December 1928

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The following events occurred in December 1928:

December 1, 1928 (Saturday)

• The Talca earthquake struck Chile, killing 279.^[1]
• The Hamilton Tigers won the 16th Grey Cup of Canadian football with a 30–0 win over the Regina Roughriders.
• President-elect Herbert Hoover visited Ecuador.^[2]
• Estelle Manville, daughter of American industrialist Hiram Manville, married Count Folke Bernadotte of Sweden, the nephew of King Gustav V, in a lavish $750,000 ceremony in Pleasantville, New York.^[3]
• Died: Arthur Gore, 60, British tennis player; José Eustasio Rivera, 40, Colombian writer

December 2, 1928 (Sunday)

• Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester joined his brother Edward in abandoning an African trip to rush the bedside of the ailing King.^[4]
• The Frank Lloyd-directed sound film Adoration starring Billie Dove was released.

December 3, 1928 (Monday)

• The physicians of George V issued an early morning bulletin stating that oxygen had been administered to the King during the night.^[5]
• The Firestone Hour, a classical music program, was first broadcast on the NBC Radio network.

December 4, 1928 (Tuesday)

• Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin announced in the House of Commons that a six-person council headed by Queen Mary had been appointed to handle George V's duties.^[6][7]
• U.S. President Calvin Coolidge delivered his sixth and final State of the Union message to Congress. As with all his previous messages except the first, it was a written rather than oral statement.^[8] "The country can regard the present with satisfaction and anticipate the future with optimism", the message read. "The country is in the midst of an era of prosperity more extensive and of peace more permanent than it has ever before experienced. But, having reached this position, we should not fail to comprehend that it can easily be lost."^[9]
• Cosmo Gordon Lang was installed as the new Archbishop of Canterbury.^[10]
• The musical comedy Whoopee! by Walter Donaldson and Gus Kahn premiered at the New Amsterdam Theatre on Broadway.^[11]

December 5, 1928 (Wednesday)

• Herbert Hoover visited Peru.^[12]
• England won the 1st Test cricket match against Australia by a record 675 runs.^[13]

December 6, 1928 (Thursday)

• The Banana massacre occurred in Ciénaga, Magdalena, Colombia when the army fired on striking workers for the United Fruit Company.
• The government of New Zealand Prime Minister Gordon Coates fell on a motion of no confidence.^[4]
• Paraguyan and Bolivian forces clashed in the disputed Gran Chaco region.^[14]

December 7, 1928 (Friday)

• Fascist Italy passed a decree putting an aristocrat's estate into the hands of a special agricultural board. The aristocrat had failed to comply with a government demand that estate holders must cultivate their lands extensively to help the country increase its farming production.^[15]
• Born: Noam Chomsky, linguist, philosopher and activist, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

December 8, 1928 (Saturday)

• After several days of losses, the crashing New York Stock Exchange bottomed out with a mass selling spree. Between Wednesday and Saturday the Dow Jones Industrial Average lost 33 points and the six market leaders alone lost over $800 million of their value on paper. Big single-day losses on Saturday included Radio Corporation of America (72 points), Wright Aeronautical (26 points), Montgomery Ward (24 points) and Kolster Radio (17 points).^[16][17]
• The U.S. District Court for the Western District of New York ruled that making wine at home, or selling concentrated grapes with instructions for making wine from them at home, was permitted under Section 29 of the Volstead Act.^[18]

December 9, 1928 (Sunday)

• Italy passed a new law giving the Grand Council of Fascism the right to approve the succession to the throne, as well as the monarch's powers. King Victor Emmanuel III was opposed to the law, but did little except grumble.^[19]
• The dramatic play Journey's End by R. C. Sherriff was first performed at the Apollo Theatre in London.
• The partly talking romantic drama film The Barker, statring Milton Sills and Dorothy Mackaill, was released.
• Born: Joe DeMaestri, baeseball player, in San Francisco, California; Dick Van Patten, actor, in Kew Gardens, Queens, New York

December 10, 1928 (Monday)

• The 1928 Nobel Prizes were awarded. The recipients were Owen Richardson of the United Kingdom for Physics, Adolf Windhaus of Germany (Chemistry), Charles Nicolle of France (Medicine) and Sigrid Undset of Norway (Literature). The Peace Prize was not awarded.^[13]
• Montreal General Hospital was badly damaged in a fire.^[4]
• Herbert Hoover visited Chile.^[20]
• Joseph Ward became the 17th Prime Minister of New Zealand for the second time.
• The British ocean liner RMS Celtic ran aground on the Cow and Calf Rocks, off Cobh, County Cork, Ireland. Subsequent attempts to free the ship failed so it was abandoned as a total loss.^[21]
• Died: Charles Rennie Mackintosh, 60, Scottish architect

