XXXXX for a call to the city of Klin, Klinsky District, Moscow Oblast.
- For international calls, dial 8 10 <country code> <code> <phone number>.
- For example: 8 10 1 212 XXXXXXX for a call to the city of New York.
Emergency numbers
A payphone with a list of toll-free numbers
Emergency numbers in the USSR begin with 0 and have two digits. When you call the emergency numbers the fee will not be charged.
- 01 - Fire brigade
- 02 - Police
- 03 - Ambulance
- 04 - Gas leaks
07 was used to order long-distance calls through the operator.
Country code separations
Area codes
Basically area codes are distributed geographically, so that neighboring regions usually had close area code numbers.
Area 0
Area codes with 0 denotes the republics and Oblasts of the European part of the USSR. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, these codes in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine were preserved, with minor changes. Area codes in Ukraine and Belarus later dropped initial 0. In Russia, on December 2005 the leading zero in the Oblastal area codes has been replaced by a 4.
- 011 - Kaliningrad Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 012 - Lithuanian SSR
- 013 - Latvian SSR
- 014 - Estonian SSR
- 015 - Grodno Region, Byelorussian SSR
- 016 - Brest Oblast, Byelorussian SSR
- 017 - Minsk Oblast, Byelorussian SSR
- 021 - Vitebsk Oblast, Byelorussian SSR
- 022 - Mogilev Oblast, Byelorussian SSR
- 023 - Gomel Oblast, Byelorussian SSR
- 031 - Transcarpathian Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 032 - Lviv Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 033 - Volyn Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 034 - Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 035 - Ternopil Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 036 - Rivne Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 037 - Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 038 - Khmelnytsky Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 041 - Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 042 - Moldavian SSR
- 043 - Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 044 - Kiev and Kiev Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 046 - Chernigov Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 047 - Cherkasy Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 048 - Odessa Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 051 - Nikolaev Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 052 - Kirovograd Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 053 - Poltava Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 054 - Sumy Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 055 - Kherson Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 056 - Dnepropetrovsk Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 057 - Kharkov Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 061 - Zaporozhye Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 062 - Donetsk Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 064 - Lugansk Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 065 - Crimea Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
- 069 - Sevastopol, Ukrainian SSR
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- 071 - Kursk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 072 - Belgorod Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 073 - Voronezh Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 074 - Lipetsk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 075 - Tambov Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 081 - Smolensk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 082 - Kalinin Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 083 - Bryansk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 084 - Kaluga Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 085 - Yaroslavl Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 086 - Orel Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 087 - Tula Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 091 - Ryazan Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 092 - Vladimir Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 093 - Ivanovo Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 094 - Kostroma Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 095 - Moscow (city), Russian SFSR
- 096 - Moscow Oblast (without the suburbs of Moscow), Russian SFSR
- 097 - Governmental phone network in Moscow region (Iskra / Iskra-2)
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Area 3
- 301 - Buryat ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 302 - Chita Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 310 - Zhezkazgan Oblast, Kazakh SSR (now merged into Karagandy Region)
- 311 - Ural Oblast (now West Kazakhstan), Kazakh SSR
- 312 - Gurievskaya Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 313 - Aktobe Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 314 - Kustanaiska Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 315 - North Kazakhstan, Kazakh SSR
- 316 - Kokchetav Oblast, Kazakh SSR (now split between North Kazakhstan and Akmola)
- 317 - Tselinogradskaya Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 318 - Pavlodar Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 319 - Issyk-Kul Oblast, Kirghiz SSR
