39th Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron
39th Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron
 | |
|---|---|
|
39th Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron EB-66E | |
| Active | 1943-1945; 1947-1949; 1969-1973 |
| Country |
 United States |
| Branch |
 United States Air Force |
| Role | Electronic Warfare |
| Engagements | Mediterranean Theater of Operations European Theater of Operations |
| Decorations | Distinguished Unit Citation |
| Insignia | |
| World War II tail markings before May 1944[1] | Black diamond on white circle above, black number 1 in white circle below. |
| World War II tail markings after May 1944[1] | Black diamond above, bottom of tail white |
| 39 TEWS tail code 1969-1973[2] | SP |
The 39th Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 52d Tactical Fighter Wing at Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany, where it was inactivated in January 1973.
The squadron was first activated in 1943 at Alamogordo Army Air Field, New Mexico as the 739th Bombardment Squadron. The 739th was last active in the Air Force Reserve at Spokane Air Force Base, Washington, where it was inactivated in June 1949.
History
World War II
The squadron was first activated in June 1943 at Alamogordo Army Air Field, New Mexico as the 739th Bombardment Squadron, one of the original four squadrons of the 454th Bombardment Group.[3] The 454th was a Consolidated B-24 Liberator heavy bombardment group. The unit trained under Second Air Force. It deployed to the Mediterranean Theater of Operations, and was stationed in southern Italy at San Giovanni Airfield under Fifteenth Air Force.
The squadron engaged in long range strategic bombardment of enemy military, industrial and transportation targets. Operations included attacks against such objectives as marshalling yards, aircraft factories, railroad bridges, and airdromes in Italy, Austria, and Rumania. It helped to prepare the way for and supported Operation Dragoon, the invasion of Southern France during July and August 1944. At the same time, it expanded its previous operations to include attacks on oil refineries and storage facilities, locomotive works, and viaducts in France, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and the Balkans.
The 739th returned to the United States after the surrender of Germany in May 1945. It began to be re-equipped as a Boeing B-29 Superfortress very heavy bombardment squadron. The squadron began training under Second Air Force in August 1945, however it was inactivated in October after the surrender of Japan.[3]
Air Force Reserve
The 739th Bombardment Squadron was reactivated as a reserve unit under Air Defense Command (ADC) at McChord Field, Washington in April 1947 as a Boeing B-29 Superfortress unit, where its training was supervised by the 406th AAF Base Unit (later the 2345th Air Force Reserve Training Center) However, the squadron does not appear to have been fully manned or equipped while a reserve unit.[4] In 1948 Continental Air Command assumed responsibility for managing reserve and Air National Guard units from ADC.[5] President Truman’s reduced 1949 defense budget required reductions in the number of units in the Air Force.[6] Continental Air Command also reorganized its reserve units under the wing base organization system in June 1949. The squadron was inactivated and its personnel and equipment were transferred to elements of the 302d Troop Carrier Wing, which was activated simultaneously.[7][8]
Cold War
The 39th Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron was activated in April 1969 at Spangdahlem Air Base Germany in an effort to restore an electronic warfare capability to United States Air Forces Europe (USAFE). It was planned to equip the squadron with Douglas EB-66 Destroyers, but all of USAFE's EB-66s had deployed to Southeast Asia to provide jamming support for the Viet Nam War. As a result, the squadron was initially equipped with the less capable Martin EB-57 Canberra. Shortly after activation, it became possible to equip the unit with sixteen EB-66s.[9] The squadron continued its mission at Spangdahlem until inactivating in 1973 as the EB-66 was withdrawn from the Air Force inventory.[10]
The 739th Bombardment Squadron and the 39th Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron were consolidated into a single unit in September 1985.[11]
Lineage
739th Bombardment Squadron
- Constituted as the 739th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 14 May 1943
- Activated on 1 June 1943
- Redesignated 739th Bombardment Squadron, Very Heavy on 5 August 1945
- Inactivated on 17 October 1945
- Activated in the reserve on 16 August 1947
