Conical refiner

The conical refiner is a machine used in the refining of pulp in the papermaking process. It may also be referred to as a Jordan refiner, after the American inventor Joseph Jordan who patented the device in 1858.^[1]

Jordan patent

The conical refiner is a chamber with metal bars mounted around the inside of the container. The material to be refined is pumped into the chamber at high-pressure rate in order to create an abrasive effect as the material is forced through the machine, abraided by the metal bars. At the opposite end of the chamber the resulting pulp is pumped out.^[2]

References

↑ Biermann, C (1996). Handbook of Pulping and Papermaking. Academic Press. p. 142. ISBN 9780080533681.
↑ Clapperton, R. H. (2014). The Paper-making Machine: Its Invention, Evolution, and Development. Elsevier. p. 197. ISBN 9781483279602.

Paper

History Manufacture/Papermaking

Types	Blotting Bond Construction Cotton Rag Crêpe Display Dó Asphalt Glassine India Korean Kraft Laid Manila Newsprint Oatmeal Onionskin Origami Baking Building Rice Rolling Security Seed Copy Tar Thermal Tissue Tracing Transfer Tree-free Wallpaper Washi Waterproof Wax Wood-free Wove Writing Xuan

Materials	Fiber crop Paper chemicals Papyrus Wood pulp Algal bloom (Shiro alga carta)

Specifications	Grammage Density Size Units of paper quantity Surface chemistry of paper Wet strength

Manufacture and process	Bleaching of wood pulp Calender Conical refiner Deinking Paper pollution Environmental impact of paper Hollander beater Kraft process Organosolv Paper cut Paper machine Paper recycling Soda pulping Sulfite process

Industry	Paper industry In Europe In Canada In India In Japan In the United States Paper mill List of paper mills

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