Chrome (band)

Chrome

Chrome in 1980; Damon Edge (left) and Helios Creed (right)
Background information
Origin San Francisco, California, United States
Genres Acid punk, post-punk, industrial rock
Years active 1975–present
Labels Siren Records, Beggars Banquet, Don't Fall Off the Mountain, Subterranean Records, Mosquito, Dossier, Expanded Music, Atonal Records, Touch & Go Records, Cleopatra Records, Gearhead Records, Man's Ruin Records, King of Spades Records
Members Helios Creed, Aleph Omega, Tommy Grenas, Lou Minatti
Past members Damon Edge, Gary Spain, John Lambdin, Mike Low, John Stench, Hilary Stench, Fabienne Shine, Renaud Thorez, Patrick Imbert, Remy Devilla, Olivier Caudron, Bab, Plume, Cliff Martin, Pierre Roussel, Philippe Sautour, Paul Della Pelle, Nova Cain, Z. Silver, Tommy L. Cyborg, Rodney Dangerous

Chrome is an American acid punk[1] group founded in San Francisco, California in 1975.

Chrome took part of their inspiration for their rough and sometimes chaotic music from punk pioneers like The Stooges. The sound of the group was often coarse and featured heavy elements of feedback and distortion. Their experiments in mixing synthesized noise with rock instrumentation, marking them as part of the post-punk movement,[2][3][4] have been cited as a forerunner of industrial rock music.[5]

History

Chrome was formed in 1975 by Damon Edge (real name Thomas Wisse: drums, vocals, synths, production) and Gary Spain (bass guitar, violin) in San Francisco. They recorded and released their first album, The Visitation, along with John Lambdin (guitar) and Mike Low (guitar, vocals).[6] After recording The Visitation, Edge sent the album to Warner Brothers to see if they wanted to release the album. A Warner Brothers A&R representative told Edge that the album sounded like a "messed up Doors album"; to Damon Edge, this was a compliment. The label did not release the album, so Edge set up his own label, Siren Records. After the recording of the first album, singer Mike Low left the band, to be replaced by new guitarist Helios Creed.[6]

Chrome's commercial and artistic breakthrough came in 1977 with their second album, Alien Soundtracks. The album began as Ultra Soundtrack, a soundtrack for a radical San Francisco strip show, but was rejected for being too radical.[7] During recording, Chrome, aided by Creed's input, largely abandoned conventional rock compositions, instead employing cut-up and collage techniques and heavily processed sound to create a kind of sci-fi punk style. The album was given 4 out of 5 stars in the UK music paper Sounds, and Chrome began gradually to gain a cult reputation in the UK and in Europe.

After recording Alien Soundtracks, John Lambdin left the band. Their third studio album, Half Machine Lip Moves, was released in 1979. Half Machine Lip Moves continued in the vein of the previous album, but heavier, with Creed's feedback guitar more to the fore. Edge's rough and ready drumming on this album included hitting pieces of scrap metal. Half Machine Lip Moves remains their best known work, and was listed at No. 62 in The Wire list of "100 Records That Set the World on Fire (While No One Was Listening)".[8]

Half Machine Lip Moves and their 1979 EP Read Only Memory cemented the band's growing reputation in the UK and led to the band being signed to Beggars Banquet Records for their fourth album, Red Exposure. By this time Chrome consisted solely of Edge and Creed. The album marked a move away from the more frenetic style of the two previous albums, with more use of drum machines and synthesizers.

In 1980, Edge married Fabienne Shine. She went on to collaborate with him on several Chrome albums; her vocals appear on the album 3rd from the Sun.

After a further EP and single, Chrome again expanded to a quartet with the addition of the new rhythm section of John and Hilary Stench (real surname: Haines). This lineup existed circa 1980–1983, and produced the albums Blood on the Moon (1981) and 3rd from the Sun (1982), and the new material comprising the fifth LP of the 1982 Chrome Box set (subtitled Chronicles I and Chronicles II). The Chronicles material was also released in France as an album titled Raining Milk, and would later be reissued in much longer versions on the distinct albums Chronicles I and Chronicles II. The title track from 3rd from the Sun was covered by the band Prong on their 1989 album Beg to Differ.

In 1983, Edge moved to Paris. Shine introduced him to her band and a new lineup of Chrome was formed. Edge and his wife would later separate. Edge continued to release albums with various (mainly Europe-based) musicians under the Chrome moniker over the next decade.

In August 1995, Edge was found dead in his Redondo Beach apartment in California; the cause of death was heart failure. Edge had been in contact with Creed and talked about reforming Chrome.[9]

After she and Edge separated, Shine continued to compose songs. In 1997, after Edge's death, she released an album titled No Mad Nomad. The title referred to her late husband. In 2004, she began working and touring again with Creed.

A Creed-led version of Chrome that featured previous members John and Hilary Stench released a series of albums and toured between 1997 and 2001. Creed later reactivated the Chrome name again, issuing a new album, Feel It Like a Scientist, in 2014.

Musical style

While studying at the California Institute of the Arts, Edge became influenced in making unusual sounds; this progressed after a trip to Morocco where he heard a lot of Arabic music.[9] In his head he began putting a beat behind the music and started coming up with ideas for songs. Chrome's music contained a lot of atmosphere in the sound production, featuring three- and eight-note melodies, usually layered with an atonal drone backed by a rhythm section.[9] This sort of atmosphere was influenced by the music he had heard in Morocco. About six months after that trip, Edge began forming a band and recording his new music.[9] During the 1970s, Chrome's music did not fit into any particular music scene in America. People found it hard to know how to book the band, or deal with promoting and distributing their music.[9]

Discography

Original period

Edge/Creed period

The works of Edge and Creed together, in San Francisco

Studio albums
EPs
Singles
Compilations

Damon Edge period

Produced by Damon Edge in Europe

Studio albums
Live albums
Compilations

Helios Creed period

After Edge's death, Creed reformed Chrome with previous and new members.

Studio albums
EPs
Singles
Compilations

References

  1. ↑ Barr, Stuart (1993). "Helios Creed". Convulsion.
  2. ↑ http://dangerousminds.net/comments/stream_the_new_chrome_song_exclusively_on_dangerous_minds
  3. ↑ http://thequietus.com/articles/15284-chrome-interview-helios-creed
  4. ↑ http://www.popmatters.com/review/173372-chrome-half-machine-from-the-sun-the-lost-chrome-tapes-79-80/
  5. ↑ Bush, John. "Chrome – Music Biography, Credits and Discography : AllMusic". AllMusic. AllRovi. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  6. 1 2 "Official Chrome Website – History". staticwhitesound.com. May 30, 2002. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  7. ↑ "Julian Cope Presents Head Heritage | Unsung | Album of the Month | Chrome – Chromeology". headheritage.co.uk. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  8. ↑ "100 Records That Set the World on Fire (When No One Was Listening)". The Wire (175). September 1998.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Mullen, Andrew. "Damon Edge Memorial Site". damonedge.com. Retrieved May 6, 2013.

External links

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