1,2,4-Butanetriol

1,2,4-Butanetriol
1,2,4,-Butanetriol molecule
Names
IUPAC name
Butane-1,2,4-triol
Other names
1,2,4-Butanetriol
1,2,4-Trihydroxybutane
Triol 124
2-Deoxyerthritol
Identifiers
3068-00-6 N
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
Interactive image
ChemSpider 17287 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.019.385
EC Number 221-323-5
RTECS number EK7176000
Properties
C4H10O3
Molar mass 106.12 g·mol−1
Density 1.19
Boiling point 190 to 191 °C (374 to 376 °F; 463 to 464 K) 18 torr
Hazards
R-phrases R36
S-phrases S24/25
NFPA 704
Flammability code 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g., canola oil Health code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g., chloroform Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
1
2
0
Flash point 112 °C (234 °F; 385 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

1,2,4-Butanetriol is a clear or slightly yellow, odorless, hygroscopic, flammable, viscous liquid. It is an alcohol with three hydrophilic alcoholic hydroxyl groups. It is similar to glycerol and erythritol. It is chiral, with two possible enantiomers.

1,2,4-Butanetriol is used in the manufacture of butanetriol trinitrate (BTTN), an important military propellant.

1,2,4-Butanetriol is also used as a precursor for two cholesterol-lowering drugs, Crestor and Zetia, which are derived from D-3,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid, by using 3-hydroxy-gamma-butyrolactone as a chiral synthon Niu, W (2003). "Microbial synthesis of the energetic material precursor 1,2,4-butanetriol". Am. Chem. Soc. 125 (43): 12998–12999. doi:10.1021/ja036391+.  "Biosynthetic Pathways". Retrieved 24 November 2010. . It is as one of the monomers for manufacture of some polyesters and as a solvent.

1,2,4-Butanetriol can be prepared synthetically by several different methods such as hydroformylation of glycidol and subsequent reduction of the product, sodium borohydride reduction of esterified malic acid, or catalytic hydrogenation of malic acid.[1] However, of an increasing importance is the biotechnological synthesis using genetically engineered Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fragi bacteria.[2]

References

  1. ↑ Chemical & Engineering News, May 31, 2004, Volume 82, Number 22, pp. 31-34, "Biomass or Bust" Web version
  2. ↑ The State News, Feb. 12, 2004, "Propelling Research" by Meghan Gilbert. = 22196 Web version
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