28th New Zealand Parliament

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The 28th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. It was elected at the 1946 general election in November of that year.

1946 general election

The 1946 general election was held on Tuesday, 26 November in the Māori electorates and on Wednesday, 27 November in the general electorates, respectively.^[1] A total of 80 MPs were elected; 49 represented North Island electorates, 27 represented South Island electorates, and the remaining four represented Māori electorates.^[2] 1,081,898 voters were enrolled and the official turnout at the election was 93.5%.^[1]

Sessions

The 28th Parliament sat for five sessions, and was prorogued on 3 November 1949:^[3]

Session	Opened	Adjouned
first	24 June 1947	27 November 1947
second	22 June 1948	3 December 1948
third	28 June 1949	21 October 1949

Ministries

Peter Fraser of the Labour Party had been Prime Minister since 27 March 1940. He had formed the first Fraser Ministry on 1 April 1940 and the second Fraser Ministry on 30 April 1940.^[4] The second Fraser Ministry remained in power until its defeat by the National Party at the 1949 election.^[5][6]

Party Standings

	Party	Leader(s)	Seats at start
	Labour Party	Peter Fraser	44
	National Party	Sidney Holland	38

Members

Initial MPs

The table below shows the results of the 1946 general election:

Key

  Labour     National  

[] Electorate results for the New Zealand general election, 1946^[7]

Electorate	Incumbent		Winner		Majority	Runner up
General electorates
Arch Hill	New electorate			Bill Parry[8]	6,585		E J Clark
Ashburton	New electorate			Richard Geoffrey Gerard	1,453		Mrs A Newlands
Auckland Central		Bill Parry[8]		Bill Anderton[9]	3,478		Leon Götz[10]
Avon		Dan Sullivan			5,180		R A McDowell
Awarua		George Richard Herron			2,588		G G M Mitchell
Bay of Plenty		Bill Sullivan[11]			1,634		Ray Boord[12][7]
Brooklyn	New electorate			Peter Fraser[13]	3,935		S Hardy
Buller		Paddy Webb		Clarence Skinner	2,912		P E McDonald
Central Otago		William Bodkin			2,909		C Capell
Christchurch Central	New electorate			Robert Macfarlane	4,420		A J Wills
Clutha		James Roy			2,140		J P Thompson
Dunedin Central		Peter Neilson		Philip Connolly	2,000		Thomas Kay Stuart Sidey[14][7]
Eden		Bill Anderton[9]		Wilfred Fortune[15]	1,281		Warren Freer[16][7]
Egmont		Ernest Corbett[17]			3,398		C R Parker
Fendalton	New electorate			Sidney Holland	3,004		A G Williams
Franklin		Jack Massey			4,023		A D J Gunn
Gisborne		David William Coleman			2,015		Harry Barker[18]
Grey Lynn		Fred Hackett			5,910		H S Barry
Hamilton		Hilda Ross			327		J Granville
Hastings	New electorate			Edward Luttrell Cullen	483		Eric Pryor[19]
Hauraki		Andrew Sutherland			2,891		J W Neate
Hawke's Bay		Edward Luttrell Cullen		Cyril Harker	2,014		H E Beattie
Hobson	New electorate			Sidney Walter Smith	3,580		H K Hatrick
Hurunui		William Gillespie			1,440		John Mathison
Hutt		Walter Nash			2,587		J E F Vogel
Invercargill		William Denham		Ralph Hanan	224		William Denham
Island Bay	New electorate			Robert McKeen	3,958		H E Childs
Karori	New electorate			Charles Bowden	2,042		P C McGavin
Lyttelton		Terry McCombs			1,543		Edward Bickmore Ellison Taylor[20]
Manawatu		Matthew Oram			2,467		Phil Holloway
Marlborough		Edwin Meachen		Tom Shand	179		Edwin Meachen
Marsden		Alfred Murdoch			2,149		J S Stewart
Miramar	New electorate			Bob Semple	2,482		Leonard Theodor Jacobsen[21]
Mornington	New electorate			Walter Arthur Hudson	4,681		L D McIver
Mount Albert	New electorate			Arthur Shapton Richards	1,857		F A Hosking
Mount Victoria	New electorate			Jack Marshall	911		Eugene Casey
Napier		Tommy Armstrong			1,845		A J Price
Nelson		vacant[nb 1]		Edgar Neale	585		C H Goodman
New Plymouth		Ernest Aderman			405		G Nimmo
North Dunedin		Robert Walls			1,630		Norman Jones[22]
North Shore	New electorate			Martyn Finlay	249		Henry Thorne Morton[23]
Oamaru		Arnold Nordmeyer			232		T R Beatty
Onehunga		Arthur Osborne			3,424		W K King
Onslow	New electorate			Harry Ernest Combs	1,578		P P Lynch
Otahuhu		Charles Robert Petrie			220		C A Murdoch
Otaki		Leonard Lowry		James Joseph Maher	44		Jim Thorn
Pahiatua		Keith Holyoake			3,697		O E Niederer
Palmerston North		Joe Hodgens		Ormond Wilson	928		A E Mansford
Parnell	New electorate			Duncan Rae	206		Frederick Schramm
Patea		William Sheat			870		R J O'Dea
Petone	New electorate			Michael Moohan	4,019		G London
Piako	New electorate			William Goosman	5,101		E A Waters
Ponsonby	New electorate			Ritchie Macdonald	3,431		Peter E Dempsey[24]
Raglan		Hallyburton Johnstone		Alan Baxter	13		Hallyburton Johnstone
Rangitikei		Edward Gordon			2,307		J D Capstick
Remuera		Ronald Algie			4,410		J Freeman
Riccarton		Jack Watts		Angus McLagan	3,875		V W Wilson
Rodney	New electorate			Clifton Webb	2,850		A B Dixon
Roskill		Arthur Shapton Richards		Frank Langstone	155		Roy McElroy[25]
St Albans	New electorate			Jack Watts	86		Morgan Williams[26]
St Kilda	New electorate			Fred Jones	1,248		L J T Ireland
Selwyn	New electorate			John McAlpine	472		E A Sharp
Sydenham	New electorate			Mabel Howard	6,746		R Hunter
Tamaki	New electorate			Tom Skinner	231		J G C Wales
Tauranga		Frederick Doidge			2,704		D A Hill
Timaru		Clyde Carr			520		Jack Acland[27]
Waikato		William Goosman		Geoffrey Sim	4,385		J Dwyer
Waimarino		Frank Langstone		Paddy Kearins	681		N R Hill
Waimate	New electorate			David Campbell Kidd	789		W R Davison
Wairarapa		Ben Roberts		Garnet Hercules Mackley	235		G A Hansen
Waitakere	New electorate			Rex Mason	2,797		A M Laing
Waitomo		Walter Broadfoot			3,951		A G Goldsmith
Wallace		Adam Hamilton		Tom Macdonald	3,716		D J Munro
Wanganui		Joseph Cotterill			1,934		E W Merewether
Wellington Central		Peter Fraser		Charles Henry Chapman	1,680		Agnes Louisa Weston[nb 2]
Westland		James O'Brien			4,716		E Frank Chivers[30][31]
Māori electorates
Eastern Maori		Tiaki Omana			1,517		Apirana Ngata
Northern Maori		Tapihana Paraire Paikea			2,555		James Henare[32]
Southern Maori		Eruera Tirikatene			581		Vernon Ohaia Mason Thomas
Western Maori		Matiu Ratana			6,491		Hoeroa Marumaru[33]

