Aristolochia contorta
| Aristolochia contorta | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Aristolochia contorta Bunge | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta |
| (unranked): | Magnoliids |
| Order: | Piperales |
| Family: | Aristolochiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Aristolochioideae |
| Genus: | Aristolochia |
| Species: | A. contorta |
| Binomial name | |
| Aristolochia contorta Bunge | |
Aristolochia contorta, (Hangul: 쥐방울덩굴) also known as Birthwort, is a climbing perennial shrub.[1]
Ecology
Aristolochia contorta is a perennial herbaceous plant with stout elongated rhizomes that grows on the edges of the mountains, fields or forests in Korea, Japan, and eastern China.[1] It is rarely found in open fields along the edge of the forests. It grows well in sunny places or slightly or fully shaded places with well-drained soil, and grows up to 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in).
Stem
Its glabrous stems grow up to 1 metre (3 ft 3 in)-1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in). The color of the new sprouts is dark purple, and eventually turns green or even slightly white. It grows up winding around other objects.
Leaves
Its heart-shaped or egg-shaped leaves sprout unevenly and the color is white tinged with green. The length extends from 4 centimetres (1.6 in) - 10 centimetres (3.9 in), and the width extends from 3.5 centimetres (1.4 in)-8 centimetres (3.1 in). [1] The edges are dull and the petioles are long.
Flower
Green and purple tube shaped flowers bloom during July to August, coming out from the axils. Calyx tubes are glabrous and widen to the bottom, and narrowing towards the top they open widely like horns. [2] One side of the lobes lengthen with sharp edges, and the length of the peduncles are 1 centimetre (0.39 in) - 4 centimetres (1.6 in). The flowers do not have floral leaves and consist of 6 stamens and 6 pistils joined together as a whole. The ovaries are very thin, long and fragile.
Fruit
The globular shaped fruits bore on October, has 6 holes containing many seeds. The lower part of the fruits divide, each of them hanging on to the peduncles, splitting like tiny strands, and shape like parachutes.
Chemical constituents
A. contarta contains the carcinogenic chemical compounds aristolochic acid and derivatives.[1] The plant also contains aristolactam derivatives and N-glycosides: 8-desmethoxyaristolactam, 6-hydroxy-8-desmethoxyaristolactam N-b-d-glucopyranoside and oxoaporphines.[1] A. contarta is believed to be antimicrobial, hallucinogenic, immunostimulating, antitumour, and hypotensive.[1]
Traditional medicine
In Korean traditional prescription, their fruits and roots are used medicinally. The fruits are used for treating phlegm, asthma, hemorrhoids and high blood pressure, and the roots for enteritis, boils, and abdominal inflation.[2]
Breeding method
The seeds gathered in October are most productive, and the roots of early spring or fall can be divided for planting.
Care
Grows best planted in pots and gardens, and planted on slopes with well-drained soil. The plants must be watered two to three days apart.
Consumption
After the peeled fruits roasted on high heat are grinded into powder, 4 grams (0.14 oz) of it must be boiled in 200 millilitres (7.0 imp fl oz; 6.8 US fl oz) of water.