Avram Miletić

Avram Miletić
Native name Аврам Милетић
Born 1755
Kać, Military Frontier, Habsburg Monarchy (today Serbia)
Died after 1826
Nationality Serbian
Occupation merchant
Known for writing the earliest collection of urban lyric poetry on Serbian language

Avram Miletić (Serbian: Аврам Милетић) (1755 – after 1826) was a merchant and writer of epic folk songs who is best known for writing the earliest collection of urban lyric poetry in Serbian language between 1778 and 1781.

Family

Miletić was born in Kać, Military Frontier, Habsburg Monarchy.[1] Miletić's grandfather was Mileta Zavišić who came to Bačka from Kostajnica[2] where he led a company of three hundred men and fought against Ottomans for thirty two years. Since Ottomans wanted to punish him after they signed a peace treaty with Austrians, Mileta emigrated to Bačka and changed his last name to Miletić. Mileta's son Sima, who was a merchant educated in Novi Sad, had fifteen sons and three daughters. Avram Miletić was the oldest Sima's son.[3] The second son of Avram Miletić, also Sima like his grandfather, was a boot-maker[4] and a father of Svetozar Miletić the political leader of Serbs in Vojvodina.[5]

Biography

Avram Miletić completed his merchant's education, first in Vidin and later in Novi Sad.[6] In period 1785—1787 Avram Miletić has been a teacher in two schools in two different villages, Lok and Vilovo, at the same time (he lectured in one school in the morning and another in the afternoon).[7] He married a local priest's daughter and opened a general store in Mošorin.[8]

Work

In period 1778—1781 Avram Miletić composed a miscellany of 129 songs (Serbian: Песмарица, Pesmarica). It contains many Serbian language lyric poems and four folk epic poems: "A history of Prince Lazar from Kosovo and from Tzar Murat", "A history of Musić Stefan", "A history of the Duke Momčilo" and "A history of the Young Prodanović", which have been noted down around thirty years before Vuk Karadžić started recording epic poems.[9][10][11] Miletić named all folk epic songs he recorded as histories because they have been considered as histories in the form of poems.[12] Epic song "History of the Young Prodanović" is in fact well known song "Serbs in Donauwörth" (Serbian: Срби у Донаверту, Srbi u Donavertu) recorded in 1744 by Hristofor Zhefarovich.[13][14]

Miletić's micellany is considered as the oldest known songbook of urban poetry.[15] Miletić has recorded a famous ballad "Omer and Merima" only five or six years after Alberto Fortis recorded it for the first time.[16] He has also recorded a text of the poem Pašhalija composed by Jovan Avakumović in 1775.[17]

