Dacian Cioloș

Dacian Cioloș
64th Prime Minister of Romania
Incumbent
Assumed office 17 November 2015
President	Klaus Iohannis
Preceded by	Sorin Cîmpeanu (Acting)
European Commissioner for Agriculture and Rural Development
In office 9 February 2010 – 1 November 2014
President	José Manuel Barroso
Preceded by	Mariann Fischer Boel
Succeeded by	Phil Hogan
Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development
In office 5 August 2007 – 22 December 2008
Prime Minister	Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu
Preceded by	Decebal Traian Remeș
Succeeded by	Ilie Sârbu
Personal details
Born	27 July 1969 Zalău, Romania
Political party	Independent
Spouse(s)	Valérie Villemin (m. 2000)
Alma mater	University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine École nationale supérieure agronomique University of Montpellier 1

Dacian Julien Cioloș (Romanian pronunciation: [dat͡ʃiˈan ˈt͡ʃjoloʃ]; born 27 July 1969) is a Romanian agronomist who is currently serving as Prime Minister of Romania. In the Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu cabinet, he was Agriculture Minister from October 2007 to December 2008. In November 2009, European Commission President José Manuel Barroso nominated him to be the next Agriculture Commissioner, a post he assumed in February 2010 and held until his term expired in November 2014. In November 2015, President Klaus Iohannis named him Prime Minister, and Cioloș assumed office after receiving approval from Parliament.

Biography

Background and government career

He was born in Zalău, but spent much of his childhood with his grandparents in nearby Pericei village, where he developed an interest in farming. After graduating from the agricultural high school in Șimleu Silvaniei in 1987, he attended the Faculty of Horticulture at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, earning a horticultural engineer's degree in 1994.^[1] He also holds degrees in the economy of agricultural development from the École nationale supérieure agronomique de Rennes and from the University of Montpellier 1, where he respectively earned a master's in 1997 and a doctorate in 2006. He has belonged to the agricultural think tank Groupe de Bruges since 2000.^[2] Although in Romania Cioloș is a political independent,^[3][4] he is affiliated with the European People's Party (EPP) at the European level.^[5][6]

From 1991 to 1996, Cioloș completed thirteen months' worth of internships on organic farms in the French region of Brittany. In the summer of 1995, he prepared a rural development project between Savoie and Argeș County, while working at the Aveyron agricultural chamber of commerce in Rodez during 1997, studying agricultural and rural development in the northern part of that department. In 1997 and 1999, he interned as an agro-economist at the European Commission's Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development in Brussels, helping prepare the Special Accession Programme for Agriculture and Rural Development (SAPARD). In 1998-1999, he directed a local rural development programme in Argeș County, again cooperating with Savoie. From 1999 to 2001, he worked at two agricultural development agencies in France, coordinating joint programmes with Romania in that field. From 2002 to 2003, as part of the European Commission's delegation to Romania, he helped manage SAPARD's implementation in his native country. From January 2005 to May 2007, he was an adviser to Romania's Agriculture Minister, and a representative in the Council of the European Union's Special Committee on Agriculture. From May to October 2007, he was undersecretary of state for European affairs at the ministry.^[2] Following the resignation of Decebal Traian Remeș due to a corruption scandal,^[7] he was appointed Agriculture Minister in October 2007, serving until the following December, when Tăriceanu's National Liberal Party-led government left office after a parliamentary election.^[8] Early in 2009, he returned to work at the Agriculture and Rural Development DG,^[9] and that July, President Traian Băsescu named him to head a one-year commission looking at public agricultural development policies.^[10]

Nomination and term as EU Commissioner for Agriculture

In October 2009, the Emil Boc government, which hopes to secure the Agriculture portfolio in the second Barroso Commission, nominated Cioloș as Romania's EU Commissioner.^[11] The proposal was criticised by the opposition Liberals and Social Democrats, who saw it as a last-ditch maneuver by a government on the brink of collapse, as well as by the Party of European Socialists, who believe the position ought to go to a Social Democrat.^[4] Boc's cabinet did indeed collapse the day after nominating Cioloș, when it lost a motion of no confidence.^[12]