December 11, 1928 (Tuesday)

• Edward, Prince of Wales reached the bedside of ailing George V, whose condition remained grave.^[22]
• During a National League meeting, President John Heydler proposed that baseball have a designated hitter rule. John McGraw approved of the idea, but it had little support otherwise, as run scoring was already at high levels at the time.^[23]
• Died: Lewis Howard Latimer, 80, African-American inventor

December 12, 1928 (Wednesday)

• Two operations were performed on George V to drain his right lung.^[24]
• Elections were held for the Romanian Chamber of Deputies; an alliance led by the National Peasants' Party won by a landslide, dealing a crushing defeat to Vintilă Brătianu's National Liberal Party.^[25]

December 13, 1928 (Thursday)

• Medical authorities gave George V a good chance for recovery, the two operations having appeared to have saved his life.^[26]
• George Gershwin's An American in Paris was first performed in Carnegie Hall.
• Herbert Hoover visited Argentina, arriving in Buenos Aires by train.^[27]
• The clip-on tie was invented.^[28]

December 14, 1928 (Friday)

• The U.S. Senate passed the Boulder Dam Bill, 64 to 11.^[29]
• Bolivian soldiers seized Fort Boquerón from Paraguay in the disputed Gran Chaco region.^[30]
• Died: Theodore Roberts, 67, American actor

December 15, 1928 (Saturday)

• Bolivia called up its reserves and bombed Bahia Negra from the air, but none of the bombs dropped actually exploded.^[30]
• A closing session at the League of Nations turned into a shouting match between German Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann and his Polish counterpart August Zaleski, over Poland's treatment of German minorities in Polish Upper Silesia.^[31]
• Rotary International was banned in Fascist Italy.^[32]
• Born: Friedensreich Hundertwasser, artist and architect, in Vienna, Austria (d. 2000)

December 16, 1928 (Sunday)

• Paraguay issued orders to mobilize its army.^[33]
• Herbert Hoover arrived in Uruguay, sailing into Montevideo at sunset.^[34]
• Born: Philip K. Dick, writer and philosopher, in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1982)
• Died: Elinor Wylie, 43, American poet and novelist

December 17, 1928 (Monday)

• Aristide Briand of the council of the League of Nations said he would immediately convoke a special council session in Paris if either Bolivia or Paraguay formally declared war.^[33]
• Paraguay accepted an offer of mediation from the Pan-American Congress.^[35]
• Orville Wright was honored in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina on the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Wright brothers' historic flight, as a granite boulder was unveiled to mark the spot of the flight and the cornerstone of a government memorial was laid. Secretary of War Dwight F. Davis, Governor Angus Wilton McLean, National Aeronautic Association President Hiram Bingham and aviator Amelia Earhart were all in attendance.^[36][37]
• Born: George Lindsey, actor, in Fairfield, Alabama (d. 2012)
• Died: Eglantyne Jebb, 52, British social reformer and founder of Save the Children

December 18, 1928 (Tuesday)

• Bolivia accepted mediation in the conflict with Paraguay.^[38]
• Born: Sputnik Monroe, professional wrestler, in Dodge City, Kansas (d. 2006)

December 19, 1928 (Wednesday)

• The Comintern, in an open letter to the Communist Party of Germany, called for the expulsion of Heinrich Brandler and forbade conciliation with the Right Opposition.^[39]
• Born: Eve Bunting, writer, in Maghera, Northern Ireland

December 20, 1928 (Thursday)

• Sir Hubert Wilkins and Carl Ben Eielson mapped out 40 miles of previously uncharted territory in Antarctica from the air during a 10-hour flight. Casey Glacier, Stefansson Strait, Hearst Island, Mobiloil Inlet, Scripps Heights, Cape Northrop, Wilkins Coast and Eielson Peninsula were among the many topographical features discovered and named. The flyers also dropped a territorial claim on behalf of the British government.^[40][41]

December 21, 1928 (Friday)

• U.S. President Calvin Coolidge signed the Boulder Dam Bill into law, pending ratification by the states involved.^[42]
• Herbert Hoover visited Rio de Janeiro, Brazil the final stop of his Latin American goodwill tour.^[43]

December 22, 1928 (Saturday)

