Achanduin Castle

Achanduin Castle
Achnacroish, Lismore, Argyll and Bute, Scotland.[1]

Achanduin Castle, 2005.
Site information
Controlled by Clan MacDougall c.1290 - c.1400.[2]
Bishop of Argyll 14??[2] - c.1550.[3]
Condition in ruins.
Site history
Built c.1290.[2]
Built by MacDougal family.[2]
In use not in use.
Garrison information
Past
commanders		 Eugenil de Ergadia c.1304.

Achanduin Castle, (also known as Achadun Castle and Acha-Dun),[3] is a castle, now in ruins, located about 5 kilometres west of Achnacroish on the north-western coastline of the Isle of Lismore,[1] in Argyll and Bute, Scotland.[3] The castle overlooks Loch Linnhe and Bernera Island. The ruins are thought to date back to the thirteenth century.[1] Achanduin Castle had long been thought to have been built by the Bishop of Argyll, though recent research has proved this to be unlikely.[2] The castle was likely built by the MacDougalls around 1290 who held it throughout the fourteenth century.[2] The castle was also thought to have been held by the Bishops of Argyll until the mid sixteenth century.[1]

Description of the ruins

The remains of the castle are seated on the summit of a limestone ridge on the north-western shore of Lismore.[3] The south-west and south-east walls are collapsed though the north-east and a large part of the north-west wall still stand, to a maximum height of 6.7 metres.[3] These curtain walls vary in thickness from 1.4 to 2.4 metres and enclose an area of about 22 metres square.[3] The enclosed area would have contained at least two ranges of buildings on either side of a small courtyard, the south-east range being the more substantial.[3] During excavations of the site in 1970 and 1971, two doorways were found leading from the courtyard into the north-west range.[3]

History

Throughout the thirteenth century the Diocese of Argyll and the see of Lismore were in virtual poverty.[2] It had once been thought that the Bishop of Argyll was the builder of Achanduin Castle, though recent research shows that neither the see or the Bishop at any time were wealthy enough to construct a castle.[2] Recent research has points to the MacDougalls.[2]

Archaeological excavations show that Achanduin Castle was built about 1290, at a time when the Bishop of Argyll, Laurence de Ergadia, was himself possibly a MacDougall.[2] The first documentary evidence of the castle appears in a grant of lands dated 1304 at Achichendone, when Eugenil de Ergadia, Lord of Lorn, of Menderaloch and of Lesmor granted to Andrew, Bishop of Argyll lands next to the castle.[2] This grant shows that Achanduin Castle was in the hands of a MacDougall at that time.[2]

The MacDougalls were forfeit in 1308, and losing most of their lands following the Battle of the Pass of Brander and the loss of their stronghold of Dunstaffnage Castle.[2] Of records concerning their redistributed possessions, Lismore is never mentioned.[2] Therefore it is possible that the MacDougalls were then allowed to retain the island.[2]

Archaeological evidence suggests that there was little occupation at the castle from c.1400 to relatively modern times.[2]

In 1451 John Maol (John Alani de Lorn nominato Mak Dowil) was granted Dunolly and other lands from John Stewart, Lord of Lorn.[2] Around this time it is believed the MacDougalls left Lismore for the mainland to build Dunollie Castle.[2] By 1452 The Bishop of Argyll seems to have had possession of Achanduin Castle and for a short time occupied it.[2] It is suggested that the castle may have been given to the Bishopric at an earlier time, though there was not much use for it.[2] The evidence shows at least that the Bishop of Argyll did not frequently visit Lismore.[2]

Footnotes

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Achadun Castle". Gazetteer for Scotland. Retrieved 2007-08-15.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Turner, Dennis (1998). "The Bishops of Argyll and the Castle of Achanduin, Lismore, AD 1180-1343" (PDF). Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 128: 645–652. Retrieved 2009-07-26.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Lismore, Achadun Castle". RCAHMS. Retrieved 2007-08-15.

See also

Coordinates: 56°29′40″N 5°34′8″W / 56.49444°N 5.56889°W / 56.49444; -5.56889

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