San Mateo County, California

San Mateo County, California
County
County of San Mateo

Seal
Motto: All of California in One County

Location in the state of California

California's location in the United States
Coordinates: 37°26′N 122°22′W / 37.44°N 122.36°W / 37.44; -122.36Coordinates: 37°26′N 122°22′W / 37.44°N 122.36°W / 37.44; -122.36
Country  United States
State  California
Region San Francisco Bay Area
Incorporated 19 April 1856[1]
Named for Saint Matthew (English translation)
County seat Redwood City
Largest city Daly City (population)
Redwood City (area)
Area
 • Total 744 sq mi (1,930 km2)
 • Land 448 sq mi (1,160 km2)
 • Water 293 sq mi (760 km2)
Highest elevation[2] 2,603 ft (793 m)
Population (April 1, 2010)[3]
 • Total 718,451
 • Estimate (2015)[3] 765,135
 • Density 1,693/sq mi (654/km2)
Time zone Pacific Time Zone (UTC-8)
 • Summer (DST) Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-7)
Area codes 415/628, 650
FIPS code 06-081
GNIS feature ID 277305
Website www.smcgov.org

San Mateo County (/ˌsæn məˈteɪ.oʊ/ SAN mə-TAY-oh; Spanish for "Saint Matthew") is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 718,451.[3] The county seat is Redwood City.[4]

San Mateo County is included in the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is part of the San Francisco Bay Area, the nine counties bordering San Francisco Bay. It covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula. San Francisco International Airport is located at the northern end of the county, and Silicon Valley begins at the southern end. The county's built-up areas are mostly suburban with some areas being very urban, and are home to several corporate campuses.

History

San Mateo County was formed in 1856 after San Francisco County, one of the state's 18 original counties since California's statehood in 1850, was split apart. Until 1856, San Francisco's city limits extended west to Divisadero Street and Castro Street, and south to 20th Street. In response to the lawlessness and vigilantism that escalated rapidly between 1855 and 1856, the California government decided to divide the county. A straight line was then drawn across the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula just north of San Bruno Mountain. Everything south of the line became the new San Mateo County while everything north of the line became the new consolidated City and County of San Francisco, to date the only consolidated city-county in California.[5][6] The consolidated city-county of San Francisco was formed by a bill introduced by Horace Hawes, signed by the governor on 19 April 1856. San Mateo County was officially organized on 18 April 1857 under a bill introduced by Senator T.G. Phelps. The 1857 bill defined the southern boundary of San Mateo County as following the south branch of San Francisquito Creek to its source in the Santa Cruz Mountains and thence due west to the Pacific Ocean, and named Redwood City as the county seat.[7] San Mateo County then annexed part of northern Santa Cruz County in March 1868, including Pescadero and Pigeon Point.[5][7]

Although the forming bill named Redwood City the county seat, a May 1856 election marked by "unblushing frauds ... perpetuated on an unorganized and wholly unprotected community by thugs and ballot stuffers from San Francisco" named Belmont the county seat.[8] The election results were declared illegal and the county government was moved to Redwood City, with land being donated from the original Pulgas Grant for the county government on 27 February 1858.[8] Redwood City's status as county seat was upheld in two succeeding elections in May 1861 and 9 December 1873, defeating San Mateo and Belmont.[8] Another election in May 1874 named San Mateo the county seat, but the state supreme court overturned that election on 24 February 1875 and the county seat has been in Redwood City since.[8]

San Mateo County bears the Spanish name for Saint Matthew. As a place name, San Mateo appears as early as 1776 and several local geographic features were also designated San Mateo on early maps including variously: a settlement, an arroyo, a headland jutting into the Pacific (Point Montara), and a large land holding (Rancho San Mateo). Until about 1850, the name appeared as San Matheo.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 741 square miles (1,920 km2), of which 448 square miles (1,160 km2) is land and 293 square miles (760 km2) (40%) is water.[9] It is the third-smallest county in California by land area. A number of bayside watercourses drain the eastern part of the county including San Bruno Creek and Colma Creek. Streams draining the western county include Frenchmans Creek, Pilarcitos Creek, Naples Creek, Arroyo de en Medio, and Denniston Creek. These streams originate along the northern spur of the Santa Cruz Mountains that run through the county. The northern and north-east parts of the county are very heavy densely populated with largely urban and suburban areas, with many of its cities as edge-cities for the Bay Area, whilst the deep south and the west central parts of the county are less heavy densely populated with more rural environment and coastal beaches areas.

