Solanderiidae

Solanderiidae
the grey fan hydroid, Solanderia procumbens
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Phylum: Cnidaria
Subphylum: Medusozoa
Class: Hydrozoa
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Suborder: Capitata
Family: Solanderiidae
Marshall, 1892[1]
Genus: Solanderia
Duchassaing & Michelin, 1846
Synonyms[1]

Family-level:

  • Ceratelladae Gray, 1868

Genus-level:

  • Ceratella Gray, 1868
  • Chitina Carter, 1873
  • Dehitella Gray, 1868
  • Dendrocoryne Inaba, 1892
  • Spongiocladium Jäderholm, 1896

Solanderiidae is a family of cnidarians within the class Hydrozoa. According to the World Register of Marine Species, Solanderia is the only genus in this family.[1] They are commonly known as tree hydroids or sea fan hydroids.[2]

The gastropod genus Solanderia P. Fischer, 1879 is a junior homonym of Solanderia Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1846; its replacement name is Rossiteria Brazier, 1895).

Description

Solanderia sp. at Rakitu Island (Arid Island), Great Barrier Island, New Zealand

Solanderia hydroids forms large colonies.They are one of about 1000 species of athecate hydroids, which do not construct a skeletal covering for their polyps (as opposed to the thecate hydroids in the order Leptothecata.[2] The chitinous skeleton is internal, branches, and may form anastomoses. The skeleton is formed by coalescence and modification of adjacent hydrocauline tubes. The coenosarc covers the entire colony and penetrates skeletal interstices. The hydranths cover the whole colony surface and are uniform in structure, cylindrical, with a single whorl of capitate tentacles around the mouth. Numerous similar tentacles are scattered over the body. Solanderia is known from its polyp or hydroid stage, and produces gonophores which release sperm and eggs for reproduction. Where known, the gonophores are cryptomedusoid or eumedusoid, arising directly from the coenosarc.[3]

Ecology

Species of Solanderia are eaten by nudibranchs in the genus Hermosita and the family Pleurolidiidae.[4]

Species

Solanderia sp. Houhora Harbour, Northland, New Zealand

Solanderia contains the following species:[5]

Species brought into synonymy

References

  1. 1 2 3 Schuchert, P. (2015). Solanderiidae Marshall, 1892. In: Schuchert, P. (2015) World Hydrozoa database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-17
  2. 1 2 "Critter of the Week: Solanderia – the tree hydroid". NIWA. 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
  3. ↑ Pallas, P.S. (1766) Elenchus zoophytorum. Van Cleef, Hagae-Comitum, pp. 1-451 IDDOC=222048 in Schuchert, P. (2013) World Hydrozoa database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2013-08-12
  4. ↑ Carmona, L., Pola, M., Gosliner, T. M. & Cervera, J. L. (2015). Protaeolidiella atra Baba, 1955 versus Pleurolidia juliae Burn, 1966: One or two species? Helgoland Marine Research. doi:10.1007/s10152-014-0422-3
  5. ↑ Schuchert, P. (2015). Solanderia Duchassaing & Michelin, 1846. In: Schuchert, P. (2015) World Hydrozoa database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2015-12-17
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