Battle of Hefei (231)

Battle of Hefei
Part of the wars of the Three Kingdoms period
Date 231 CE Location Hefei, Anhui, China Result Cao Wei's strategical victory; Eastern Wu retreated
Belligerents
Cao Wei	Eastern Wu
Commanders and leaders
Man Chong Wang Ling	Sun Quan Sun Bu
Casualties and losses
Few	Unknown

Battle of Hefei
Traditional Chinese	合肥之戰
Simplified Chinese	合肥之战
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Héféi Zhī Zhàn

The Battle of Hefei was fought between the contending states of Cao Wei and Eastern Wu in 231 during the Three Kingdoms period.

Background

In 230, the state of Wei constructed a new fortress at Hefei to defend against its rival state of Wu. The fortress is referred to as "Xincheng" (新城; literally: "new city"). In 231, Sun Quan announced that he was going to attack the fortress again. Man Chong memorialized Cao Rui to summon soldiers from Yan and Yu provinces to help defend the city.

The battle

Indeed, the Wu emperor Sun Quan led an army to attack Hefei. Man Chong memorialized Cao Wei's emperor Cao Rui to summon soldiers from Yan( (covering present-day southwestern Shandong and eastern Henan) and Yu provinces(Nowaday part of Jiangsu) to help defend the city. Shortly after the troops arrived, Sun Quan retreated without attacking the city. One of Cao Rui's advisers, Xu Xuan, warned that this was their plan all along and that as soon as the troops were dispersed, Sun Quan would attack again. After around ten days, Sun Quan returned to besiege Hefei but Man Chong was fully prepared and easily repelled the assault.^[1]

Later on Sun Quan realized that he cannot take Hefei force, he then decided that since he had so much success with Zhou Fang's false defection at Battle of Shiting he would try exactly the same thing again. Sun Quan ordered his relative Sun Bu to pretend to defect to Wei in order to lure the Governor of Yang, Wang Ling, into a trap. Sun Quan set soldiers in ambush at Fuling. Sun Bu asked Wang Ling to send soldiers to take him to Wei. Wang Ling, in turn, requested permission from his superiors to do so. One of those superiors was Man Chong, who did not believe that Sun Bu's defection was true. Man Chong sent a letter (on behalf of Wang Ling) to Sun Bu saying that he was very pleased to hear that Sun Bu wanted to defect. He said, however, that he feared that if he sent too few troops, Sun Bu would not be protected and if he sent too many it would attract undue attention. Finally, he urged Sun Bu to think of some way to flee from Sun Quan quietly. At this time, Man Chong was commanded to visit Cao Rui. He ordered his Chief Clerk not to give Wang Ling soldiers with which to receive Sun Bu. Wang Ling could not obtain a large number of troops and so was able to send only a very small force to Sun Bu. They were ambushed and defeated, but due to Man Chong's foresight, the loss was negligible. and Sun Quan's strategy to eliminate the Wei forces in Hefei was failed^[2]

Aftermath

Man Chong was summoned to court. This was due to a memorial issued by Wang Ling, who evidently did not get along well with his superior. Wang Ling accused Man Chong of being too old and too fond of wine to be such an important administrator. Cao Rui summoned Man Chong so that he could judge for himself. When he met Man Chong, Cao Rui determined that he was perfectly fit for his work and thus allowed Man Chong to resume his position^[3]

Sources

• 资治通鉴Zizhi Tongjian/Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance

References

1. 资治通鉴Zizhi Tongjian: "Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance" Volume 4; years Taihe 4, 20
2. 资治通鉴Zizhi Tongjian: "Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance" Volume 4; years Taihe 5, 16
3. Zizhi Tongjian: "Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance" Volume 4; years Taihe 5, 17