Ammonium iodate

Ammonium iodate
Names

IUPAC name Ammonium iodate
Other names Iodic acid, ammonium salt
Identifiers
CAS Number	13446-09-8
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	145937
ECHA InfoCard	100.033.252
PubChem	166805
InChI InChI=1S/HIO3.H3N/c2-1(3)4;/h(H,2,3,4);1H3 Key: ZRDJERPXCFOFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES [NH4+].[O-]I(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	NH₄IO₃
Molar mass	192.94 g/mol
Appearance	white crystalline powder
Density	3.309 g/cm³
Melting point	decomposes at 150°C
Solubility in water	29.883 g/L (25°C) ^[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Ammonium iodate is an inorganic salt which is sparingly soluble in cold, and moderately soluble in hot water, like all iodate salts, it's a strong oxidizer.

Preperation

Ammonium iodate can be obtained by neutralising a solution of iodic acid with ammonia. ^[2]

HIO 3 + NH 3 \to NH 4 IO 3

Using it's low solubility in water, it can also be precipitated from an iodate solution with an ammonium salt.

HIO 3 + (NH 4) 2 SO 4 \to NH 4 IO 3 + K 2 SO 4

Unlike other iodates, ammonium iodate can't be prepared by dissolving iodine in an ammonium hydroxide solution, instead the highly explosive nitrogen triiodide is formed.

3 I 2 + 5 NH 3 \to 3 NH 4 I + NH 3 *NI 3

Chemical properties

Because ammonium iodate consists of the reducing ammonium ion and the oxidizing iodate ion, it already starts to decompose at 150°C into nitrogen, oxygen, iodine and water.

NH 4 IO 3 \to N 2 + O 2 + I 2 + H 2 O

Below 60°C this reaction can't sustain itself, but with catalysts like potassium dichromate or copper(II) chloride it can also combust at room temperature.^[2]

Safety

Like all iodates, ammonium iodate is a strong oxidizer and should therefor be kept away from flammable materials like sulfur, phosphorus and metals powders ^[3]

References

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