Clostridium phytofermentans

Clostridium phytofermentans
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Division:	Firmicutes
Class:	Clostridia
Family:	Clostridiaceae
Genus:	Clostridium
Species:	Cl. phytofermentans
Binomial name
Clostridium phytofermentans Warnick et al. 2002

Clostridium phytofermentans is an obligately anaerobic, rod-shaped, gram-positive bacterium. It forms spherical spores. Strains of this species appear able to produce ethanol, acetate, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen gas by fermentation of cellulose, polygalacturonic acid, and other compounds common in plant biomass.^[1] The C. phytofermentans genome contains more than 100 potential hydrolases to perform this activity, though one hydrolase (Cphy3367) appears to be essential to the process. ^[2] A different cellobiohydrolase, CpCel48, has been isolated from this species and expressed in an active form within Bacillus subtilis. ^[3]

References

1. Thomas A Warnick, Barbara A Meth, and Susan B Leschine. Clostridium phytofermentans sp. nov., a cellulolytic mesophile from forest soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol July 2002 52:1155-60; doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02125-0.
2. Tolonen, Andrew C.; Chilaka, Amanda C.; Church, George M. (1 December 2009). "Targeted gene inactivation in Clostridium phytofermentans shows that cellulose degradation requires the family 9 hydrolase Cphy3367". Molecular Microbiology. 74 (6): 1300–1313. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06890.x.
3. Zhang, Xiao-Zhou; Zhang, Zuoming; Zhu, Zhiguang; Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon; Yang, Yunfeng; Zhang, Y.-H. Percival (15 October 2009). "The noncellulosomal family 48 cellobiohydrolase from Clostridium phytofermentans ISDg: heterologous expression, characterization, and processivity". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 86 (2): 525–533. doi:10.1007/s00253-009-2231-1.

• "Clostridium phytofermentans ISDg". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).

External links

• Type strain of Clostridium phytofermentans at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase