1984 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior men's race

Senior men's race at the 1984 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
Organisers	IAAF
Edition	12th
Date	March 25
Host city	East Rutherford, New Jersey, United States
Location	Meadowlands Racetrack
Nations participating	37
Athletes participating	240
Races	1
Distances	12.086 km – Senior men
← 1983 Gateshead 1985 Lisbon →

The Senior men's race at the 1984 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in East Rutherford, New Jersey, United States, at the Meadowlands Racetrack on March 25, 1984. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.^[1]

Complete results,^[2] medallists, ^[3] and the results of British athletes^[4] were published.

Race results

Senior men's race (12.086 km)

Individual

Rank	Athlete	Country	Time
01 !	Carlos Lopes	Portugal	33:25
02 !	Tim Hutchings	England	33:30
03 !	Steve Jones	Wales	33:32
4	Pat Porter	United States	33:34
5	Wilson Waigwa	Kenya	33:41
6	Ed Eyestone	United States	33:46
7	Pierre Levisse	France	33:51
8	Bekele Debele	Ethiopia	33:52
9	Adugna Lema	Ethiopia	33:52
10	Francesco Panetta	Italy	33:54
11	Alberto Cova	Italy	33:58
12	Christoph Herle	West Germany	34:01
13	John Treacy	Ireland	34:01
14	Niels Kim Hjorth	Denmark	34:03
15	Martti Vainio	Finland	34:04
16	Mohammed Kedir	Ethiopia	34:06
17	Craig Virgin	United States	34:07
18	Stijn Jaspers	Netherlands	34:07
19	Paul Kipkoech	Kenya	34:07
20	Rex Wilson	New Zealand	34:07
21	Rob de Castella	Australia	34:08
22	Luis Adsuara	Spain	34:08
23	Fernando Mamede	Portugal	34:09
24	Dereje Nedi	Ethiopia	34:09
25	Antonio Leitão	Portugal	34:12
26	João Campos	Portugal	34:13
27	Jorge García	Spain	34:13
28	John Easker	United States	34:15
29	Eduardo Castro	Mexico	34:17
30	Julian Goater	England	34:19
31	Eshetu Tura	Ethiopia	34:19
32	Constantino Esparcia	Spain	34:20
33	John Bowden	New Zealand	34:21
34	Kevin Forster	England	34:23
35	John Woods	Ireland	34:24
36	Dominique Chauvelier	France	34:25
37	Gerardo Alcala	Mexico	34:25
38	David Burridge	New Zealand	34:26
39	Joshua Kipkemboi	Kenya	34:27
40	Klaas Lok	Netherlands	34:28
41	Jeff Drenth	United States	34:29
42	Paul McCloy	Canada	34:29
43	Zhang Guowei	China	34:32
44	Shane Marshall	New Zealand	34:33
45	Hans-Jürgen Orthmann	West Germany	34:34
46	Wodajo Bulti	Ethiopia	34:35
47	Shozo Shimoju	Japan	34:36
48	Alain Bordeleau	Canada	34:37
49	Peter Tootell	England	34:38
50	Vicente Polo	Spain	34:38
51	Philippe Legrand	France	34:39
52	Some Muge	Kenya	34:39
53	Frank Zimmermann	West Germany	34:40
54	Stefano Mei	Italy	34:40
55	Franco Boffi	Italy	34:40
56	Michael Scheytt	West Germany	34:41
57	Omwanda Mirande	Kenya	34:41
58	Santiago Llorente	Spain	34:41
59	Theo van den Abeele	Belgium	34:42
60	Giuseppe Pambianchi	Italy	34:42
61	Peter Kianga	Kenya	34:42
62	Karel Lismont	Belgium	34:43
63	Joseph Kiptum	Kenya	34:43
64	Ezequiel Canario	Portugal	34:44
65	Mark Stickley	United States	34:45
