Ecological systems of Montana

Multiple ecosystems in Gallatin National Forest

There are 62 named Ecological Systems found in Montana[1] These systems are described in the Montana Field Guides-Ecological Systems of Montana.[2]

An ecosystem is a biological environment consisting of all the organisms living in a particular area, as well as all the nonliving, physical components of the environment with which the organisms interact, such as air, soil, water and sunlight.[3] It is all the organisms in a given area, along with the nonliving (abiotic) factors with which they interact; a biological community and its physical environment.[3]

Forest and Woodland Systems

Alpine Systems

Shrubland, Steppe and Savanna Systems

Grassland Systems

Sparse and Barren Systems

Open Water/Wetland and Riparian Systems

Further reading

See also

Notes

  1. "Montana Field Guide-Ecological Systems Field Guide Help". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  2. "Montana Field Guides". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  3. 1 2 ”Biology Concepts & Connections Sixth Edition”, Campbell, Neil A. (2009), page 2, 3 and G-9. Retrieved 2010-06-14.
  4. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Mesic Montane Mixed Conifer Forest". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  5. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Subalpine Mesic Spruce-Fir Forest and Woodland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  6. "Montana Field Guide- Great Plains Ponderosa Pine Woodland and Savanna". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  7. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Dry-Mesic Montane Mixed Conifer Forest". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  8. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Foothill Limber Pine - Juniper Woodland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  9. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Foothill Woodland-Steppe Transition". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  10. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Lodgepole Pine Forest". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  11. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Montane Douglas-Fir Forest and Woodland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  12. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Ponderosa Pine Woodland and Savanna". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  13. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Poor Site Lodgepole Pine Forest". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  14. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Subalpine Dry-Mesic Spruce-Fir Forest and Woodland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  15. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Subalpine Woodland and Parkland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  16. "Montana Field Guide-Aspen Forest and Woodland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  17. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Wooded Draw and Ravine". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  18. "Montana Field Guide-Mountain Mahogany Woodland and Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  19. "Montana Field Guide-Aspen Mixed Conifer Forest-Woodland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  20. "Montana Field Guide-Alpine Dwarf Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  21. "Montana Field Guide-Alpine Turf". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  22. "Montana Field Guide-Alpine Bedrock and Scree". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  23. "Montana Field Guide-Alpine Fell-Field". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  24. "Montana Field Guide-Alpine Ice Field". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  25. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  26. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Lower Montane-Foothill Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  27. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Montane-Foothill Deciduous Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  28. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Subalpine Deciduous Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  29. "Montana Field Guide-Big Sagebrush Steppe". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  30. "Montana Field Guide-Montane Sagebrush Steppe". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  31. "Montana Field Guide-Big Sagebrush Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  32. "Montana Field Guide-Low Sagebrush Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  33. "Montana Field Guide-Mat Saltbush Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  34. "Montana Field Guide-Mixed Salt Desert Scrub". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  35. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Mixedgrass Prairie". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  36. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Sand Prairie". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  37. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Lower Montane, Foothill and Valley Grassland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  38. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Subalpine-Montane Mesic Meadow". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  39. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Subalpine-Upper Montane Grassland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  40. "Montana Field Guide-Active and Stabilized Dune". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  41. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Badlands". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  42. "Montana Field Guide-Shale Badland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  43. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Cliff and Outcrop". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  44. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Cliff, Canyon and Massive Bedrock". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  45. "Montana Field Guide- Wyoming Basins Cliff and Canyon". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  46. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Subalpine-Montane Fen". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  47. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Closed Depressional Wetland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  48. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Open Freshwater Depression Wetland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  49. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Prairie Pothole". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  50. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Saline Depression Wetland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  51. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Wooded Vernal Pool". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  52. "Montana Field Guide-Greasewood Flat". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  53. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Floodplain". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  54. "Montana Field Guide-Great Plains Riparian". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  55. "Montana Field Guide-Northern Rocky Mountain Lower Montane Riparian Woodland and Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  56. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Lower Montane-Foothill Riparian Woodland and Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  57. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Subalpine-Montane Riparian Shrubland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  58. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Subalpine-Montane Riparian Woodland". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  59. "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Conifer Swamp". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  60. "Montana Field Guide-Emergent Marsh". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  61. "Montana Field Guide-Geysers and Hot Springs". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  62. "Montana Field Guide-Open Water". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
  63. "Montana Field Guide-Alpine-Montane Wet Meadow". Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
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