Features

San Mateo County straddles the San Francisco Peninsula, with the Santa Cruz Mountains running its entire length. The county encompasses a variety of habitats including estuarine, marine, oak woodland, redwood forest, coastal scrub and oak savannah. There are numerous species of wildlife present, especially along the San Francisco Bay estuarine shoreline, San Bruno Mountain, Fitzgerald Marine Reserve and the forests on the Montara Mountain block. Several creeks discharge to the San Francisco Bay including San Mateo Creek and Laurel Creek and several coastal streams discharge to the Pacific Ocean such as Frenchmans Creek and San Vicente Creek.

Año Nuevo State Marine Conservation Area and Greyhound Rock State Marine Conservation Area are two adjoining marine protected areas off the coast of San Mateo County. Like underwater parks, these marine protected areas help conserve ocean wildlife and marine ecosystems.

Flora and fauna

The county is home to several endangered species including the San Francisco garter snake and the San Bruno elfin butterfly, both of which are endemic to San Mateo County. The endangered California clapper rail is also found on the shores of San Francisco Bay, in the cities of Belmont and San Mateo. The endangered wildflower Hickman's potentilla is found near the Pacific Ocean on the lower slopes of Montara Mountain. The endangered wildflowers White-rayed pentachaeta, Pentachaeta bellidiflora, San Mateo Woolly Sunflower, Eriophyllum latilobum, Marin Dwarf Flax, Hesperolinon congestum and the San Mateo Thornmint, Acanthomintha duttonii, are found in the vicinity of the Crystal Springs Reservoir.

In May 2014, a California condor was spotted near Pescadero, a coastal community south of San Francisco[10]—it was the first California condor spotted in San Mateo County since 1904.[10] The Condor, tagged with the number "597," and also known as "Lupine", is one of 439 condors living in the wild or captivity in California, Baja California and Arizona.[10][11] The three-year-old female flew more than 100 miles (160 km) north from Pinnacles National Park, in San Benito County, on May 30, and landed on a private, forested property near Pescadero, on the San Mateo County Coast, where it was photographed by a motion-activated wildlife camera.[10] Harold Heath, Professor Emeritus, of Stanford University was responsible for the 1904 sighting, 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the University campus.[10][12]

National protected areas

Marine protected area

County trails

See this county page for trail descriptions.

  • Alpine Trail
  • Bog Trail
  • Cañada Trail
  • Crystal Springs Trail
  • Edgewood Trail
  • Ralston Trail
  • San Andreas Trail
  • Sand Hill Trail
  • Sawyer Camp Trail
  • Skyline Trail
  • Sheep Camp Trail
  • Sweeney Ridge Trail
  • Hiking trails in San Mateo County

County parks

State parks

State beaches

Demographics

San Mateo County had one of the largest Tongan communities outside of Tonga, with an estimated 13,000 Tongan Americans.[14]

2011

Places by population, race, and income

2010

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18603,214—
18706,635106.4%
18808,66930.7%
189010,08716.4%
190012,09419.9%
191026,585119.8%
192036,78138.4%
193077,405110.4%
1940111,78244.4%
1950235,659110.8%
1960444,38788.6%
1970556,23425.2%
1980587,3295.6%
1990649,62310.6%
2000707,1618.9%
2010718,4511.6%
Est. 2015765,135[23]6.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[24]
1790–1960[25] 1900–1990[26]
1990–2000[27] 2010–2015[3]

The 2010 United States Census reported that San Mateo County had a population of 718,451. The racial makeup of San Mateo County was 383,535 (53.4%) White, 20,436 (2.8%) African American, 3,306 (0.5%) Native American, 178,118 (24.8%) Asian (9.8% Filipino, 9.0% Chinese, 1.9% Indian, 1.2% Japanese, 0.8% Korean, 0.5% Vietnamese, 0.3% Burmese, 0.1% Pakistani), 10,317 (1.4%) Pacific Islander (0.6% Tongan, 0.3% Samoan, 0.2% Fijian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian), 84,529 (11.8%) from other races, and 38,210 (5.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 182,502 persons (25.4%); 15.7% of San Mateo County is Mexican, 2.7% Salvadoran, 1.2% Guatemalan, 1.2% Nicaraguan, 0.7% Peruvian, 0.6% Puerto Rican, 0.2% Colombian, and 0.2% Cuban.[28]