66	John O'Toole	Ireland	34:46
67	Richard O'Flynn	Ireland	34:47
68	Salvatore Antibo	Italy	34:48
69	Andy Holden	England	34:50
70	Tom Birnie	New Zealand	34:51
71	Dallas McCallum	New Zealand	34:52
72	Andrew Masai	Kenya	34:52
73	Jef Gees	Belgium	34:53
74	Jan Hagelbrand	Sweden	34:54
75	Shuichi Yoneshige	Japan	34:55
76	Lars-Erik Nilsson	Sweden	34:55
77	Jean-Louis Prianon	France	34:56
78	Henrik Sandström	Finland	34:56
79	Werner Mory	Belgium	34:57
80	Ranieri Carenza	Italy	34:57
81	Antonio Prieto	Spain	34:58
82	Marco Gozzano	Italy	34:59
83	Jesús Herrera	Mexico	34:59
84	Joaquim Pinheiro	Portugal	35:00
85	Richard Partridge	England	35:01
86	Jairo Correa	Colombia	35:01
87	Geoff Turnbull	England	35:02
88	Cándido Alario	Spain	35:02
89	Mats Erixon	Sweden	35:03
90	Alex Gonzalez	France	35:04
91	Ghilsmain Fourrier	Belgium	35:05
92	John Idstrom	United States	35:08
93	Valentin Rodríguez	Spain	35:10
94	Daniel Dillon	United States	35:10
95	Jean-Pierre Paumen	Belgium	35:11
96	Feyissa Abebe	Ethiopia	35:12
97	Hailu Wolde Tsadik	Ethiopia	35:12
98	Tonnie Dirks	Netherlands	35:12
99	Toshihiro Shibutani	Japan	35:13
100	Keld Johnsen	Denmark	35:13
101	Tommy Persson	Sweden	35:14
102	Robert Costelloe	Ireland	35:15
103	Paul Ballinger	New Zealand	35:15
104	Jos Maes	Belgium	35:15
105	Tony O'Leary	Ireland	35:16
106	Joaquin Leano	Colombia	35:17
107	Ron Becht	Canada	35:17
108	Kenneth Davies	Wales	35:19
109	Hans Koeleman	Netherlands	35:19
110	Jacques Boxberger	France	35:20
111	Raymond van Paemel	Belgium	35:21
112	Lawrie Spence	Scotland	35:22
113	Steve Binns	England	35:23
114	Konrad Dobler	West Germany	35:24
115	Domingo Tibaduiza	Colombia	35:25
116	Pär Wallin	Sweden	35:27
117	Didier Bernard	France	35:29
118	Deon McNeilly	Northern Ireland	35:30
119	Andrew Evans	Wales	35:30
120	José Manuel Albentosa	Spain	35:31
121	Kurt Huerst	Switzerland	35:31
122	Robert Schneider	West Germany	35:31
123	Hillary Tuwei	Kenya	35:31
124	Fernando Couto	Portugal	35:33
125	Robert Cook	Canada	35:34
126	Nigel Adams	Wales	35:37
127	Gábor Szabó	Hungary	35:38
128	Bernd Rangen	West Germany	35:39
129	Jari Nurmisto	Finland	35:39
130	Marti ten Kate	Netherlands	35:40
131	Ross Copestake	Scotland	35:42
132	Tony Blakewell	Wales	35:43
133	Roland Hertner	Switzerland	35:43
134	Marc Borghans	Netherlands	35:43
135	Lars Ericsson	Sweden	35:44
136	Beat Steffen	Switzerland	35:44
137	Lars Bo Sørensen	Denmark	35:45
138	Hans Segerfeldt	Sweden	35:45
139	Pascal Debacker	France	35:47
140	Marius Hasler	Switzerland	35:48
141	Roy Dooney	Ireland	35:48
142	Martin Schmid	Switzerland	35:49
143	Edward Stewart	Scotland	35:49
144	Troy Billings	United States	35:51
145	Derek Froude	New Zealand	35:51
146	Terence Mitchell	Scotland	35:53
147	Sabag Shemtov	Israel	35:55
148	Terry Greene	Northern Ireland	35:57
149	Fraser Clyne	Scotland	35:58
150	Thierry Watrice	France	35:59
151	Steve Martin	Northern Ireland	36:00
152	Roger de Vogel	Belgium	36:01
153	Roberto Silva	Mexico	36:02
