Einsatzgruppe TIGRIS

Einsatzgruppe TIGRIS

Official Einsatzgruppe TIGRIS Patch
Active January 1, 2002 (Created)
2003 (Unofficially Formed) - Present (Existence revealed on September 2005 to Swiss law enforcement, public existence revealed on March 2009)
Country   Switzerland
Type Special Operations
Role Domestic Counter-Terrorism and Law Enforcement
Size 14 police officers
Part of Under control of the Federal Criminal Police
Garrison/HQ Worblaufen
Nickname(s) TIGRIS
Tiger[1]
Supercops[2]

The Einsatzgruppe TIGRIS (English: Task Force TIGRIS) is a specialized tactical police unit belonging to the Federal Criminal Police, the investigative arm of the Swiss Federal Office of Police. As of 2009, it consists of 14 officers and is based at the military police base in Worblaufen near Bern.[3][4] Manpower for the unit is currently being increased to recruit more officers.[5]

The exact budget allocated to the unit has been made classified by the Federal Office of Police, only being known as part of its allocated budget.[6] Due to their covert origin, Swiss media has called them Supercops.

As of 2009, TIGRIS operators have been deployed for 130 operations in Switzerland.[7] No shots have been fired by TIGRIS during these operations.[8]

History

In the past, plans to create a specialist federal police unit had failed twice- in 1978 and in 2002- due to jurisdiction issues with the cantons.[4][9] After the Swiss Parliament approved the formation of TIGRIS in the year 2000, the unit was covertly created under the watch of ex-Justice Minister Christoph Blocher on January 1, 2002.[10] The unit was created under "Project Effort".[11]

Federal officials were first informed about the existence of TIGRIS in September 2005 in a routine meeting of high-ranking police officials,[6] catching most of them by surprise as they were not aware of its creation.[1] It was not, however, a matter of public knowledge until March 2009, when it was revealed by an article in the Swiss weekly magazine Die Weltwoche.[3][12]

Known operations

TIGRIS was deployed in its first mission in May 2003, when they apprehended two foreign nationals, one for the breaking out of a German prison and another for committing fraud.[7] In June 2006, TIGRIS operatives, assisting Zürich police, arrested a Moldavian national wanted for armed robbery, followed by another arrest operation resulting in the apprehension of a Polish national on December 11, 2006.[7]

On April 3, 2007, TIGRIS units joined with St. Gallen police in arresting a Turkish national for forgery.[7] TIGRIS arrested Gerhard Ulrich, the founder of "Call to the People" on March 27, 2009.[13]

Equipment

Operatives of TIGRIS are known to wear black helmets and combat uniforms.[14] The Weltwoche had reported that the unit has been provided with state-of-the-art counterterrorism equipment and weapons as well as computerised training facilities.[3][4] Its known budget is a total of 2.7 million Swiss francs.[13]

The operatives of TIGRIS are seen armed with the following firearms:

Mandate

TIGRIS would intervene in situations where cantonal police would need federal assistance in solving matters out of their capacity.[4][15] TIGRIS's missions are based on special operations with high risks and will not intervene in missions where canton police specialist units can handle the job themselves.[16]

A report on TIGRIS was publicly announced, saying that the unit could probably operate in international territory according to its mandate.[17]

Criticism

Several politicians were angered at the creation of TIGRIS when the unit was officially revealed to the public due to its covert nature.[18]

According to Markus Notter, Zurich Director of Justice and President of the Police and Justice directors, claimed that Switzerland has too many civilian specialist units serving under various cantons which would not warrant TIGRIS's existence.[19] Additionally, the police forces in various cantons have responsibility for maintaining security in their own jurisdiction while the Federal Police are supposed to protect Switzerland's territory.[4]

Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf had ordered an investigation into whether the covert creation of TIGRIS was legal and whether the agency is needed for Swiss law enforcement.[20] She concluded that TIGRIS is not needed when she had announced the investigation.[21]

The matter of the unit's existence was raised in the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, questioning its structure and operational manners.[22]

Defense

In an interview with Blick, Federal Criminal Police commander Kurt Blöchlinger insisted that feedback from various police cantons were positive regarding TIGRIS's deployment to assist them.[15][16] In addition, he said that he had told police officials regarding TIGRIS's existence in 2005 contrary to claims that they never knew about TIGRIS.[16]

TIGRIS' Worblaufen facility is said to be a violation of Swiss law since it was said to be using Swiss military facilities when a reply to the Federal Assembly had insisted that TIGRIS and the military police do not share any building facilities.[22]

References

  1. 1 2 "Tiger kommen aus dem Nichts" (in German). 20 Minuten. 2009-03-20. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  2. ↑ "GPK nimmt Supercops unter die Lupe" (in German). 20 Minuten. 2009-03-21. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  3. 1 2 3 Ammann, Daniel. "Die Tiger von Bern". Die Weltwoche (in German). Retrieved 2009-03-19.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "Bund baut geheime Elite-Kampftruppe auf" (in German). Basler Zeitung. 2009-03-19. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  5. ↑ "Blocher wusste über "Tigris" Bescheid" (in German). Schweizer Fernsehen. 2009-03-23. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  6. 1 2 "Das Bundesamt für Polizei nimmt Stellung zu den Vorwürfen der "Weltwoche" in Sachen "Einsatzgruppe TIGRIS"" (in German). Retrieved 2009-03-19.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "Die Tigris-Einheit jagt Entführer, Betrüger und Behinderte" (in German). Der Bund. 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  8. ↑ "Spezial-Truppe "Tigris" war schon 130 Mal in der Schweiz unterwegs" (in German). Berner Zeitung. 2009-03-25. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  9. ↑ "Bund baut Elite-Polizeitruppe auf" (in German). Swisscom. 2009-03-19. Archived from the original on March 22, 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  10. ↑ "Blocher wusste von geheimer Polizei-Truupe". Blick.ch. 2009-03-23. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  11. ↑ "Sparünberg "Tigris"" (in German). Blick.ch. 2009-03-22. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  12. ↑ "Bund baut Elite-Polizeitruppe auf" (in German). cash.ch. 2009-03-19. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  13. 1 2 "Gerhard Ulrich a été arrêté par l'unité spéciale Tigris" (in French). 20 Minuten. 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2009-10-13.
  14. ↑ "Einsatzgruppe Tigris" (in German). Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  15. 1 2 "Alle waren im Bild über Tigris" (in German). Tagblatt. 2009-03-25. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  16. 1 2 3 "Die ganze Wahrheit über "Tigris"" (in German). Blick.ch. 2009-03-25. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  17. ↑ "EJPD-Bericht stellt Einsatzgruppe Tigris gutes Zeugnis aus" (in German). 2009-09-17. Retrieved 2009-10-13.
  18. ↑ "Blocher segnete "Tigris" ab" (in German). 20 Minuten. 2009-03-21. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  19. ↑ "Die Schweiz strotzt nur so vor Supercops" (in German). 20 Minuten. 2009-03-21. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  20. ↑ "Polemik um schnelle Eingreiftruppe "Tigris"" (in German). swissinfo. 2009-03-22. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  21. ↑ "Assemblea PBD: Widmer-Schlumpf, "sicurezza di competenza cantoni"" (in Italian). swissinfo. 2009-03-21. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
  22. 1 2 Müller Geri (2009-03-19). "Einsatzgruppe Tigris" (in German). Federal Assembly of Switzerland. Retrieved 2009-10-13.
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