1855 in literature

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This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in 1855.

Events

• January – Samuel Orchart Beeton's weekly The Boys' Own Magazine ("an illustrated journal of fact, fiction, history and adventure") begins publication in London.
• January 5 – Anthony Trollope's novel The Warden, the first of his Chronicles of Barsetshire, is published in London by Longman while he begins writing Barchester Towers.
• June 29 – The Daily Telegraph newspaper begins publication in London.
• July 4 – In Brooklyn, New York, Walt Whitman's first edition of his book of poems titled Leaves of Grass is published.
• September 27 – Alfred Tennyson reads from his new book Maud and other poems at a social gathering in the home of Robert and Elizabeth Browning in London; Dante Gabriel Rossetti makes a sketch of him doing so.^[1]
• October – Victor Hugo moves to Hauteville House in Saint Peter Port on Guernsey in the Channel Islands.
• December
  • Charles Dickens publishes the first instalment of Little Dorrit (continuing into 1857).
  • Thomas Babington Macaulay's best-selling History of England in four volumes is completed.^[2]
• Alexander Afanasyev begins publication of his collection of Russian Fairy Tales (Народные Русские Сказки, Narodnye russkie skazki).
• John Camden Hotten opens a bookselling business in London, origin of the publisher Chatto & Windus.^[3]
• This is a notable year in Luxembourg literature: the first Luxembourg novel in French, Marc Bruno, profil d'artiste, is published shortly after the death of its author, Félix Thyes (born 1830); and the comedy De Scholtschäin, by Edmond de la Fontaine writing as Dicks, becomes the first play to be performed in the Luxembourgish language.

New books

Fiction

• Gustav Freytag – Debit and Credit (Soll und Haben)
• Elizabeth Gaskell – North and South
• Mary Virginia Hawes – The Hidden Path
• Caroline Lee Hentz – Robert Graham
• Paul Heyse – "L'Arrabbiata" ("The Fury", short story)
• Washington Irving – Wolfert's Roost
• Gottfried Keller – Green Henry (Der grüne Heinrich)
• Charles Kingsley – Westward Ho!
• Herman Melville
  • Israel Potter
  • The Paradise of Bachelors and the Tartarus of Maids
• Gérard de Nerval – Aurelia
• Giovanni Ruffini – Doctor Antonio
• Ann Sophia Stephens – The Old Homestead
• William Makepeace Thackeray – The Newcomes
• Félix Thyes – Marc Bruno, profil d'artiste
• Anthony Trollope – The Warden

Children

• Božena Němcová – The Grandma

Drama

• Émile Augier – Le Mariage d'Olympe
• Dicks
  • De Scholtschäin
  • D'Mumm Sèiss
• Léon Gozlan – Le Gâteau des reines
• Henrik Ibsen – The Feast at Solhaug
• Andreas Munch – En Aften paa Giske^[4]
• Watts Phillips – Joseph Chavigny
• Ivan Turgenev – A Month in the Country

Poetry

• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow – The Song of Hiawatha
• Walt Whitman – Leaves of Grass

Non-fiction

• David Brewster – Memoirs of the Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton
• John Brown – Slave Life in Georgia
• Robert Hare – Experimental Investigation of Spirit Manifestations: Demonstrating the Existence of Spirits and Their Communication with Mortals
• Washington Irving – The Life of George Washington, Volumes 1 and 2
• George Sand – Histoire de ma vie ("The Story of My Life")
• Leo Tolstoy – Sevastopol Sketches (Севастопольские рассказы, Sevastopolskiye rasskazy)
• Alfred Russel Wallace – On the Law Which has Regulated the Introduction of Species

Births

• April 4 – Manonmaniam Sundaram Pillai, Indian dramatist (died 1897)
• April 27 – Margaret Wolfe Hungerford, Irish novelist (died 1897)
• May 1 – Marie Corelli (Mary Mackay), English novelist (died 1924)
• May 21 – Emile Verhaeren, Belgian Symbolist poet writing in French (died 1916)
• May 24 – Sir Arthur Wing Pinero, English dramatist (died 1934)
• July 7 – Ludwig Ganghofer, German novelist (died 1920)
• July 19 – Alexander Ertel, Russian novelist and short story writer (died 1908)
• August 7 – Stanley J. Weyman, English novelist (died 1928)
• September 12 – William Sharp, Scottish poet and biographer (died 1905)
• September 22 – Alice Zimmern, English writer, translator and suffragist (died 1939)
• October 30 – Pyotr Gnedich, Russian writer and poet (died 1925)
• November 4 – William Ritchie Sorley, Scottish philosopher (died 1935))
• December 15 – Maurice Bouchor, French poet and sculptor (died 1929)
• December 28 – Juan Zorrilla de San Martín, Uruguayan poet (died 1931)
• Unknown date – Solomon Cleaver, Canadian story teller, novelist and pastor (died 1939)

Deaths

• January 3 – János Majláth, Hungarian poet and historian (born 1786)
• January 10 – Mary Russell Mitford, English dramatist and novelist (born 1787)
• January 25 – Dorothy Wordsworth, English poet and diarist (born 1771)
• January 26 – Gérard de Nerval (Gérard Labrunie), French poet and essayist (suicide, born 1808)^[5]
• February 4 – Gottfried Christian Friedrich Lücke, German theologian (born 1791)
• March 31 – Charlotte Brontë, English novelist and poet (born 1816)
• June 29 – Delphine de Girardin, French poet and novelist (born 1804)
• July 12 – Karl Spindler, German novelist, (born 1796)
• September 4 – Emma Tatham, English poet (born 1829)
• September 27 – John Adamson, English antiquary and scholar of Portuguese (born 1787)
• November 11 – Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (born 1813)
• November 19 – Mihály Vörösmarty, Hungarian poet and dramatist (born 1800)
• November 26 – Adam Mickiewicz, Poland's national poet (cholera, born 1798)
• December 3 – Robert Montgomery, English poet (born 1807)
• Unknown date
  • Sunthorn Phu, Thai poet (born 1786)

Awards

References

1. "Tennyson Reading 'Maud'". Pre-Raphaelite Online Resource. Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery. Retrieved 2013-05-09.
2. Thomas, William (2004). "Macaulay, Thomas Babington, Baron Macaulay (1800–1859)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/17349. Retrieved 2014-06-05. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
3. Eliot, Simon (2004). "Hotten, John Camden (1832–1873)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13859. Retrieved 2013-11-06.
4. Hauge, Ingard (1975). "Poetisk realisme og nasjonalromantikk". In Beyer, Edvard. Norges Litteraturhistorie (in Norwegian). 2. Oslo: Cappelen. pp. 318–325.
5. Sieburth, Richard (1999). Gerard de Nerval: Selected Writings. London: Penguin. p. xxxi.