Dural ectasia

Dural ectasia is widening or ballooning of the dural sac surrounding the spinal cord. This usually occurs in the lumbosacral region, as this is where the cerebrospinal fluid pressure is greatest,[1] but the spinal canal can be affected in any plane.[2]

Signs and symptoms

Most common symptoms include lower back pain,[2] headaches,[2] weakness,[2] numbness (anesthesia) above and below the involved limb,[2] leg pain,[3] and sometimes there can be rectal[2] and genital pain.[2] Bowel and bladder dysfunction, urinary retention or even incontinence may occur.[4]

The symptoms are usually exacerbated by upright posture and often but not always relieved by lying down.[5] However, in many patients it is asymptomatic.[6]

Causes

It is common in Marfan syndrome,[3] occurring in 63–92% of people with the syndrome.[7] Dural ectasia may also occur in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome,[1] neurofibromatosis type I,[1] ankylosing spondylitis,[1]and trauma.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Liu, CC; Lin, YC; Lo, CP; Chang, TP (June 2011). "Cauda equina syndrome and dural ectasia: rare manifestations in chronic ankylosing spondylitis.". The British journal of radiology. 84 (1002): e123–5. doi:10.1259/bjr/45816561. PMID 21606066.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Altman, A; Uliel, L; Caspi, L (March 2008). "Dural ectasia as presenting symptom of Marfan syndrome." (PDF). The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ. 10 (3): 194–5. PMID 18494231.
  3. 1 2 Shirley, ED; Sponseller, PD (September 2009). "Marfan syndrome.". The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 17 (9): 572–81. PMID 19726741.
  4. ↑ Nallamshetty, L; Ahn, NU; Ahn, UM; Nallamshetty, HS; Rose, PS; Buchowski, JM; Sponseller, PD (August 2002). "Dural ectasia and back pain: review of the literature and case report.". Journal of spinal disorders & techniques. 15 (4): 326–9. doi:10.1097/00024720-200208000-00012. PMID 12177551.
  5. ↑ Foran, JR; Pyeritz, RE; Dietz, HC; Sponseller, PD (Apr 1, 2005). "Characterization of the symptoms associated with dural ectasia in the Marfan patient.". American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. 134A (1): 58–65. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.30525. PMID 15690402.
  6. ↑ Ha, HI; Seo, JB; Lee, SH; Kang, JW; Goo, HW; Lim, TH; Shin, MJ (Jul–Aug 2007). "Imaging of Marfan syndrome: multisystemic manifestations.". Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 27 (4): 989–1004. doi:10.1148/rg.274065171. PMID 17620463.
  7. ↑ Lacassie, HJ; Millar, S; Leithe, LG; Muir, HA; Montaña, R; Poblete, A; Habib, AS (April 2005). "Dural ectasia: a likely cause of inadequate spinal anaesthesia in two parturients with Marfan's syndrome.". British journal of anaesthesia. 94 (4): 500–4. doi:10.1093/bja/aei076. PMID 15695549.


This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 8/17/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.