-oic acid

The suffix -oic acid is the IUPAC nomenclature used in organic chemistry to form names of carboxylic acids containing the acidic -(C)OOH group.^[1] It was extracted from the name of benzoic acid, which was named after benzoin resin, whose name probably came via Italian from Arabic lubān jāwī لُبَان جَاوِىّ = "frankincense from Java", because benzoin resin was brought from Indonesia.

References

↑
- International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (1993). Panico R; Powell WH; Richer JC, eds. A guide to IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds: recommendations 1993. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications. ISBN 0-632-03702-4.

Organic chemistry affixes

Carbon-based	-ane (alkane) -ene (alkene) -ine (unsaturated hydrocarbon) -yne (alkyne) alk- (saturated hydrocarbon) ar- (aromatic)

Oxygen-based	-al (aldehyde) -oate (ester) -oic acid (carboxylic acid) -ol (alcohol) -one (ketone) -ose (sugar)

Nitrogen-based	-ine (alkaloid) aza- (N replaces C)

Sulfur-based	thio- (S replaces O)

Counting axial atoms	meth- (1) eth- (2) prop- (3) but- (4) (and the rest are ordinary Greek/Latin numbers)

Other	-ase (enzyme) -yl (radical)

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