• Former U.S. Representative John W. Langley of Kentucky was granted a full presidential pardon by Calvin Coolidge for illegally allowing alcohol to be transported.^[44]
• Died: Michael F. Collins, 74, American newspaper publisher and politician

December 23, 1928 (Sunday)

• Herbert Hoover departed Rio de Janeiro, ending his goodwill tour of Latin America.^[45]
• In Chattanooga, Tennessee, 4 were killed when a plane bound for Atlanta crashed into a dwelling two minutes after takeoff. A fifth passenger survived.^[46]

December 24, 1928 (Monday)

• Fascist Italy passed a law for the draining of the Pontine Marshes.^[13]
• The Craig Theatre opened in New York City.
• The Byrd Theatre opened in Richmond, Virginia.

December 25, 1928 (Tuesday)

• The Western talking film In Old Arizona, starring Warner Baxter, premiered at the Fox West Coast Criterion Theatre in Los Angeles. It was the first talkie to be filmed outdoors.^[47]
• Born: Irish McCalla, actress and artist, in Pawnee City, Nebraska (d. 2002); Dick Miller, character actor, in the Bronx, New York
• Died: Fred Thomson, 38, American silent film actor (tetanus)

December 26, 1928 (Wednesday)

• Dubble Bubble Gum, the first brand of chewing gum that allowed for blowing bubbles, was first sold.^[48]

December 27, 1928 (Thursday)

• Sabateurs derailed a train on the Santa Fe Railway at Hesperia, California. Two were injured but there were no fatalities.^[49]
• Benito Mussolini notified all ministers and public officials not to call his office on January 1 with Happy New Year wishes, saying it wasted valuable time which could be better spent working.^[50]

December 28, 1928 (Friday)

• Anton Korošec resigned as Prime Minister of Yugoslavia.^[51]
• Born: Jack Choquette, race car driver, in Montclair, New Jersey (d. 2013)

December 29, 1928 (Saturday)

• A special commission appointed by Mussolini to study Italian elementary school textbooks announced that there was not a single geography or history book fit for Italian schools. The commission ordered a new state-approved textbook that would reappraise Italian history and its prominent figures from the years before the Fascist regime.^[52]

December 30, 1928 (Sunday)

• Scottish anatomist and anthropologist Sir Arthur Keith said that 45 to 50 was the age that humans were naturally meant to live to. "Civilization, acting as the world's hothouse, gradually extended this age to between 65 and 75", he explained. "Nowadays some even desire it to be prolonged over the century mark. I think it is one of the most foolish of things for man to want such a long life." Keith said it was "selfish" for older generations to "hang on too long" and block younger generations from getting their chance in life, and that it would be in the world's best interests to restrict human life to an age at which each human would produce at maximum ability.^[53]
• Balaídos Municipal Stadium opened in Vigo, Spain.
• Born: Bo Diddley, R&B musician, in McComb, Mississippi (d. 2008)
• Died: Lutz Wahl, 59, American Major General

December 31, 1928 (Monday)

• French Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré tried to resign, but his cabinet would not let him, rising one by one to tell him that doing so would cause national disaster.^[54]
• Born: Siné, political cartoonist, in Paris, France