2000

Age distribution (2000 census)

As of the census of 2009,[30] there were 714,936 people, 258,648 households, and 174,582 families residing in the county. The population density was 2,753/sq mi (825/km²). There were 284,471 housing units at an average density of 789/sq mi (432/km²). 7.4% were of Italian, 7.1% Irish, 7.0% German and 5.3% English ancestry according to Census 2000. 46.9% spoke English, 28.4% Spanish, 6.2% Tagalog, 4.0% Chinese or Mandarin and 1.1% Cantonese, and other language 4.2%, as their first language from estimate census 2009.

There were 258,648 households out of which 30% had children under the age of 18, 48.6% were married couples living together, 14.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.7% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.79 and the average family size was 4.44.

In the county, the population was spread out with 28.6% under the age of 18, 15.9% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 21% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.1 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $69,306, and the median income for a family was $77,737. Males had a median income of $48,342 versus $45,383 for females. The per capita income for the county was $36,045. About 6.42% of families and 9.51% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.01% of those under age 18 and 8.52% of those age 65 or over.

Government

San Mateo County has a five-member Board of Supervisors, representing five geographic districts, elected at-large until November 2012. On November 6, 2012, Measure B passed[31] to amend the San Mateo County Charter so that each member of the Board of Supervisors will cease to be elected by an at-large vote of all the voters in the County, but is instead elected only by the voters of his or her district.[32]

San Mateo County is split between California's 14th and 18th congressional districts, represented by Jackie Speier (D–Hillsborough) and Anna Eshoo (D–Atherton), respectively.[33]

In the California State Assembly, San Mateo County is split between three legislative districts:[34]

In the California State Senate, San Mateo is split between the 11th and 13th districts, represented by Scott Wiener and Jerry Hill, respectively.[35]

Politics

Voter registration

Cities by population and voter registration

Overview

San Mateo County Government Center in Redwood City, facing northwest
San Mateo County vote
by party in presidential elections
Year GOP DEM Others
2012 25.5% 72,756 72.1% 206,085 2.4% 6,879
2008 24.7% 75,057 73.5% 222,826 1.8% 5,409
2004 29.3% 83,315 69.5% 197,922 1.3% 3,620
2000 31.0% 80,296 64.3% 166,757 4.8% 12,346
1996 29.2% 73,508 60.6% 152,304 10.2% 25,720
1992 27.2% 75,080 54.0% 149,232 18.9% 52,196
1988 42.9% 109,261 55.7% 141,859 1.3% 3,360
1984 51.9% 135,185 46.9% 122,268 1.2% 3,178
1980 48.8% 116,491 36.6% 87,335 14.6% 34,811
1976 50.6% 117,338 44.4% 102,896 5.0% 11,507
1972 52.8% 135,377 42.8% 109,745 4.4% 11,175
1968 43.7% 98,654 47.2% 106,519 9.1% 20,495
1964 35.6% 77,916 64.3% 140,978 0.1% 297
1960 51.7% 104,570 48.0% 97,154 0.3% 528
1956 61.0% 100,049 38.8% 63,637 0.1% 217
1952 63.6% 92,279 36.0% 52,149 0.5% 651
1948 56.7% 48,909 39.7% 34,215 3.7% 3,148
1944 49.2% 33,590 50.6% 34,594 0.2% 158
1940 46.6% 26,539 52.4% 29,831 1.0% 581
1936 33.1% 13,650 65.7% 27,087 1.2% 511
1932 39.7% 13,442 56.4% 19,094 4.0% 1,343
1928 58.9% 14,360 40.0% 9,755 1.1% 277
1924 55.3% 8,126 5.2% 771 39.5% 5,805
1920 70.5% 7,205 19.2% 1,958 10.3% 1,054

The California Secretary of State, as of April 2008, reports that San Mateo County has 357,514 registered voters. Of those voters registered, 179,994 (50.4%) are registered Democratic, 82,189 (23.0%) are registered Republican, 13,648 (3.8%) are registered with other political parties, and 81,683 (22.8%) declined to state a political party preference. With the exceptions of Atherton and Hillsborough, every city, town, and the unincorporated areas of San Mateo County has more registered Democrats than Republicans.

