Doridoidea

Doridoidea
Doris odhneri
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura clade Nudipleura clade Nudibranchia clade Doridacea
Superfamily:	Doridoidea Rafinesque, 1815
Families
See text
Synonyms[1]
Cryptobranchia Eudoridoidea Labiostomata

Doridoidea, commonly known as dorid nudibranchs (and previously known as the taxon Cryptobranchia), are a taxonomic superfamily of medium to large, shell-less sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Doridacea, included in the clade Nudibranchia.

Etymology

The word "Doridoidea" comes from the generic name Doris, which was in turn copied from the name of the sea nymph, Doris, in Greek mythology.

Families

Peltodoris nobilis from the Yaquina Bay

According to the Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), families within the superfamily Doridoidea include:

• Actinocyclidae ^{O'Donoghue, 1929}
• Chromodorididae ^{Bergh, 1891}
• Discodorididae ^{Bergh, 1891}
• Dorididae ^{Rafinesque, 1815}

Changes later than 2005

The family Cadlinidae ^{Bergh, 1891} was considered a synonym of the Chromodorididae. Research by R.F. Johnson in 2011^[2] has shown that Cadlina does not belong to the family Chromodorididae. She has therefore brought back the name Cadlinidae from synonymy with Chromodorididae. The chromodorid nudibranchs without Cadlina are now monophyletic and turn out to be a possible sister to the Actinocyclidae

Currently Recognized Families

• Actinocyclidae ^{O'Donoghue, 1929}
• Cadlinidae ^{Bergh, 1891}
• Chromodorididae ^{Bergh, 1891}
• Discodorididae ^{Bergh, 1891}
• Dorididae ^{Rafinesque, 1815}

• 

  Cadlina luteomarginata, a Cadlinidae

• 

  Goniobranchus geminus, a Chromodorididae

• 

  Diaulula nobilis, a Discodorididae

• 

  Doris montereyensis, some Dorididae

Synonyms

Two cryptobranchs: a pair of Diaulula sandiegensis mating

The next families are considered synonyms. But these names can still be found in many publications and on the internet.

• Aldisidae ^{Odhner, 1939} - synonym of Cadlinidae
• Archidorididae ^{Bergh, 1891} - synonym of Dorididae
• Asteronotidae ^{Thiele, 1931} - synonym of Discodorididae
• Baptodorididae ^{Odhner, 1926} - synonym of Discodorididae
• Conualeviidae ^{Collier & Farmer, 1964} - synonym of Dorididae
• Geitodorididae ^{Odhner, 1968} - synonym of Discodorididae
• Halgerdidae ^{Odhner, 1926} - synonym of Discodorididae
• Homoiodorididae ^{Bergh, 1882} -synonym of Dorididae and Dendrodorididae
• Kentrodorididae ^{Bergh, 1891} - synonym of Discodorididae
• Platydorididae ^{Bergh, 1891} - synonym of Discodorididae
• Rostangidae ^{Pruvot-Fol, 1951} - synonym of Discodorididae

Cryptobranch dorid nudibranchs

Cryptobranch dorid nudibranchs (previously known as the taxon Cryptobranchia), are nudibranch sea slugs within the clade Doridacea. These slugs are called "cryptobranch," meaning "hidden gill", because they are able to retract their gills into a gill pocket, in contrast to nudibranchs in the traditional group phanerobranchs (or Phanerobranchia), which taxon is probably paraphyletic (in other words, composed of more than one evolutionary lineage).

A. Valdés distinguishes two major clades within the Cryptobranchia: the dorids that have no radula (the Porostomata); and those with a radula (the Labiostomata). The Labiostomata include the monophyletic families: Actinocyclidae, Chromodorididae, Dorididae and Discodorididae.

The cryptobranchs include the following genera that are regarded as valid :

• Doris Linnaeus, 1758
• Asteronotus Ehrenberg, 1831
• Atagema J. E. Gray, 1850
• Jorunna Bergh, 1876
• Discodoris Bergh, 1877
• Platydoris Bergh, 1877
• Thordisa Bergh, 1877
• Diaulula Bergh, 1878
• Aldisa Bergh, 1878
• Rostanga Bergh, 1879*
• Aphelodoris Bergh, 1879
• Halgerda Bergh, 1880
• Peltodoris Bergh, 1880
• Hoplodoris Bergh, 1880
• Paradoris Bergh, 1884
• Baptodoris Bergh, 1884
• Geitodoris Bergh, 1891
• Gargamella Bergh, 1894
• Alloiodoris Bergh, 1904
• Sclerodoris Eliot, 1904
• Otinodoris White, 1948
• Taringa Er. Marcus, 1955
• Sebadoris Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1960
• Conualevia Collier & Farmer, 1964
• Thorybopus Bouchet, 1977
• Goslineria Valdés, 2001
• Pharodoris Valdés, 2001
• Nophodoris Valdés & Gosliner, 2001.

Notes

1. Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Frýda J., Hausdorf B., Ponder W., Valdes A. & Warén A. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology, 47(1-2). ConchBooks: Hackenheim, Germany. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997. 397 pp. http://www.vliz.be/Vmdcdata/imis2/ref.php?refid=78278
2. Johnson R.F. (2011) Breaking family ties: taxon sampling and molecular phylogeny of chromodorid nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda). Zoologica Scripta 40(2): 137-157

References

• ÁNGEL VALDÉS (2003). "Preliminary Molecular Phylogeny of the Radula-less Dorids (GASTROPODA: OPISTHOBRANCHIA), Based on 16S mtDNA Sequence Data". J. Moll. Stud. 69 (1): 75–80. doi:10.1093/mollus/69.1.75.
• Valdés, Angel (2002). "A phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of the cryptobranch dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia, Anthobranchia)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. London: The Linnean Society of London. 136 (4): 535–536. doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00039.x.
• Valdés, A. (2002). "A phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of the cryptobranch dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia, Anthobranchia)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Blackwell Publishing. 136 (4): 535–536. doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00039.x. Retrieved 2010-03-08.

External links

• Data related to Doridoidea at Wikispecies