Table footnotes:

1. Harry Atmore, the previous holder of the Nelson electorate, died on 20 August 1946
2. Claude Weston died suddenly on 10 November 1946 and was replaced by his wife^[28][29]

By-elections during 28th Parliament

There were a number of changes during the term of the 28th Parliament.

Electorate and by-election		Date	Incumbent		Cause	Winner
Avon	1947	28 May		Dan Sullivan	Death		Jock Mathison
Mount Albert	1947	24 September		Arthur Richards	Death		Warren Freer
Westland	1947	3 December		James O'Brien	Death		James Kent

Notes

1. "General elections 1853–2005 - dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
2. Scholefield 1950, p. 90.
3. Scholefield 1950, p. 70.
4. Scholefield 1950, p. 50.
5. Scholefield 1950, pp. 50–51.
6. Beaglehole, Tim. "Fraser, Peter". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
7. "The General Election, 1946". National Library. 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
8. Wilson 1985, p. 225.
9. Wilson 1985, p. 180.
10. Gustafson 1986, p. 315.
11. Wilson 1985, p. 237.
12. Norton 1988, p. 200.
13. Wilson 1985, p. 198.
14. Norton 1988, p. 212.
15. Wilson 1985, p. 197.
16. Norton 1988, p. 220.
17. Wilson 1985, p. 190.
18. Milton-Tee, Ann. "Harry Heaton Barker". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
19. Gustafson 1986, p. 382.
20. Gustafson 1986, p. 387.
21. "Public Notices". The Evening Post. CXXXVI (136). 6 December 1943. p. 4. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
22. Gustafson 1986, pp. 323f.
23. Gustafson 1986, p. 334.
24. Gustafson 1986, pp. 360f.
25. Gustafson 1986, p. 375.
26. Wilson 1985, p. 245.
27. Wilson 1985, p. 179.
28. Gustafson 1986, p. 389.
29. "Claude Horace Weston". Auckland War Memorial Museum. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
30. "General Election". Auckland Star. LXXIV (203). 27 August 1943. p. 4. Retrieved 3 November 2014.
31. "Chivers, E Frank, DSM, MID". Torpedo Bay Navy Museum. Retrieved 3 November 2014.
32. Gustafson 1986, p. 367.
33. Gustafson 1986, p. 377.

References

• Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6.
• Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
• Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
• Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.