Cioloș in September 2010 as Commissioner for Agriculture

Cioloș at the October 2012 EPP Congress

At the end of November, Barroso nominated Cioloș to the Agriculture position, observing that he was the "most competent" of those submitted for consideration, and lauding his "modern vision" of agriculture and rural development.^[13][14] The British magazine Farmers Weekly considered the nomination "a controversial choice", citing recent mismanagement by Romania of EU funds, but also acknowledged his "broad agricultural experience".^[15] England and Wales' National Farmers Union as well as Scotland's NFU welcomed the appointment.^[16] Italian Minister of Agriculture Luca Zaia^[17] and French President Nicolas Sarkozy likewise congratulated Cioloș.^[18] German news agency Deutsche Presse-Agentur and British newspaper The Independent both criticised the nomination due to the funds mismanagement issue, with French daily Ouest-France alleging that the cause of British indignation was the perception that Cioloș would be akin to a second French EU Commissioner, given his close ties to that country.^[19]

After winning approval from the European Parliament in February 2010,^[20] Cioloş set forth his priority: maintaining a "thriving agricultural sector" in order to ensure food security, environmental preservation and protection of the countryside, help combat global warming and maintain a "fair standard of living" for farmers. As part of this objective, he promised to continue adapting and restructuring the Common Agricultural Policy.^[21]

In July 2015, Barroso's successor Jean-Claude Juncker named Cioloș as his special adviser on international food security.^[22]

As Prime Minister

In November 2015, Prime Minister Victor Ponta resigned following protests sparked by a deadly nightclub fire, and President Klaus Iohannis appointed Cioloș as his successor.^[23] The latter proposed a technocratic cabinet composed of twenty-one members, a third of them women.^[24] The cabinet won approval from Parliament on a 389–115 vote: the main Social Democrats and National Liberals were both in favor, although a number of legislators from the former party defied the leadership to vote against the cabinet. Additionally, the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats was opposed.^[25][26]

Personal life

In 2000, Cioloș married Valérie Villemin, a French agriculture expert he met while studying in her country. The ceremony took place in his grandparents' village of Pericei. The couple have no children.^[27][28][29] He has a younger brother, Sorin.^[30] Cioloș is a member of the Romanian Orthodox Church.^[29]