- Inactivated on 27 June 1949[12]
- Consolidated on 19 September 1985 with the 39th Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron as the 39th Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron[11]
39th Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron
- Constituted as the 39th Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron on 18 March 1969
- Activated on 1 April 1969
- Inactivated on 1 January 1973
- Consolidated on 19 September 1985 with the 739th Bombardment Squadron[11]
Assignments
- 454th Bombardment Group, 1 June 1943 - 17 October 1945
- 454th Bombardment Group, 16 August 1947 - 27 June 1949[12]
- 36th Tactical Fighter Wing, 1 April 1969
- 52d Tactical Fighter Wing, 31 Dec 1971 - 1 January 1973
Stations
- Alamogordo Army Air Field, New Mexico 1 June 1943
- Davis-Monthan Field, Arizona, 1 July 1943
- McCook Army Air Field, Nebraska c. 31 July 1943
- Charleston Army Air Field, South Carolina 3 October 1943 – December 1943
- San Giovanni Airfield, Italy January 1944 – July 1945
- Sioux Falls Army Air Field, South Dakota, 1 August 1945
- Pyote Army Air Field, Texas 17 August 1945 – 17 October 1945
- McChord Field (later McChord Air Force Base), Washington, 27 April 1947 – 27 June 1949[12]
- Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany, 1 April 1969 - 1 January 1973
Aircraft
- Consolidated B-24 Liberator, 1943-1945
- B-29 Superfortress, 1945[12]
- Martin EB-57 Canberra, 1969[9]
- Douglas EB-66 Destroyer, 1969-1973[9]
Awards and campaigns
| Award streamer | Award | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Distinguished Unit Citation | 12 April 1944 | 739th Bombardment Squadron, Bad Voslau, Austria[3] |
| Distinguished Unit Citation | 25 July 1944 | 739th Bombardment Squadron, Linz, Austria[3] |
| Campaign Streamer | Campaign | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Air Combat, EAME Theater | January 1944-11 May 1945 | 739th Bombardment Squadron[3] |
| Air Offensive, Europe | January 1944-5 June 1944 | 739th Bombardment Squadron[3] |
| Rome-Arno | 22 January 1944 – 9 September 1944 | 739th Bombardment Squadron[3] |
| Normandy | 6 June 1944 – 24 July 1944 | 739th Bombardment Squadron[3] |
| Northern France | 25 July 1944 – 14 September 1944 | 739th Bombardment Squadron[3] |
| Southern France | 15 August 1944 – 14 September 1944 | 739th Bombardment Squadron[3] |
| North Apennines | 10 September 1944 – 4 April 1945 | 739th Bombardment Squadron[3] |
| Rhineland | 15 September 1944 – 21 March 1945 | 739th Bombardment Squadron[3] |
| Central Europe | 22 March 1944 – 21 May 1945 | 739th Bombardment Squadron[3] |
| Po Valley | 3 April 1945 – 8 May 1945 | 739th Bombardment Squadron[3] |
References
Notes
- 1 2 Watkins, p. 99
- ↑ See photo of squadron EB-66
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 729
- ↑ See Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 729 (listing no aircraft for the period 1947-1949)
- ↑ "Abstract, Mission Project Closeup, Continental Air Command". Air Force History Index. 27 December 1961. Retrieved March 24, 2014.
- ↑ Knaack, p. 25
- ↑ Ravenstein, pp. 147-149
- ↑ See Mueller, p. 394
- 1 2 3 Knaack, pp. 448-449
- ↑ Knaack, pp. 449-450
- 1 2 3 Department of the Air Force/MPM Letter 662q, 19 September 85, Subject: Reconstitution, Redesignation, and Consolidation of Selected Air Force Tactical Squadrons
- 1 2 3 4 739th Bombardment Squadron lineage, including assignments, stations and aircraft in Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 729, except as indicated
Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/.
- Knaack, Marcelle Size (1988). Encyclopedia of US Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems. Vol. 2, Post-World War II Bombers 1945-1973. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-59-5.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. LCCN 61060979.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556.
- Mueller, Robert (1989). Air Force Bases, Vol. I, Active Air Force Bases Within the United States of America on 17 September 1982 (PDF). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-53-6.
- Ravenstein, Charles A. Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947-1977 (PDF). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9.
- Watkins, Robert A. (2013). Insignia and Aircraft Markings of the U.S. Army Air Force In World War II. Volume V, Pacific Theater of Operations. Atglen,PA: Shiffer Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 978-0-7643-4346-9.
Further reading
- Cantwell, Gerald T. (1997). Citizen Airmen: a History of the Air Force Reserve, 1946-1994. Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program. ISBN 0-16049-269-6.