References

1. "Significant Earthquake Search – sorted by Date". National Geophysical Data Center. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
2. Kinsley, Philip (December 2, 1928). "Ecuador, Put on Feet by Yanks, Cheers Hoover". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
3. "Count Bernadotte to Wed Miss Manville Today in Ceremony Costing $750,000". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 1, 1928. p. 1.
4. "Year End Review – 1928". CanadaGenWeb.org. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
5. Steele, John (December 3, 1928). "King Better; Fever Reduced". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
6. "Royal Commission Named to Act for King George; Patient Spends Quiet Day". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 4, 1928. p. 1.
7. Steele, John (December 5, 1928). "Queen Named as Head of Royal Council of Six". Chicago Daily Tribune: 1.
8. Peters, Gerbhard; Woolley, John T. "State of the Union Addresses and Messages". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
9. Peters, Gerbhard; Woolley, John T. "Sixth Annual Message – December 4, 1928". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
10. "British Primate Enthroned; Asks Peace in Church". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 5, 1928. p. 16.
11. "Whoopee!". Playbill Vault. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
12. "Hoover Cheered Wildly by 30,000 at Peruvian City". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 5, 1928. p. 1.
13. Mercer, Derrik (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 373. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
14. "Chronology 1928". indiana.edu. 2002. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
15. Darrah, David (December 8, 1928). "Prince Neglects Farming; Italy Seizes Estate". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 2.
16. "Move to Stem Stock Crash". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 9, 1928. p. Part 1 p. 1 and Part 3 p. 7.
17. Klein, Harold (December 9, 1928). "$880,000,000 Lost on 6 Stocks in Crashing Market". Brooklyn Daily Eagle: 1.
18. "Sale of Vintage and Making Of Home Wine Held Legal". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 8, 1928. p. 1.
19. Sullivan, Brian R. (2014). My Fault: Mussolini as I Knew Him. New York: Enigma Books. p. 196. ISBN 978-1-936274-39-0.
20. "21 Cannon Boom Hoover Greeting in Chile Landing". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 10, 1928. p. 1.
21. "Celtic (II)". White Star History. White Star Line History Website Project. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
22. Steele, John (December 11, 1928). "Fear King's Death Is Near". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
23. Morris, Peter (2010). A Game of Inches: The Stories Behind the Innovations that Shaped Baseball. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 217. ISBN 978-1-56663-677-3.
24. Steele, John (December 13, 1928). "King's Rally Revives Hope". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
25. Rue, Larry (December 13, 1928). "Peasants Win by Landslide in Roumania Vote". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 11.
26. Steele, John (December 14, 1928). "King's Chances for Recovery Good". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
27. "Hoover Given Royal Greeting by Buenos Aires". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 14, 1928. p. 1.
28. "Clip-oon Ties: Then and Now". Necktie Emporium. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
29. "Senate Passes Boulder Dam Bill 64, to 11". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 15, 1928. p. 1.
30. Farcau, Bruce W. (1996). The Chaco War: Bolivia and Paraguay, 1932–1935. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-275-95218-1.
31. "Germany, Poland Clash Angrily as League Closes". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 16, 1928. p. 1.
32. "Fascists Declare Rotary Ban; Club Headquarters Surprised". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 16, 1928. p. 1.
33. "Paraguay Calls Its Troops". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 17, 1928. p. 1.
34. Kinsley, Philip (December 17, 1928). "Hoover Reaches Uruguay for Visit of a Day". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 5.
35. "Paraguay Asks Peace as 30,000 Rush to Colors". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 18, 1928. p. 1.
36. "Honor Wright in Spot Where He First Flew". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 18, 1928. p. 11.
37. Stimson, Richard. "Amelia Earhart Disappears on Round-the-World Flight". The Wright Stories. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
38. "Mediation for Peace in South America Begins". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 19, 1928. p. 1.
39. Urban, Joan Barth (1986). Moscow and the Italian Communist Party: From Togliatti to Berlinguer. I.B. Tauris Publishers. pp. 46–47, 71–72. ISBN 978-1-85043-027-8.
40. "Hubert Wilkins 1888–1958". South-Pole.com. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
41. Riffenburgh, Beau. Encyclopedia of the Antarctic, Volume 1. Oxon and New York: Routledge. p. 1080. ISBN 978-0-415-97024-2.
42. Crawford, Arthur (December 22, 1928). "Coolidge Signs Boulder Bill; Up To States". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
43. Kinsley, Philip (December 22, 1928). "Brazil Greets Hoover; Rio in Festive Mood". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
44. "President Grants Full Pardon to John W. Langley". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 23, 1928. p. 1.
45. Kinsley, Philip (December 24, 1928). "Hoover Off for U.S., Laden with Latin Good Will". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
46. "Chicago Plane Burns; 4 Die". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 24, 1928. p. 1.
47. Franklin, Harold B. (1929). Sound Motion Pictures: From the Laboratory to their Presentation. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Doran & Company. pp. 25–26.
48. Thompson, George E. (2009). You Live Where?: Interesting and Unusual Facts about where We Live. Bloomington, Indiana: iUniverse. p. 97. ISBN 978-1-4401-3421-0.
49. "Train Wreckers Derail Flyer On Santa Fe; Two Badly Hurt". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 27, 1928. p. 1.
50. Darrah, David (December 28, 1928). "Mussolini Bans New Year's Day Fetes So All Can Work". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 11.
51. Tomasevich, Jozo (2001). War and Revolution in Yugoslavia: 1941–1945. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-8047-7924-1.
52. Darrah, David (December 30, 1928). "Mussolini Board Finds Textbook in Schools Unfit". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 6.
53. "This Scientist Would Make 50 Man's Age Limit". Chicago Daily Tribune. December 31, 1928. p. 7.
54. "French Cabinet Refuses to Let Poincaré Resign". Chicago Daily Tribune. January 1, 1929. p. 24.