154	Wu Zhihan	China	36:02
155	Adrian Shorter	Canada	36:02
156	Cui Yulin	China	36:03
157	Henrik Albahn	Denmark	36:05
158	Eddie Herridge	England	36:06
159	Ralph Petersen	Denmark	36:07
160	Cong Ming	China	36:09
161	Dan Glans	Sweden	36:09
162	Kingston Mills	Ireland	36:11
163	Megersa Tulu	Ethiopia	36:12
164	Per Hoffmann	Denmark	36:14
165	Raul Ceja	Mexico	36:15
166	Cor Lambregts	Netherlands	36:17
167	Chris Buckley	Wales	36:18
168	Alex Gilmour	Scotland	36:20
169	Tony Simmons	Wales	36:22
170	James Egan	Scotland	36:26
171	Ieuan Ellis	Wales	36:29
172	Nestor Moreno	Puerto Rico	36:30
173	Christian Wolfsberg	Denmark	36:31
174	Fu Bangrong	China	36:31
175	Charles Haskett	Scotland	36:33
176	Cameron Spence	Northern Ireland	36:35
177	Masahito Ueda	Japan	36:36
178	Hugo Rey	Switzerland	36:42
179	Samuel Doherty	Northern Ireland	36:45
180	Randy Cox	Canada	36:50
181	Ilpo Jousimaa	Finland	36:51
182	Rheal Desjardins	Canada	36:53
183	Yang Lin	China	36:54
184	Mohamed Bekheet	Palestine	36:57
185	Sadot Méndez	Puerto Rico	36:58
186	Eddie Oxlade	Northern Ireland	37:00
187	Roberto Ramos	Puerto Rico	37:02
188	Derrick Adamson	Jamaica	37:06
189	Martin Grüning	West Germany	37:09
190	Jón Didriksson	Iceland	37:12
191	Ildelgard Vargas	Venezuela	37:14
192	Gábor Markó	Hungary	37:17
193	Alun Roper	Wales	37:18
194	Michael Feurtado	Jamaica	37:19
195	Joseph Cross	Jamaica	37:23
196	Takuya Hashiba	Japan	37:25
197	Israel Díaz	Puerto Rico	37:27
198	Sigurdur Sigmundsson	Iceland	37:31
199	Fernando Miguel	Portugal	37:35
200	Ahmad Al-Hajry	Kuwait	37:35
201	John Arnold	Hong Kong	37:38
202	Cesar Sabagol	Colombia	37:39
203	Placido Martin	Colombia	37:41
204	Paul Stapleton	Hong Kong	37:44
205	João Silva	Portugal	37:45
206	Alvaro Palacios	Colombia	37:46
207	Pablo Rodríguez	Puerto Rico	37:55
208	Cebert Cooper	Jamaica	38:02
209	Luis Almonte	Dominican Republic	38:02
210	Tim Soutar	Hong Kong	38:11
211	Saleh Haji Ali	Kuwait	38:12
212	Jens Hansen	Denmark	38:16
213	Jukka Viitasaari	Finland	38:22
214	Francisco Medina	Mexico	38:24
215	Agust Thorsteinsson	Iceland	38:26
216	Fredeberto Sanchez	Mexico	38:26
217	Jorge Alvarado	Puerto Rico	38:49
218	Jean Fasnacht	Hong Kong	38:50
219	Adiat Salah	Kuwait	39:09
220	Ahmad Helal	Kuwait	39:09
221	M.Ibrahim Haji	Kuwait	39:11
222	Sighvatur Gudmundsson	Iceland	39:17
223	Hugh Dunkley	Jamaica	39:28
224	Harfteinn Oskarsson	Iceland	39:33
225	Keith Laing	Jamaica	39:35
226	Jukka Tammisuo	Finland	40:20
227	Marlon Williams	U.S. Virgin Islands	40:24
228	Gladstone Jones	Jamaica	40:29
229	Wallace Williams	U.S. Virgin Islands	40:38
230	Greg Johnson	U.S. Virgin Islands	40:41
231	Herman Crookes	Jamaica	41:12
232	Gunnar Birgisson	Iceland	41:15
233	Wong Kim Kueng	Hong Kong	41:18
234	Wong Ip Chor	Hong Kong	41:22
235	Hing Shih Wah	Hong Kong	41:25
236	Bill Chan	Hong Kong	41:25
237	Rafael Hernandez	Dominican Republic	41:26
238	Jeffrey Chung	Hong Kong	41:39
—	Gelindo Bordin	Italy	DNF
—	George Braidwood	Scotland	DNF