San Mateo is a strongly Democratic county in presidential and congressional elections. The last Republican to win a majority in the county was Ronald Reagan in 1984.

On Nov. 4, 2008 San Mateo County voted 61.8% against Proposition 8, which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages.[37]

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Cities by population and crime rates

Economy

A July 2013 Wall Street Journal article identified the Facebook initial public offering (IPO) as the cause of a change in the U.S.' national economic statistics, as San Mateo County—the home of the company—became the top wage-earning county in the country after the fourth quarter of 2012. The article revealed that the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the average weekly wage in the county was US$3,240, which is 107% higher than the previous year: "That’s the equivalent of $168,000 a year, and more than 50% higher than the next highest county, New York County (better known as Manhattan), which came in at $2,107 a week, or roughly $110,000 a year."[40]

Additionally, San Mateo County hosts the headquarters of Oracle Corporation, Visa Inc, Sony Computer Entertainment America, Electronic Arts, Youtube, Genentech, and Gilead Sciences, as well as a hub of venture capital firms in Menlo Park and several other technology related companies.

In 2016, Peninsula Clean Energy began providing electricity to 20 percent of residential customers, all municipalities, and all small- to mid-size businesses in the county, as a Community Choice Aggregation program, an alternative to Pacific Gas and Electric.[41]

Education

The people of San Mateo county may use the services of the Peninsula Library System and its dozens of branches, bookmobile and Library-a-Go-Go machine at the Millbrae BART/Caltrain station.

The county is broken up into several public school districts in addition to the local Catholic diocese and many other private parochial and secular schools. The San Mateo County Board of Education oversees early education, special education, and the court and community schools program in the county, as well as serves as an appeal board for the adjudication of expulsion appeals, interdistrict attendance appeals, and Charter Schools.

Some students in San Mateo County's public schools attend outdoor education in La Honda. San Mateo Outdoor Education is a residential school that teaches major concepts of ecology via exploration of forest, pond, garden, tidepool, wetland, and sandy shore habitats.[42] The center's mascot is the banana slug, a large yellow gastropod. The school uses songs from the famous Banana Slug String Band.

Transportation

Major highways

Public transportation

SamTrans (San Mateo County Transit District) provides local bus service within San Mateo County. Local and commuter bus routes also operate into San Francisco.

Caltrain, the commuter rail system, traverses the county from north to south, running alongside the Highway 101 corridor for most of the way.

Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) trains serve San Francisco International Airport and the northern portion of the county, terminating at Millbrae.

Caltrain, BART, and SamTrans converge at the Millbrae Intermodal station.

Airports

San Francisco International Airport is geographically located in San Mateo County, but it is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco.

San Mateo County does own two general aviation airports: Half Moon Bay Airport and San Carlos Airport.[43]

Marine transport

The only deepwater port in South San Francisco Bay is the Port of Redwood City, situated along Redwood Creek, originally created as a lumber embarcadero in 1850. The San Mateo Harbor Harbor District manages the Pillar Point Harbor and Oyster Point Marina. Ferry connections connect Oyster Point to Jack London Square in Oakland and the Alameda Ferry Terminal in Alameda.

Notable structures

There are a number of well known structures within San Mateo County:

Communities

Cities

Towns

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of San Mateo County.[45]

† county seat

Rank City/Town/etc. Municipal type Population (2010 Census)