- 321 - Karaganda Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 322 - Semipalatinsk Oblast, Kazakh SSR (now merged into East Kazakhstan)
- 323 - East Kazakhstan Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 324 - Kyzyl-Orda Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 325 - Shymkent Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 326 - Dzhambulskaya Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 327 - Alma-Ata Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 328 - Taldykorgan Oblast, Kazakh SSR (now merged into Almaty Region)
- 329 - Mangistau Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 330 - Turgay Oblast, Kazakh SSR (now split between Kostanay and Akmola)
- 331 - Chuy Oblast, Kirghiz SSR
- 332 - Osh Oblast, Kirghiz SSR
- 334 - Talas Region, Kirghiz SSR
- 335 - Naryn Region, Kirghiz SSR
- 336 22 - Baikonur, Kyzyl-Orda Oblast, Kazakh SSR
- 341 - Udmurt ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 342 - Perm Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 343 - Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 345 - Tyumen Oblast, Russian SFSR
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- 347 - Bashkir ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 351 - Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 352 - Kurgan Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 353 - Orenburg Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 360 - Tashauz Oblast, Turkmen SSR
- 361 - Karakalpakstan ASSR, Uzbek SSR
- 362 - Khorezm Oblast, Uzbek SSR
- 363 - Ashgabat Oblast, Turkmen SSR
- 365 - Bukhara Oblast, Uzbek SSR
- 366 - Samarkand Oblast, Uzbek SSR
- 367 - Syrdarya Oblast, Uzbek SSR
- 369 - Namangan Oblast, Uzbek SSR
- 370 - Mary Oblast, Turkmen SSR
- 371 - Tashkent Oblast, Uzbek SSR
- 372 - Djizzak, Uzbek SSR
- 373 - Ferghana Oblast, Uzbek SSR
- 374 - Andijan, Uzbek SSR
- 375 - Kashkadarya, Uzbek SSR
- 376 - Surkhandarya, Uzbek SSR
- 377 - Districts of Republican Subordination, Kulob Oblast, Kurgan Oblast and Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajik SSR
- 378 - Charjev Oblast, Turkmen SSR
- 379 - Sughd, Tajik SSR
- 381 - Omsk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 382 - Tomsk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 383 - Novosibirsk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 384 - Kemerovo Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 385 - Altai Krai, Russian SFSR
- 391 - Krasnoyarsk Territory, Russian SFSR
- 394 - Tuvan ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 395 - Irkutsk Oblast, Russian SFSR
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Area 4
- 411 - Yakut ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 413 - Magadan, Russian SFSR
- 415 - Kamchatka, Russian SFSR
- 416 - Amur Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 421 - Khabarovsk Krai, Outer Manchuria, Russian SFSR
- 423 - Primorsky Krai, Outer Manchuria, Russian SFSR
- 424 - Sakhalin Oblast, Outer Manchuria, Russian SFSR
- 432 - Krasnovodskaya Oblast, Turkmen SSR
- 436 - Navoiy Region, Uzbek SSR
Area 8
- 811 - Pskov Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 812 - Saint Petersburg, Russian SFSR
- 813 - Leningrad Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 814 - Karelian ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 815 - Murmansk, Russian SFSR
- 816 - Novgorod Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 817 - Vologda Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 818 - Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 821 - Komi ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 831 - Gorky Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 833 - Kirov Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 834 - Mordovia ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 835 - Chuvash ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 836 - Mari ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 841 - Penza Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 842 - Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 843 - Tatar ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 844 - Volgograd Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 845 - Saratov Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 846 - Kuibyshev Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 847 - Kalmyk ASSR, Russian SFSR
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- 851 - Astrakhan Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 861 - Krasnodar, Russian SFSR
- 862 2 - Sochi, Russian SFSR
- 863 - Rostov_Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 865 - Stavropol Oblast, Russian SFSR
- 866 - Kabardino-Balkar ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 867 - North Ossetian ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 871 - Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR
- 872 - Dagestan ASSR, Russian SFSR
- 882 - Adjara ASSR, Georgian SSR
- 883 - Other parts of Georgian SSR and South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast
- 885 - Armenian SSR
- 892 - Azerbaijan SSR (East)
- 895 - Azerbaijan SSR (West)
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Sources
- http://code.agava.ru/sngsity/sng01.htm
- http://phonecodes.by.ru/01.html
- http://www.scross.ru/guide/phone-local/