Ayrshire (horse)

Ayrshire

Sire	Hampton
Grandsire	Lord Clifden
Dam	Atalanta
Damsire	Galopin
Sex	Stallion
Foaled	1885
Country	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
Colour	Bay
Breeder	William Cavendish-Bentinck, 6th Duke of Portland
Owner	William Cavendish-Bentinck, 6th Duke of Portland
Trainer	George Dawson
Record	16: 11-1-3
Major wins
Champagne Stakes (1887) 2000 Guineas (1888) Epsom Derby (1888) Royal Stakes (1889) Eclipse Stakes (1889)

Ayrshire (1885–1910) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a career that lasted from 1887 to 1889 he ran sixteen times and won eleven races. After winning five races as a two-year-old he became the leading British three-year-old colt of 1888 when he won the 2000 Guineas at Newmarket and the Derby at Epsom. He failed in his bid to win the English Triple Crown when beaten in the St Leger at Doncaster but returned in 1889 for a successful campaign which included a win in the Eclipse Stakes at Sandown. He was retired to stud at the end of the year and had a modestly successful career as a stallion. He died in 1910.

Background

Ayrshire was a dark-coated bay, praised for his “beauty” and “symmetry”,^[1] bred by his owner William Cavendish-Bentinck, 6th Duke of Portland^[2] a Conservative politician and landowner. Among the Duke’s other horses were the undefeated St. Simon and the 1889 Derby winner Donovan. He was sent into training with George Dawson at his Heath House Stable in Newmarket, Suffolk.^[3]

Ayrshire's sire, Hampton was a successful stayer who won both the Goodwood Cup and the Doncaster Cup. Hampton was Champion sire in 1887 and sired, in addition to Merry Ayrshire, the Derby winners Ladas and Merry Hampton as well as the influential sires Bay Ronald and Royal Hampton.^[4] Ayrshire’s dam Atalanta, who had once been sold for half a Crown,^[5] was a successful racehorse who went on to produce several good winners including the St. James's Palace Stakes winner Troon.^[6]

Racing career

1887: two-year-old season

Ayrshire made his debut in the £5,000 Whitsuntide Plate over five furlongs at Manchester for which he was made 5/2 favourite. In a “splendid race” run in thick mist Ayrshire finished third, beaten a neck and a head by the filly Briar-root who went on to win the 1000 Guineas in 1888, and an unnamed ”Ellangowan colt” (later named Caerlaverock).^[7] He was then sent to Royal Ascot for the New Stakes in which he finished third to the year’s leading two-year-old Friar's Balsam and the filly Seabreeze.^[8]

In the next three months, Ayshire won five successive races. Before the end of June he had won the Bibury Home-bred Foal Plate by three quarters of a length from Challenge,^[9] and the Royal Plate at Windsor. At Newmarket in July, he started evens favourite for the Chesterfield Stakes, and produced a strong finish to beat Bartizan by half a length;^[10] later that month won the “Prince of Wales Stakes” at Goodwood. At Doncaster in September he won the Champagne Stakes^[11] but sustained an injury which kept him off the racecourse for the remainder of the season.^[1]

1888: three-year-old season

6th Duke of Portland, Ayrshire's owner and breeder

Although Friar’s Balsam was perceived as by far the best colt of his generation, Ayrshire who had thrived over the winter was regarded by some observers as a potential Derby winner.^[12] Ayrshire began his three-year-old season in the Riddlesworth Stakes at Newmarket, which he won by twenty lengths from his only opponent. In the 2000 Guineas on Ayrshire was started at 8/1 in a field of six but Friar’s Balsam was considered such a certainty that many bookmakers refused to accept bets on the favourite. Friar’s Balsam was, however, suffering from an undetected mouth abscess which burst during the race, causing him to choke on “blood and matter”.^[13] Ayrshire, ridden by the fifty-five-year-old^[14] veteran John Osborne, tracked his stable companion Johnny Morgan before moving into the lead a furlong out and winning “in a common canter” by two lengths. Johnny Morgan held off Orbit for second, while Friar’s Balsam finished distressed in fifth.^[13] Immediately following the race Ayrshire’s price for the Derby was cut from 7/1 to 6/4.^[15]

