Ilhas Cagarras

Ilhas Cagarras
Cagarras Islands

A view of Ipanema from Corcovado. The Cagarras Islands can be seen on the background, along with islands Redonda and Redondinha further at the back.
Map showing the location of Ilhas Cagarras
Nearest city Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Coordinates 23°01′49″S 43°12′01″W / 23.030278°S 43.200364°W / -23.030278; -43.200364Coordinates: 23°01′49″S 43°12′01″W / 23.030278°S 43.200364°W / -23.030278; -43.200364
Area 523 hectares (1,290 acres)
Designation Natural monument
Created 13 April 2010
Administrator Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation

The Ilhas Cagarras (Cagarras Islands) are an uninhabited archipelago located 5 km (3.1 miles) off Ipanema, a major beach of the southern coast of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. They have been designated a federal natural monument since 2010.

Location

The archipelago is in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. It has an area of 523 hectares (1,290 acres).[1] It is an important area for fisheries and tourism, and is subjected to upwelling of cold waters during summer.[2] The water quality is relatively poor due to its close proximity with Rio's city waste water disposal. The islands are nonetheless frequented by day excursions of eco-tourists. The archipelago consists of the following islands ("ilha" in Portuguese means island, "ilhota" = islet):

The first three are the largest. Ilha Cagarra, the island group's namesake, is the tallest (79m/259 ft.) and most visible from land. Although the islands Ilha Redonda and Ilha Redondinha are located nearby, they are not part of the Cagarras archipelago.

Origin of the name

There is no consensus among authors about the origin of the name of this archipelago. The most commonly accepted version says that the toponymy would be due to the large amount of excrement ( in Portuguese, "cagarra" ) of seabirds that live, nest and feed on these islands. After feeding mainly on fish, these birds excrete their feces, rich in calcium, on the rocky slopes of the islands, staining them white. This hue is clearly visible from the shore of Ipanema, one of the south beaches of Rio de Janeiro In 1730, Cory's Shearwater, its main island, appears on a nautical chart with a Frenchified name "Island Cagade." In another letter, dated 1767, the same appears with the island carrying its name in Portuguese: "Crappy Island." Another fact, at least curious, is that the name of the archipelago is also that of a bird that lives in the archipelagos of Madeira and the Azores (Portuguese territories): the shearwater or cagarro ("Calonectris diomedea") but is not found on Brazilian islands.

History of the Archipelago

The islands are situated in proximity to the discharge in the sea of sewage from almost all the South Zone of Rio de Janeiro, through the Ipanema canal, an important work of sanitary engineering built in the 1970s in accordance with the Protocol of Annapolis. CONAMA proposed making the Ilhas Cagarras Archipelago and Area of Relevant Ecological Interest on 14 September 1989, but nothing was done at the time.[3] Creation of the natural monument was due to the initiative of Mr Fernando Gabeira of the Green Party.

On 13 April 2010 the incumbent vice president José Alencar signed a decree creating the "Natural Monument Cagarras".[3] The purpose was to preserve the remnants of the island ecosystem in the Atlantic Forest domain, to preserve the scenic beauty, and to maintain a refuge and nesting area for migratory shorebirds. The monument consisted of the Cagarras, Palmas and Comprida islands and the Filhote da Cagarra islet, as well as the water for 10 metres (33 ft) around the land. Any activity that could damage the ecosystem or disturb the aquatic fauna and sea birds was prohibited.[3] The consultative council was created on 14 December 2010.[3]

References

  1. ↑ MONAT das Ilhas Cagarras – ISA, Informações gerais.
  2. ↑ J. Mar. Biol. Ass. 2004.
  3. 1 2 3 4 MONAT das Ilhas Cagarras – ISA, Historico Juridico.

Sources

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ilhas Cagarras.
  • J. Mar. Biol. Ass., U.K., 84: 681–687, 2004  Missing or empty |title= (help)
  • MONAT das Ilhas Cagarras (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-10-24 
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