Electoral Rhenish Circle

The Electoral Rhenish Circle as at the beginning of the 16th century

map of the Electoral Rhenish Circle from Topographia Archiepiscopatuum Moguntinensis by Matthäus Merian, 1646

The Electoral Rhenish Circle (German: Kurrheinischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire, created in 1512.

The circle derived its name from four of the seven prince-electors whose lands along the Middle Rhine comprised the vast majority of its territory.

Composition

The circle was made up of the following states:

Name	Type of entity	Comments
Arenberg	County	Attained imperial immediacy in 1549 under Jean de Ligne, Principality from 1576, raised to Duchy in 1644
Beilstein	Lordship	Held by the Counts of Nassau-Dillenburg from 1343
Cologne	Prince-bishopric	(Re-)established by King Otto I in 953, Prince-elector and Archchancellor of Italy in 1356; including Vest Recklinghausen and the Duchy of Westphalia
Koblenz	Bailiwick	An administrative grouping of lands including the immediate Lordship of Elsen, held by the Teutonic Knights
Mainz	Prince-bishopric	Archbishopric established in 781 by Pope Adrian I, Prince-elector and Archchancellor of Germany in 1356; including Eichsfeld, Erfurt, and Aschaffenburg
Nieder-Isenburg	County	Emerged from Isenburg-Isenburg in 1199, partitioned in 1502 into Isenburg-Grenzau and Isenburg-Neumagen (to Sayn-Wittgenstein in 1554), extinct in 1664
Electorate of the Palatinate	County palatinate	Arose from the allodium of the Count palatine of Lower Lorraine in 1085 under Henry of Laach, held by the House of Wittelsbach from 1214, Prince-elector and Truchsess in 1356
Rheineck	Burgraviate	Fiefdom of Cologne around Burg Rheineck, held by the Freiherren of Varsberg from 1576
Thurn und Taxis	Barons	Briefadel without territory, Freiherren from 1608, Counts from 1624, raised to Princely Counts in 1695
Trier	Prince-bishopric	Established in 902, Prince-elector and Archchancellor of Arles in 1356

The list of states making up the Electoral Rhenish Circle is based on that in the German Wikipedia article Kurrheinischer Reichskreis.

Electoral Rhenish Circle (1512–1806) of the Holy Roman Empire

Electorates	Cologne Mainz Palatinate Trier

Other territories	Arenberg Beilstein Koblenz Nieder-Isenburg Rheineck Thurn and Taxis

Circles est. 1500: Bavarian, Swabian, Upper Rhenish, Lower Rhenish–Westphalian, Franconian, (Lower) Saxon Circles est. 1512: Austrian, Burgundian, Upper Saxon, Electoral Rhenish · Unencircled territories

Circles of the Holy Roman Empire after the Imperial Reform

Created in 1500	Bavarian Franconian Westphalian (Lower Rhenish-Westphalian) Lower Saxon Swabian Upper Rhenish

Created in 1512	Austrian Burgundian Electoral Rhenish Upper Saxon

and	Territories of the Holy Roman Empire outside the Imperial Circles

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