1 Daly City City 101,123
2 San Mateo City 97,207
3 † Redwood City City 76,815
4 South San Francisco City 63,632
5 San Bruno City 41,114
6 Pacifica City 37,234
7 Menlo Park City 32,026
8 Foster City City 30,567
9 Burlingame City 28,806
10 San Carlos City 28,406
11 East Palo Alto City 28,155
12 Belmont City 25,835
13 Millbrae City 21,532
14 North Fair Oaks CDP 14,687
15 Half Moon Bay City 11,324
16 Hillsborough Town 10,825
17 Atherton Town 6,914
18 El Granada CDP 5,467
19 Woodside Town 5,287
20 Portola Valley Town 4,353
21 Brisbane City 4,282
22 Emerald Lake Hills CDP 4,278
23 Broadmoor CDP 4,176
24 Highlands-Baywood Park CDP 4,027
25 West Menlo Park CDP 3,659
26 Moss Beach CDP 3,103
27 Montara CDP 2,909
28 Colma Town 1,792
29 Ladera CDP 1,426
30 La Honda CDP 928
31 Pescadero CDP 643
32 Loma Mar CDP 113

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Other = Some other race + Two or more races
  2. ↑ Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
  3. 1 2 Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
  4. ↑ Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.

References

  1. ↑ "San Mateo County". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
  2. ↑ "Long Ridge". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 9 February 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 6, 2016.
  4. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  5. 1 2 "California Maps". CA Genealogy. 1856. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013.
  6. ↑ "Board of Supervisors – Does San Francisco have a City Council?". SFGov SF311. Archived from the original on 26 July 2010. Retrieved 16 June 2008.
  7. 1 2 Alexander, Philip W.; Hamm, Charles P. (1916). History of San Mateo County: from the earliest times with a description of its resources and advantages; and the biographies of its representative men. Burlingame, California: Burlingame Publishing Company. p. 22. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Alexander & Hamm (1916), p. 24.
  9. ↑ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 P. Rogers (14 June 2014). "First California condor spotted in San Mateo County since 1904". Vallejo Times Herald. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
  11. ↑ "California Condor Recovery Program (monthly status report)" (PDF). National Park Service. 30 June 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  12. ↑ "Memorial Resolution Harold Heath (1868 – 1951)" (PDF). Historical Society Stanford. 1951. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  13. ↑ "Department of Parks". County of San Mateo. San Mateo County. 2008–2012. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
  14. ↑ "Tongans mourn passing of king". San Mateo Daily Journal. 2012-03-20. Retrieved 2012-03-31.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  16. 1 2 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B03003. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-26.
  17. 1 2 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19301. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  18. 1 2 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19013. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  19. 1 2 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19113. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  20. 1 2 U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  21. ↑ U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B01003. American FactFinder. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
  22. ↑ Data unavailable
  23. ↑ "County Totals Dataset: Population, Population Change and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  24. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
  25. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
  26. ↑ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
  27. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
  28. ↑ "2010 Census P.L. 94-171 Summary File Data". United States Census Bureau.
  29. ↑ http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov "Demographic Profile Bay Area Census" Check |url= value (help).
  30. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.
  31. ↑ "Election Results November 6, 2012 Presidential General Election". Shape the Future. Vote!. Registration & Elections Division. 6 November 2012. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
  32. ↑ "Measure B" (PDF). San Mateo County. Registration & Elections Division. August 2012. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
  33. ↑ "California's 14th Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
  34. ↑ "Communities of Interest — County". California Citizens Redistricting Commission. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  35. ↑ "Communities of Interest — County". California Citizens Redistricting Commission. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 California Secretary of State. February 10, 2013 - Report of Registration. Retrieved 2013-10-31.
  37. ↑ California Secretary of State. "State Ballot Measures (Proposition Numbers 1A-12) by County" (PDF). Retrieved 14 June 2009.
  38. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Office of the Attorney General, Department of Justice, State of California. Table 11: Crimes – 2009. Retrieved 2013-11-14.
  39. 1 2 3 United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. Crime in the United States, 2012, Table 8 (California). Retrieved 2013-11-14.
  40. ↑ Scott Thurm (2 July 2013). "How Facebook's IPO Created the Best-Paid County In America". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
  41. ↑
  42. ↑ San Mateo County Office of Education. "Information for Parents About Outdoor Education". Retrieved 14 June 2010.
  43. ↑ San Mateo County Public Works. "San Mateo County – Public Works – General Aviation Airports". Retrieved 14 June 2010.
  44. ↑ "Discovering our Maritime History at the San Mateo County Historical Museum". San Mateo Daily Journal. Retrieved 2016-03-30.
  45. ↑ http://www.census.gov/2010census/
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