Afegostat

Afegostat
Clinical data
Trade names Plicera
Routes of
administration
Oral
ATC code none
Legal status
Legal status
  • Development terminated
Identifiers
Synonyms Isofagomine; AT-2101, HGT-3410
CAS Number 169105-89-9 YesY
PubChem (CID) 447607
IUPHAR/BPS 7410
ChemSpider 394649
UNII G23AP190YS YesY
KEGG D09576
ChEMBL CHEMBL206468
Chemical and physical data
Formula C6H13NO3
Molar mass 147.17 g/mol
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
  (verify)

Afegostat (INN; also known as isofagomine; planned trade name Plicera) was an experimental drug for the treatment of certain forms of Gaucher's disease, that was being developed by Amicus Therapeutics and Shire plc until a failed clinical trial in 2009 led to termination of its development. The substance was used in form of the tartrate.

Mechanism of action

β-Glucocerebrosidase, an enzyme needed for the metabolisation of glucocerebroside, is misfolded in individuals with Gaucher's disease due to various mutations, one of which is called N370S. Afegostat, an iminosugar, binds selectively to N370S glucocerebrosidase and restores its correct conformation and, consequently, enhances its activity about threefold.[1][2]

Invention and development

Afegostat was invented by Mikael Bols and Troels Skrydstrup, and was first prepared by Jespersen and Bols.[3]

Amicus Therapeutics licensed patents related to afegostat from Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, University of Maryland, and Novo Nordisk A/S, and also signed a collaboration agreement with Shire plc related to this drug and others.[4]:13

It was granted orphan drug status by the European Medicines Agency (EMA)[5] and by the US FDA.[4]:10

When afegostat failed a Phase II clinical trial in 2009, Shire terminated the collaboration agreement and Amicus determined it would no longer develop the afegostat.[4]:2,10,11 The first patents in Amicus' patent portfolio on afegostat expire in 2015.[4]:12

See also

References

  1. Dulsat, C.; Mealy, N. (2009). "Isofagomine tartrate". Drugs of the Future. 34 (1): 23. doi:10.1358/dof.2009.034.01.1323946.
  2. Richard A. Steet; Stephen Chung; Brandon Wustman; Allan Powe; Hung Do; Stuart A. Kornfeld (2006). "The iminosugar isofagomine increases the activity of N370S mutant acid β-glucosidase in Gaucher fibroblasts by several mechanisms" (PDF). PNAS. 103 (37): 13813–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.0605928103. PMC 1564243Freely accessible. PMID 16945909.
  3. Jespersen, T. M.; Dong, W; Skrydstrup, T; Sierks, M.R; Lundt, I; Bols, M. (1994). "Isofagomine, a Potent New Glycosidase Inhibitor". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 33 (17): 1778–1779. doi:10.1002/anie.199417781.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Amicus Amicus 10-K Annual Report Filed Mar 10, 2010
  5. Public summary of positive opinion for orphan designation of isofagomine tartrate for the treatment of Gaucher disease Archived July 18, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
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