1814 in science

List of years in science (table)
... 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 ... 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 ... 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 ...
Art Archaeology Architecture Literature Music Philosophy Science +...

The year 1814 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Chemistry

• J. Jacob Berzelius publishes Försök att genom användandet af den electrokemiska theorien och de kemiska proportionerna grundlägga ett rent vettenskapligt system för mineralogien ("An attempt to establish a pure scientific system of mineralogy, by the application of the electro-chemical theory and the chemical proportions").

Mathematics

• Peter Barlow publishes New Mathematical Tables and A New Mathematical and Philosophical Dictionary. 'Barlow's Tables' continue to be reprinted for 150 years.^[1][2][3]

Medicine

• April – Abraham Colles publishes "On the Fracture of the Carpal Extremity of the Radius" in the Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal, describing the injury which continues to be known as Colles' fracture.^[4]
• October 23 – Joseph Carpue performs plastic surgery on the nose.^[5][6]

Technology

• July 25 – George Stephenson puts his first steam locomotive in service, the Blücher for Killingworth Colliery on Tyneside in England.
• Late – Completion of the Boston Manufacturing Company's integrated cotton weaving mill on the Charles River at Waltham, Massachusetts, engineered by Paul Moody for Francis Cabot Lowell and the 'The Boston Associates', and inaugurating the Waltham-Lowell system of manufacturing.^[7]
• "The world's first complex machine mass-produced from interchangeable parts", Eli Terry's wooden pillar-and-scroll clock, comes off the production line in Plymouth, Connecticut.^[8]
• Heinrich Stölzel invents a form of piston valve for brass instruments.
• Dietrich Nikolaus Winkel invents a form of metronome in Amsterdam.^[9]

Awards

• Copley Medal: James Ivory.

Births

• February 28 – Edmond Frémy, French chemist (died 1894).
• April 20 – Filippo de Filippi, Italian zoologist (died 1867).
• May 19 – Henry William Ravenel, American botanist (died 1887).
• May 26
  • Wilhelm Engerth, Austrian architect and engineer (died 1884).
  • Heinrich Geißler, German scientific instrument maker (died 1879).
• July 19 – Samuel Colt, American gunmaker (died 1862).
• September 3 – James Joseph Sylvester, English mathematician (died 1897).
• November 6 – Adolphe Sax, Belgian musical instrument maker and inventor (died 1894).
• December 13 – Ana Néri, Brazilian nurse (died 1880).

Deaths

• July 19 – Captain Matthew Flinders, English explorer of the coasts of Australia (born 1774)
• August 21 – Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, Anglo-American physicist (born 1753).
• November 18 – William Jessop, English civil engineer (born 1745).
• December 9 – Joseph Bramah, English inventor (born 1748).

References

1. Day, Lance; McNeil, Ian, eds. (1996). Biographical Dictionary of the History of Technology. London: Routledge. p. 42. ISBN 0-415-06042-7.
2. "Peter Barlow". Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
3. "Peter Barlow". University of St Andrews. 2000. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
4. Boylan, Henry (1998). A Dictionary of Irish Biography (3rd ed.). Dublin: Gill & Macmillan. p. 73. ISBN 0-7171-2945-4.
5. Carpue, J. C. "Account of Two Successful Operations for Restoring a Lost Nose from the Integument of the Forehead". 1816.
6. Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
7. Burke, James (1978). Connections. London: Macmillan. pp. 148–9. ISBN 0-333-24827-9.
8. Muir, Diana. "Chapter 10". Reflections in Bullough's Pond: Economy and Ecosystem in New England. Lebanon, New Hampshire: University Press of New England. ISBN 978-0-87451-909-9.
9. Willems, J. de Vos (1830). "The Metronome". The Harmonicon. 8. Retrieved 2011-05-18.