Teams

Rank

Team

Points

Ethiopia

Bekele Debele	8
Adugna Lema	9
Mohammed Kedir	16
Dereje Nedi	24
Eshetu Tura	31
Wodajo Bulti	46
(Feyissa Abebe)	(96)
(Hailu Wolde Tsadik)	(97)
(Megersa Tulu)	(163)

134

United States

Pat Porter	4
Ed Eyestone	6
Craig Virgin	17
John Easker	28
Jeff Drenth	41
Mark Stickley	65
(John Idstrom)	(92)
(Daniel Dillon)	(94)
(Troy Billings)	(144)

161

Portugal

Carlos Lopes	1
Fernando Mamede	23
Antonio Leitão	25
João Campos	26
Ezequiel Canario	64
Joaquim Pinheiro	84
(Fernando Couto)	(124)
(Fernando Miguel)	(199)
(João Silva)	(205)

223

Kenya

Wilson Waigwa	5
Paul Kipkoech	19
Joshua Kipkemboi	39
Some Muge	52
Omwanda Mirande	57
Peter Kianga	61
(Joseph Kiptum)	(63)
(Andrew Masai)	(72)
(Hillary Tuwei)	(123)

233

Italy

Francesco Panetta	10
Alberto Cova	11
Stefano Mei	54
Franco Boffi	55
Giuseppe Pambianchi	60
Salvatore Antibo	68
(Ranieri Carenza)	(80)
(Marco Gozzano)	(82)
(Gelindo Bordin)	(DNF)

258

England

Tim Hutchings	2
Julian Goater	30
Kevin Forster	34
Peter Tootell	49
Andy Holden	69
Richard Partridge	85
(Geoff Turnbull)	(87)
(Steve Binns)	(113)
(Eddie Herridge)	(158)

269

Spain

Luis Adsuara	22
Jorge García	27
Constantino Esparcia	32
Vicente Polo	50
Santiago Llorente	58
Antonio Prieto	81
(Cándido Alario)	(88)
(Valentin Rodríguez)	(93)
(José Manuel Albentosa)	(120)

270

New Zealand

Rex Wilson	20
John Bowden	33
David Burridge	38
Shane Marshall	44
Tom Birnie	70
Dallas McCallum	71
(Paul Ballinger)	(103)
(Derek Froude)	(145)

276

France

Pierre Levisse	7
Dominique Chauvelier	36
Philippe Legrand	51
Jean-Louis Prianon	77
Alex Gonzalez	90
Jacques Boxberger	110
(Didier Bernard)	(117)
(Pascal Debacker)	(139)
(Thierry Watrice)	(150)

371

Ireland

John Treacy	13
John Woods	35
John O'Toole	66
Richard O'Flynn	67
Robert Costelloe	102
Tony O'Leary	105
(Roy Dooney)	(141)
(Kingston Mills)	(162)

388

West Germany

Christoph Herle	12
Hans-Jürgen Orthmann	45
Frank Zimmermann	53
Michael Scheytt	56
Konrad Dobler	114
Robert Schneider	122
(Bernd Rangen)	(128)
(Martin Grüning)	(189)

402

Belgium

Theo van den Abeele	59
Karel Lismont	62
Jef Gees	73
Werner Mory	79
Ghilsmain Fourrier	91
Jean-Pierre Paumen	95
(Jos Maes)	(104)
(Raymond van Paemel)	(111)
(Roger de Vogel)	(152)

459

Netherlands

Stijn Jaspers	18
Klaas Lok	40
Tonnie Dirks	98
Hans Koeleman	109
Martin ten Kate	130
Marc Borghans	134
(Cor Lambregts)	(166)

529

Sweden

Jan Hagelbrand	74
Lars-Erik Nilsson	76
Mats Erixon	89
Tommy Persson	101
Pär Wallin	116
Lars Ericsson	135
(Hans Segerfeldt)	(138)
(Dan Glans)	(161)

591

Wales

Steve Jones	3
Kenneth Davies	108
Andrew Evans	119
Nigel Adams	126
Tony Blakewell	132
Chris Buckley	167
(Tony Simmons)	(169)
(Ieuan Ellis)	(171)
(Alun Roper)	(193)

655

Canada

Paul McCloy	42
Alain Bordeleau	48
Ron Becht	107
Robert Cook	125
Adrian Shorter	155
Randy Cox	180
(Rheal Desjardins)	(182)

657

Mexico

Eduardo Castro	29
Gerardo Alcala	37
Jesús Herrera	83
Roberto Silva	153
Raul Ceja	165
Francisco Medina	214
(Fredeberto Sanchez)	(216)

681

Denmark

Niels Kim Hjorth	14
Keld Johnsen	100
Lars Bo Sørensen	137
Henrik Albahn	157
Ralph Petersen	159
Per Hoffmann	164
(Christian Wolfsberg)	(173)
(Jens Hansen)	(212)

731

Finland

Martti Vainio	15
Henrik Sandström	78
Jari Nurmisto	129
Ilpo Jousimaa	181
Jukka Viitasaari	213
Jukka Tammisuo	226

842

Scotland

Lawrie Spence	112
Ross Copestake	131
Edward Stewart	143
Terence Mitchell	146
Fraser Clyne	149
Alex Gilmour	168
(James Egan)	(170)
(Charles Haskett)	(175)
(George Braidwood)	(DNF)

849

Switzerland

Kurt Huerst	121
Roland Hertner	133
Beat Steffen	136
Marius Hasler	140
Martin Schmid	142
Hugo Rey	178