At Epsom on 30 May Ayrshire started 5/6 favourite in a field of nine, in front of a crowd estimated at 150,000. His owner, the Duke of Portland watched the race from the Royal Box in the company of the Prince of Wales. Ayrshire broke quickly but was then held up and settled in fourth by his rider Fred Barrett. Van Dieman’s Land went to the front at half way and held a clear lead turning into the straight as Barrett moved Ayrshire into contention. Two furlongs from the finish, Ayrshire took the lead from Orbit and Van Dieman’s Land. He quickly went clear and held off the strong late challenge of Crowberry to win by two lengths, despite swerving^[16] near the finish.^[17] The official time of 2:43 equalled the race record, although the Sporting Life timed the winner at 2:42.2.^[18]

Shortly after the Derby Ayrshire was found to be lame^[19] as a result of a splint^[16] and was off the racecourse for more than three months. He started favourite for the St Leger on September 12 against fifteen opponents, with his biggest danger appearing to be Seabreeze, who had won the Epsom Oaks. Ayrshire raced prominently and was moved up to challenge Seabreeze for the lead early in the straight. He soon weakened however, suggesting a lack of stamina,^[16] and dropped back to finish sixth, as the filly won easily.^[20] Ten days later Ayrshire ran over the much shorter distance of seven furlongs in the £10,000 Lancashire Plate at Manchester Racecourse. Looking fitter than he had done at Doncaster, he produced a much better effort, leading the field of twenty-four runners until headed by Seabreeze well inside the final furlong. Ayrshire "struggled gamely" but was beaten three quarters of a length in a finish of "intense excitement."^[21] Ayrshire reappeared at Newmarket three days later for his final start of the year, and won the Great Foal Plate, beating the Doncaster Cup winner Grafton.^[22]

1889: four-year-old season

Ayrshire ran only three times in 1889, but won two of the season's most valuable prizes. On his four-year-old debut on 11 May Ayrshire faced a strong field, including Friar's Balsam (who started odds-on favourite) and Seabreeze in the £10,000 Royal Stakes at Kempton Park. Ridden by Jack Watts, Ayrshire took the lead turning into the straight as Friar's Balsam dropped away, but he was soon challenged by Seabreeze. The two leaders pulled well clear of the remainder, with Ayrshire holding off the filly's sustained challenge to win comfortably by a length.^[23]

On 19 July he faced Seabreeze again in the third running of the £10,000 Eclipse Stakes at Sandown, for which he started 4/5 favorite. He won "in a canter" by about two lengths, beating the three-year-olds El Dorado and Seclusion with Seabreeze well beaten.^[24] In the Champion Stakes at Newmarket in October Ayrshire was beaten into third place by the three-year-old Gold in one of the "chief surprises" of the year.^[25] It transpired that he had been injured^[16] in the race and was retired to stud.

Stud career

Ayrshire was retired to his owners stud at Egerton House, Newmarket. He was a modest success as a stallion, being particularly effective as a sire of fillies. His best progeny included the Oaks winners Airs and Graces and Our Lassie and the important broodmares Gas and Glare.^[6] His best colt may have been Bowling Brook, who raced in the United States, where his wins included the Belmont Stakes and the Metropolitan Handicap. Ayrshire was put down on 30 March 1910.^[16]

Pedigree

Pedigree of Ayrshire (GB), by stallion, 1885
Sire Hampton (GB) 1913	Lord Clifden 1903	Newminster	Touchstone
		Newminster	Beeswing
		The Slave	Melbourne
		The Slave	Volley
	Lady Langden 1904	Kettledrum	Rataplan
		Kettledrum	Hybla
		Haricot	Lanercost
		Haricot	Queen Mary
Dam Atalanta (GB) 1913	Galopin 1906	Vedette	Voltigeur
		Vedette	Mrs Ridgway
		Flying Duchess	The Flying Dutchman
		Flying Duchess	Merope
	Feronia 1902	Thormanby	Windhound
		Thormanby	Alice Hawthorn
		Woodbine	Stockwell
		Woodbine	Honeysuckle (Family: 8-h)