References

1. (Romanian) Alina Pop, "Dacian Cioloş, de pe hotarul din Pericei la Palatul Victoria" ("Dacian Cioloş, from the Pericei Border to Victoria Palace"), Adevărul, 10 November 2015; accessed 8 December 2015
2. (Romanian) Profile at the Romanian Government site; accessed October 12, 2009
3. (Romanian) Steliana Bancu, "Dacian Cioloș refuză postul de secretar de stat la Agricultură și pleacă la Bruxelles" ("Dacian Cioloș Refuses State Secretary Post at Agriculture Ministry and Leaves for Brussels"), Gardianul, 9 January 2009; accessed October 12, 2009
4. (Romanian) Dan Carp, "Cioloș aruncat în luptă" ("Cioloș Thrown into Battle"), Ziua, 13 October 2009; accessed 13 October 2009
5. "Barroso gets new EU Commission team", BBC News, 25 November 2009; accessed November 28, 2009
6. "Barroso II: 13 EPP Commissioners receive key portfolios", European People's Party, 27 November 2009; accessed November 28, 2009
7. (Romanian) "Tăriceanu a transmis Președinției nominalizarea lui Dacian Cioloș ca ministru al Agriculturii" ("Tăriceanu Transmits to the Presidency the Nomination of Dacian Cioloș as Agriculture Minister"), Mediafax, 12 October 2007; accessed October 12, 2009
8. (Romanian) Guvernul Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu, Agerpres; accessed 12 October 2009
9. (Romanian) Cristi Ciupercă, Clarice Dinu, "Boc i-a trimis lui Băsescu nominalizarea lui Cioloș" ("Boc Sends Băsescu Cioloș' Nomination"), Evenimentul Zilei, 13 October 2009; accessed 13 October 2009
10. (Romanian) Dan Odagiu, "Cine este Dacian Cioloș?" ("Who Is Dacian Cioloș?"), Cotidianul, 28 November 2009; accessed 28 November 2009
11. (Romanian) "Dacian Cioloș, candidatul României pentru postul de comisar european" ("Dacian Cioloș, Romania's Candidate for European Commissioner"), Mediafax, 12 October 2009; accessed October 12, 2009
12. (Romanian) "Guvernul Boc 2 a fost demis" ("Boc 2 Government Dismissed"), Mediafax, 13 October 2009; accessed 13 October 2009
13. (Romanian) "Dacian Cioloș, comisar european pentru Agricultură" ("Dacian Cioloș, European Commissioner for Agriculture"), Evenimentul Zilei, 27 November 2009; accessed November 27, 2009
14. Joshua Chaffin (27 November 2009). "Barroso spells out new Commission's agenda". Financial Times.
15. Philip Clarke (27 November 2009). "Romanian takes EU's top agriculture job". Farmers Weekly.
16. Alistair Driver (27 November 2009). "Romanian to take over as EU farm chief". Farmers Guardian.
17. (Romanian) "Ministrul italian al agriculturii îl felicită pe Cioloș pentru portofoliul atribuit în CE" ("Italian Agriculture Minister Congratulates Cioloș for Portfolio Handed to Him in EC"), Cotidianul, 28 November 2009; accessed 28 November 2009
18. (Romanian) "Sarkozy salută nominalizarea lui Cioloș la funcția de comisar pentru agricultură" ("Sarkozy Salutes Cioloș' Nomination as Agriculture Commissioner"), Cotidianul, 28 November 2009; accessed 28 November 2009
19. (Romanian) Mariana Apostol, "Nemții și britanicii și-au înfipt colții în Cioloș" ("Germans and British Attack Cioloș"), Evenimentul Zilei, 29 November 2009; accessed 29 November 2009
20. "Euro MPs back new European Commission", BBC News Online, 9 February 2010; accessed 20 September 2010
21. Mandate at the Agriculture and Rural Development Commissioner's site; accessed 20 September 2010
22. (Romanian) Mădălina Mihalache, "Preşedintele Comisiei Europene, Jean Claude-Juncker, l-a numit consilier pe Dacian Cioloş" ("European Commission President Jean Claude-Juncker Names Dacian Cioloş Adviser"), Adevărul, 1 July 2015; accessed 9 July 2015
23. (Romanian) Mădălina Mihalache, Sebastian Zachmann, "Dacian Cioloş, premierul ales de Klaus Iohannis" ("Dacian Cioloş, the Premier Selected by Klaus Iohannis"), Adevărul, 10 November 2015; accessed 8 December 2015
24. (Romanian) Vasile Măgrădean, "Cine sunt miniştrii propuşi de premierul desemnat" ("Who Are the Ministers Proposed by the Designated Premier"), Mediafax, 15 November 2015; accessed 8 December 2015
25. (Romanian) Mădălina Mihalache, Sebastian Zachmann, Radu Eremia, "Guvernul Cioloş a fost votat de o majoritate lejeră" ("Cioloş Government Approved with Wide Majority"), Adevărul, 17 November 2015; accessed 8 December 2015
26. (Romanian) Cătălina Mănoiu, "ALDE nu votează Cabinetul Cioloş" ("ALDE Not Voting for Cioloş Cabinet"), Mediafax, 16 November 2015; accessed 8 December 2015
27. (Romanian) "Soţia premierului nu este româncă" ("Premier's Wife Is Not Romanian"), Capital.ro, 11 November 2015; accessed 8 December 2015
28. (Romanian) Anca Simionescu, "Ce planuri are Dacian Cioloș pentru românii din afara graniţelor" ("Dacian Cioloș' Plans for Romanians Abroad"), Evenimentul Zilei, 5 December 2015; accessed 8 December 2015
29. (Romanian) Radu Eremia, "Cioloş, despre religia sa: Eu sunt creştin-ortodox" ("Cioloş, about His Religion: I Am an Orthodox Christian"), Adevărul, 22 November 2015; accessed 8 December 2015
30. (Romanian) Alina Pop, "Dacian Cioloş, 'povestit' de vecinii din satul natal" ("Dacian Cioloş, as Told by Native Village Neighbors"), Adevărul, 15 November 2015; accessed 8 December 2015

External links

• Curriculum Vitae at the European Commission site