References

  1. ↑ Srejović, Dragoslav; Gavrilović, Slavko; Ćirković, Sima (1986), Istorija srpskog naroda (in Serbian), 2, Belgrade: Srpska književna zadruga, p. 142, OCLC 8451304, retrieved 15 January 2012, Аврам Милетић (1755—после 1826) ... родио се у Каћу...
  2. ↑ Popović, Bogdan; Jovan Skerlić (1934). Srpski književni glasnik, Volume 42. p. 283. Retrieved 16 January 2012. Милетићев отац је, године 1876, казивао Александру Сандићу да је његов прадед, Милета Завишић, дошао у Бачку са босанске границе, из Костајнице, што много не противречи Милетићеву казивању...
  3. ↑ Petrović, Nikola (1958), Svetozar Miletić, 1826–1901 (in Serbian), Belgrade: Nolit, p. 8, OCLC 7888773, retrieved 16 January 2012, дични предак Милета Завишић, гласовити јунак, тридесет и две године, са својом четом од триста јунака вршио упаде на турску територију и кажњавао Турке за њихова недела према Србима. Када су се Аустријанци и Турци измирили, Турци затраже Милетину главу. Да би се склонио од неминовне погибије, Милета се пресели са својом породицом у Бачку и прозове се Милетић, да би заметнуо траг. Милетин син Сима, према предању Светозарев прадед, изучи трговачки занат у Новом Саду и ту се ожени и изроди петнаест синова и три кћери. ... Симин најстарији син Аврам, Светозарев дед, рођен је 1755...
  4. ↑ Popović, Bogdan; Jovan Skerlić (1934). Srpski književni glasnik, Volume 42. p. 283. Retrieved 16 January 2012. Син Аврама Милетића, Сима чизмар...
  5. ↑ Зборник Матице српске за друштвене науке, Volumes 19–21 (in Serbian). Novi Sad: Matica Srpska. 1958. p. 104. Retrieved 16 January 2012. Аврам Милетић, деда Светозара Милетића...
  6. ↑ Stanojević, Stanoje (1934). Glasnik Istoriskog društva u Novom Sadu, Volume 7 (in Serbian). Sremski Karlovci: Istorisko Društvo. Retrieved 16 January 2012. Аврам Милетић је био трговачки калфа, у Видину, у Новоме Саду;
  7. ↑ J. Popović, Dušan (1939). Vojvodina, Volume 2 (in Serbian). Novi Sad: Istorisko društvo u Novom Sadu. p. 190. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
  8. ↑ J. Popović, Dušan (1939). Vojvodina, Volume 2 (in Serbian). Novi Sad: Istorisko društvo u Novom Sadu. p. 190. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
  9. ↑ Veselinov, Ivanka; Vera Jerković (1991). Tragom srpske prošlosti (in Serbian). Novi Sad: Biblioteka Matice srpske. p. 6. ISBN 978-86-80061-06-1. Retrieved 15 January 2012. Песмарица Аврама Милетића... има 129 песама
  10. ↑ Savet akademija nauka SFRJ (1965), Bulletin scientifique: Sciences humaines, Zagreb: Le Conseil, p. 60, OCLC 1765068, retrieved 15 January 2012, ...four epic folk poems from the Miscellany of Avram Miletić: "A history of Prince Lazar from Kosovo and from Tzar Murat", "A history of Musić Stefan", "A history of the Duke Momčilo" and "A history of the Young Prodanović".... They were noted some thirty years before first Vuk's poems...
  11. ↑ Karadžić, Vuk (1965) [1814], Mala prostonarodnja slaveno-serbska pjesnarica, 1814. Narodna srbska pjesnarica, 1815. (in Serbian), Belgrade: Prosveta, p. 578, OCLC 18105307, retrieved 15 January 2012, "Историја Мусића Стефана"... Зборник Аврама Милетића (1778—1781)...
  12. ↑ Srejović, Dragoslav; Gavrilović, Slavko; Ćirković, Sima (1986), Istorija srpskog naroda (in Serbian), 2, Belgrade: Srpska književna zadruga, p. 144, OCLC 8451304, retrieved 15 January 2012, да их је он све одреда називао историјама; у његовој свести, значи, народне јуначке песме су биле писана историја или стихована истина...
  13. ↑ Pavić, Milorad (1970), Istorija srpske književnosti baroknog doba: (17 i 18 vek) (in Serbian), Belgrade: Nolit, p. 435, OCLC 258050552, Најзад песму Срби у Донаверту забележио је 1744 године Христифор Жефаровић
  14. ↑ Samardžić, Radovan (1986), Историја Српског Народа (in Serbian), Srpska knjiiževna zadruga, p. 143, Четврту епску песму у својој песмарици Милетић је назвао Историјом Младог Продановића, а у ствари је то позната песма Срби у Донаверту
  15. ↑ Hawkesworth, Celia (2000), Voices in the shadows: women and verbal art in Serbia and Bosnia, New York: Central European University Press, p. 92, ISBN 978-0-585-39531-9, OCLC 49851607, retrieved 15 January 2012, To date the oldest known songbook of Serbian urban poetry is that of Avram Miletić, which was compiled around 1780
  16. ↑ Matić, Svetozar R. (1972), Novi ogledi o našem narodnom epu (in Serbian), Novi Sad: Matica srpska, p. 245, OCLC 11647588, retrieved 15 January 2012, Омер и Мерима – ову је Аврам Милетић записао пет-шест година после Фортисовог записа
  17. ↑ Zbornik Matice srpske za književnost i jezik, Book 40, Issues 1–2 (in Serbian). Novi Sad: Matica Srpska. 1992. p. 335. Retrieved 16 January 2012. варијанти Авакумовићеве песме Пашхалија новаја....текст ове песме сачуван је у врло малом броју записа: 1) у Песмарици Аврама Милетића
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