References

1 2 "TALK OF THE DAY". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "6th Duke of Portland". Horseracinghistory.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
↑ "George Dawson". Horseracinghistory.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
↑ "Hampton". Tbheritage.com. Retrieved 2011-11-19.
↑ "SPORTING NEWS". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
1 2 Liz Martiniak Thoroughbred Heritage (1910-03-30). "Ayrshire". Tbheritage.com. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "RACING IN ENGLAND. MANCHESTER". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "RACING IN ENGLAND. NEWMARKET SECOND OCTOBER". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "Papers Past — Auckland Star — 31 May 1888 — RACING IN ENGLAND". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
↑ "RACING IN ENGLAND". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "SPORTING NEWS". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "THE AUSTRALIAN J.C. AUTUMN GATHERING". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
1 2 "THE DOWNFALL OF FRIAR'S BALSAM". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "TALK OF THE DAY". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "SPORTING". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
1 2 3 4 5 Mortimer, Roger; Onslow, Richard; Willett, Peter (1978). Biographical Encyclopedia of British Flat Racing. Macdonald and Jane’s. ISBN 0-354-08536-0.
↑ "Wednesday, May 30". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "TALK OF THE DAY". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "TURF GOSSIP". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
↑ "TALK OF_THE MY". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
↑ "TALK OF THE DAY. BY MAZEPPA". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
↑ "THE GREAT FOAL STAKES". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
↑ "KEMPTON PARK". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
↑ "RACING IN ENGLAND". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
↑ "TALK OF THE DAY". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 2011-11-23.

2000 Guineas winners

1809 Wizard 1810 Hephestion 1811 Trophonius 1812 Cwrw 1813 Smolensko 1814 Olive 1815 Tigris 1816 Nectar 1817 Manfred 1818 Interpreter 1819 Antar 1820 Pindarrie 1821 Reginald 1822 Pastille ♥ 1823 Nicolo 1824 Schahriar 1825 Enamel 1826 Dervise 1827 Turcoman 1828 Cadland 1829 Patron 1830 Augustus 1831 Riddlesworth 1832 Archibald 1833 Clearwell 1834 Glencoe 1835 Ibrahim 1836 Bay Middleton 1837 Achmet 1838 Grey Momus 1839 The Corsair 1840 Crucifix ♥ 1841 Ralph 1842 Meteor 1843 Cotherstone 1844 The Ugly Buck 1845 Idas 1846 Sir