Congenital dermal sinus

Congenital dermal sinus is a dermal indentation generally present congenitally over dorsal spine.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Clinical features

↑ Elton, Scott; Oakes, W. Jerry (January 2001). "Dermal sinus tracts of the spine". Neurosurgical FOCUS. 10 (1): 1–4. doi:10.3171/foc.2001.10.1.5.
↑ Ackerman, LL; Menezes, AH (September 2003). "Spinal congenital dermal sinuses: a 30-year experience.". Pediatrics. 112 (3 Pt 1): 641–7. PMID 12949296.
↑ Jindal, A; Mahapatra, AK (September 2001). "Spinal congenital dermal sinus: an experience of 23 cases over 7 years.". Neurology India. 49 (3): 243–6. PMID 11593240.
↑ Barkovich, AJ; Edwards, Ms; Cogen, PH (1990). "MR evaluation of spinal dermal sinus tracts in children.". AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology. 12 (1): 123–9. PMID 1903240.
↑ Cox, EM; Knudson, KE; Manjila, S; Cohen, AR (October 2012). "Unusual presentation of congenital dermal sinus: tethered spinal cord with intradural epidermoid and dual paramedian cutaneous ostia.". Neurosurgical focus. 33 (4): E5. doi:10.3171/2012.8.focus12226. PMID 23025446.
↑ Wang, YM; Chuang, MJ; Cheng, MH (September 2011). "Infected spinal dermal sinus tract with meningitis: a case report." (PDF). Acta Neurologica Taiwanica. 20 (3): 188–91. PMID 22009122.
↑ Emami-Naeini, P; Mahdavi, A; Ahmadi, H; Baradaran, N; Nejat, F (October 2008). "Brain abscess as a manifestation of spinal dermal sinus.". Therapeutics and clinical risk management. 4 (5): 1143–7. PMC 2621405. PMID 19209295.

Neural tube defect	Anencephaly Acephaly Acrania Acalvaria Iniencephaly Encephalocele Arnold–Chiari malformation

Other	Microcephaly Congenital hydrocephalus Dandy–Walker syndrome other reduction deformities Holoprosencephaly Lissencephaly Pachygyria Hydranencephaly Septo-optic dysplasia Megalencephaly CNS cyst Porencephaly Schizencephaly Polymicrogyria Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria

Neural tube defect	Spina bifida Rachischisis

Other	Currarino syndrome Diastomatomyelia Syringomyelia

clavicle / shoulder:	Cleidocranial dysostosis Sprengel's deformity Wallis–Zieff–Goldblatt syndrome

hand deformity:	Madelung's deformity Clinodactyly Oligodactyly Polydactyly

hip:	Dislocation of hip / Hip dysplasia Upington disease Coxa valga Coxa vara

knee:	Genu valgum Genu varum Genu recurvatum Discoid meniscus Congenital patellar dislocation Congenital knee dislocation

foot deformity:	varus Club foot Pigeon toe valgus Flat feet Pes cavus Rocker bottom foot Hammer toe

Either / both

fingers and toes	Polydactyly / Syndactyly webbed toes Arachnodactyly Cenani–Lenz syndactylism Ectrodactyly Brachydactyly Clubbed thumb

reduction deficits / limb:	Acheiropodia ectromelia Phocomelia Amelia Hemimelia

multiple joints:	Arthrogryposis Larsen syndrome Rapadilino syndrome

Craniosynostosis:	Scaphocephaly Oxycephaly Trigonocephaly

Craniofacial dysostosis:	Crouzon syndrome Hypertelorism Hallermann–Streiff syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome

other:	Macrocephaly Platybasia Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia Dolichocephaly Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome Plagiocephaly Saddle nose

ribs:	Cervical Bifid

sternum:	Pectus excavatum Pectus carinatum

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