850

China

Zhang Guowei	43
Wu Zhihan	154
Cui Yulin	156
Cong Ming	160
Fu Bangrong	174
Yang Lin	183

870

Colombia

Jairo Correa	86
Joaquin Leano	106
Domingo Tibaduiza	115
Cesar Sabagol	202
Placido Martin	203
Alvaro Palacios	206

918

Northern Ireland

Deon McNeilly	118
Terry Greene	148
Steve Martin	151
Cameron Spence	176
Samuel Doherty	179
Eddie Oxlade	186

958

Puerto Rico

Nestor Moreno	172
Sadot Méndez	185
Roberto Ramos	187
Israel Díaz	197
Pablo Rodríguez	207
Jorge Alvarado	217

1165

Jamaica

Derrick Adamson	188
Michael Feurtado	194
Joseph Cross	195
Cebert Cooper	208
Hugh Dunkley	223
Keith Laing	225
(Gladstone Jones)	(228)
(Herman Crookes)	(231)

1233

Iceland

Jón Didriksson	190
Sigurdur Sigmundsson	198
Agust Thorsteinsson	215
Sighvatur Gudmundsson	222
Harfteinn Oskarsson	224
Gunnar Birgisson	232

1281

Hong Kong

John Arnold	201
Paul Stapleton	204
Tim Soutar	210
Jean Fasnacht	218
Wong Kim Kueng	233
Wong Ip Chor	234
(Hing Shih Wah)	(235)
(Bill Chan)	(236)
(Jeffrey Chung)	(238)

1300

Note: Athletes in parentheses did not score for the team result

Participation

An unofficial count yields the participation of 240 athletes from 37 countries in the Senior men's race. This is in agreement with the official numbers as published.^[4]

Australia (1)
Belgium (9)
Canada (7)
China (6)
Colombia (6)
Denmark (8)
Dominican Republic (2)
England (9)
Ethiopia (9)
Finland (6)
France (9)
Hong Kong (9)
Hungary (2)

Iceland (6)
Ireland (8)
Israel (1)
Italy (9)
Jamaica (8)
Japan (5)
Kenya (9)
Kuwait (5)
Mexico (7)
Netherlands (7)
New Zealand (8)
Northern Ireland (6)

References

↑ Athletics - Carlos Lopes of Portugal won the world cross-country title over seven-and-a-half miles of Meadowlands Racecourse in New York yesterday in a time of 33 minutes 25 seconds, but Scotland's best medal hope Shettleston Harrier Nat Muir, was forced to watch the race on television, confined to bed with a bronchial virus and a temperature of 103..., Glasgow Herald, March 26, 1984, p. 15, retrieved October 21, 2013
↑ Magnusson, Tomas (September 8, 2007), IAAF World Cross Country Championships - 11.8km CC Men -, Athchamps (archived), retrieved October 21, 2013
↑ IAAF WORLD CROSS COUNTRY CHAMPIONSHIPS, Athletics Weekly, retrieved October 9, 2013
1 2 36th IAAF WORLD CROSS COUNTRY CHAMPIONSHIPS - EDINBURGH 2008 - FACTS & FIGURES - GREAT BRITAIN & NORTHERN IRELAND AT THE INTERNATIONAL CROSS COUNTRY & WORLD CROSS COUNTRY CHAMPIONSHIPS (PDF), IAAF, p. 2ff, retrieved October 9, 2013

IAAF World Cross Country Championships

Editions

1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2013
2015
2017

Races

Senior men's	1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013 2015 2017

Senior women's	1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013 2015 2017

Men's short	1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Women's short	1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Junior men's	1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013 2015 2017

Junior women's	1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013 2015 2017

See also: International Cross Country Championships (1903–1972)

World Championships organised by the IAAF

Outdoor	1983 1987 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021

Indoor	1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024

Continental Cup	1977 1979 1981 1985 1989 1992 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014

U20	1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

U18	1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Cross Country	1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013 2015 2017

Race Walking	1961 1963 1965 1967 1970 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

Marathon	1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011

Half Marathon	1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018

Relays	2014 2015 2017

IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships IAAF World Road Relay Championships

International cross country running championships

World	IAAF World Cross Country Championships FISU World University Cross Country Championships CISM World Military Cross Country Championships

Continental	Asia Africa Europe North America, Central America and Caribbean Oceania South America

Regional	Americas Arab Balkans Central American and Caribbean Central American Nordic Commonwealth Mountain and Ultradistance

See also: Modern pentathlon • International Cross Country Championships (1903–1972)

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