Tatton Sykes 1847 Conyngham 1848 Flatcatcher 1849 Nunnykirk 1850 Pitsford 1851 Hernandez 1852 Stockwell 1853 West Australian ₩ 1854 The Hermit 1855 Lord of the Isles 1856 Fazzoletto 1857 Vedette 1858 Fitz-Roland 1859 The Promised Land 1860 The Wizard 1861 Diophantus 1862 The Marquis 1863 Macaroni 1864 General Peel 1865 Gladiateur ₩ 1866 Lord Lyon ₩ 1867 Vauban 1868 Formosa ♥ Moslem 1869 Pretender 1870 Macgregor 1871 Bothwell 1872 Prince Charlie 1873 Gang Forward 1874 Atlantic 1875 Camballo 1876 Petrarch 1877 Chamant 1878 Pilgrimage ♥ 1879 Charibert 1880 Petronel 1881 Peregrine 1882 Shotover ♥ 1883 Galliard 1884 Scot Free 1885 Paradox 1886 Ormonde ₩ 1887 Enterprise 1888 Ayrshire 1889 Enthusiast 1890 Surefoot 1891 Common ₩ 1892 Bona Vista 1893 Isinglass ₩ 1894 Ladas 1895 Kirkconnel 1896 St. Frusquin 1897 Galtee More ₩ 1898 Disraeli 1899 Flying Fox ₩ 1900 Diamond Jubilee ₩ 1901 Handicapper 1902 Sceptre 1903 Rock Sand ₩ 1904 St. Amant 1905 Vedas 1906 Gorgos 1907 Slieve Gallion 1908 Norman 1909 Minoru 1910 Neil Gow 1911 Sunstar 1912 Sweeper 1913 Louvois 1914 Kennymore 1915 Pommern ₩ 1916 Clarissimus 1917 Gay Crusader ₩ 1918 Gainsborough ₩ 1919 The Panther 1920 Tetratema 1921 Craig an Eran 1922 St Louis 1923 Ellangowan 1924 Diophon 1925 Manna 1926 Colorado 1927 Adam's Apple 1928 Flamingo 1929 Mr Jinks 1930 Diolite 1931 Cameronian 1932 Orwell 1933 Rodosto 1934 Colombo 1935 Bahram ₩ 1936 Pay Up 1937 Le Ksar 1938 Pasch 1939 Blue Peter 1940 Djebel 1941 Lambert Simnel 1942 Big Game 1943 Kingsway 1944 Garden Path ♥ 1945 Court Martial 1946 Happy Knight 1947 Tudor Minstrel 1948 My Babu 1949 Nimbus 1950 Palestine 1951 Ki Ming 1952 Thunderhead 1953 Nearula 1954 Darius 1955 Our Babu 1956 Gilles de Retz 1957 Crepello 1958 Pall Mall 1959 Taboun 1960 Martial 1961 Rockavon 1962 Privy Councillor 1963 Only for Life 1964 Baldric 1965 Niksar 1966 Kashmir 1967 Royal Palace 1968 Sir Ivor 1969 Right Tack 1970 Nijinsky ₩ 1971 Brigadier Gerard 1972 High Top 1973 Mon Fils 1974 Nonoalco 1975 Bolkonski 1976 Wollow 1977 Nebbiolo 1978 Roland Gardens 1979 Tap On Wood 1980 Known Fact 1981 To-Agori-Mou 1982 Zino 1983 Lomond 1984 El Gran Senor 1985 Shadeed 1986 Dancing Brave 1987 Don't Forget Me 1988 Doyoun 1989 Nashwan 1990 Tirol 1991 Mystiko 1992 Rodrigo de Triano 1993 Zafonic 1994 Mister Baileys 1995 Pennekamp 1996 Mark of Esteem 1997 Entrepreneur 1998 King of Kings 1999 Island Sands 2000 King's Best 2001 Golan 2002 Rock of Gibraltar 2003 Refuse to Bend 2004 Haafhd 2005 Footstepsinthesand 2006 George Washington 2007 Cockney Rebel 2008 Henrythenavigator 2009 Sea the Stars 2010 Makfi 2011 Frankel 2012 Camelot 2013 Dawn Approach 2014 Night of Thunder 2015 Gleneagles 2016 Galileo Gold

Legend - ₩ = Triple Crown Winners, ♥ = Filly

Epsom Derby winners

1780 Diomed 1781 Young Eclipse 1782 Assassin 1783 Saltram 1784 Serjeant 1785 Aimwell 1786 Noble 1787 Sir Peter Teazle 1788 Sir Thomas 1789 Skyscraper 1790 Rhadamanthus 1791 Eager 1792 John Bull 1793 Waxy 1794 Daedalus 1795 Spread Eagle 1796 Didelot 1797 colt by Fidget 1798 Sir Harry 1799 Archduke 1800 Champion 1801 Eleanor ♥ 1802 Tyrant 1803 Ditto 1804 Hannibal 1805 Cardinal Beaufort 1806 Paris 1807 Election 1808 Pan 1809 Pope 1810 Whalebone 1811 Phantom 1812 Octavius 1813 Smolensko 1814 Blucher 1815 Whisker 1816 Prince Leopold 1817 Azor 1818 Sam 1819 Tiresias 1820 Sailor 1821 Gustavus 1822 Moses 1823 Emilius 1824 Cedric 1825 Middleton 1826 Lap-dog 1827 Mameluke 1828 Cadland 1829 Frederick 1830 Priam 1831 Spaniel 1832 St. Giles 1833 Dangerous 1834 Plenipotentiary 1835 Mundig 1836 Bay Middleton 1837 Phosphorus 1838 Amato 1839 Bloomsbury 1840 Little Wonder 1841 Coronation 1842 Attila 1843 Cotherstone 1844 Orlando 1845 The Merry Monarch 1846 Pyrrhus The First 1847 Cossack 1848 Surplice 1849 The Flying Dutchman 1850 Voltigeur 1851 Teddington 1852 Daniel O'Rourke 1853 West Australian ₩ 1854 Andover 1855 Wild Dayrell 1856 Ellington 1857 Blink Bonny ♥ 1858 Beadsman 1859 Musjid 1860 Thormanby 1861 Kettledrum 1862 Caractacus 1863 Macaroni 1864 Blair Athol 1865 Gladiateur ₩ 1866 Lord Lyon ₩ 1867 Hermit 1868 Blue Gown 1869 Pretender 1870 Kingcraft 1871 Favonius 1872 Cremorne 1873 Doncaster 1874 George Frederick 1875 Galopin 1876 Kisber 1877 Silvio 1878 Sefton 1879 Sir Bevys 1880 Bend Or 1881 Iroquois 1882 Shotover ♥ 1883 St. Blaise 1884 St. Gatien Harvester 1885 Melton 1886 Ormonde ₩ 1887 Merry Hampton 1888 Ayrshire 1889 Donovan 1890 Sainfoin 1891 Common ₩ 1892 Sir Hugo 1893 Isinglass ₩ 1894 Ladas 1895 Sir Visto 1896 Persimmon 1897 Galtee More ₩ 1898 Jeddah 1899 Flying Fox ₩ 1900 Diamond Jubilee ₩ 1901 Volodyovski 1902 Ard Patrick 1903 Rock Sand ₩ 1904 St. Amant 1905 Cicero 1906 Spearmint 1907 Orby 1908 Signorinetta ♥ 1909 Minoru 1910 Lemberg 1911 Sunstar 1912 Tagalie ♥ 1913 Aboyeur 1914 Durbar 1915 Pommern ₩ 1916 Fifinella ♥ 1917 Gay Crusader ₩ 1918 Gainsborough ₩ 1919 Grand Parade 1920 Spion Kop 1921 Humorist 1922 Captain Cuttle 1923 Papyrus 1924 Sansovino 1925 Manna 1926 Coronach 1927 Call Boy 1928 Felstead 1929 Trigo 1930 Blenheim 1931 Cameronian 1932 April the Fifth 1933 Hyperion 1934 Windsor Lad 1935 Bahram ₩ 1936 Mahmoud 1937 Mid-day Sun 1938 Bois Roussel 1939 Blue Peter 1940 Pont l'Eveque 1941 Owen Tudor 1942 Watling Street 1943 Straight Deal 1944 Ocean Swell 1945 Dante 1946 Airborne 1947 Pearl Diver 1948 My Love 1949 Nimbus 1950 Galcador 1951 Arctic Prince 1952 Tulyar 1953 Pinza 1954 Never Say Die 1955 Phil Drake 1956 Lavandin 1957 Crepello 1958 Hard Ridden 1959 Parthia 1960 St Paddy 1961 Psidium 1962 Larkspur 1963 Relko 1964 Santa Claus 1965 Sea Bird 1966 Charlottown 1967 Royal Palace 1968 Sir Ivor 1969 Blakeney 1970 Nijinsky ₩ 1971 Mill Reef 1972 Roberto 1973 Morston 1974 Snow Knight 1975 Grundy 1976 Empery 1977 The Minstrel 1978 Shirley Heights 1979 Troy 1980 Henbit 1981 Shergar 1982 Golden Fleece 1983 Teenoso 1984 Secreto 1985 Slip Anchor 1986 Shahrastani 1987 Reference Point 1988 Kahyasi 1989 Nashwan 1990 Quest for Fame 1991 Generous 1992 Dr Devious 1993 Commander in Chief 1994 Erhaab 1995 Lammtarra 1996 Shaamit 1997 Benny the Dip 1998 High-Rise 1999 Oath 2000 Sinndar 2001 Galileo 2002 High Chaparral 2003 Kris Kin 2004 North Light 2005 Motivator 2006 Sir Percy 2007 Authorized 2008 New Approach 2009 Sea the Stars 2010 Workforce 2011 Pour Moi 2012 Camelot 2013 Ruler of the World 2014 Australia 2015 Golden Horn 2016 Harzand

Legend - ₩ = Triple Crown Winners, ♥ = Filly

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