Eliot, Maine

Eliot, Maine
Town

William Fogg Library, c. 1919
Eliot
Coordinates: 43°8′8″N 70°47′37″W / 43.13556°N 70.79361°W / 43.13556; -70.79361Coordinates: 43°8′8″N 70°47′37″W / 43.13556°N 70.79361°W / 43.13556; -70.79361
Country United States
State Maine
County York
Incorporated 1810
Government
 • Type Town Meeting
 • Board of Selectmen Robert Pomerleau(2018)
Rebecca Davis(2017)
Stephen Beckert (2018)
John Murphy(2016)
Roland Fernald(2017)
Area[1]
 • Total 21.32 sq mi (55.22 km2)
 • Land 19.78 sq mi (51.23 km2)
 • Water 1.54 sq mi (3.99 km2)
Elevation 20 ft (6 m)
Population (2010)[2]
 • Total 6,204
 • Estimate (2012[3]) 6,243
 • Density 313.7/sq mi (121.1/km2)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP code 03903
Area code(s) 207
FIPS code 23-22955
GNIS feature ID 0582464
Website www.eliotmaine.org

Eliot is a town in York County, Maine, United States. The population was 6,204 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine metropolitan statistical area.

Eliot is home to Littlebrook Airpark and the Raitt Homestead Farm Museum.

History

The honor of naming the town is sometimes given to Alexander Shapleigh who was reportedly born around 1574 at the Manor of Kittery Court in Devon, England. Kittery Court is located in the village of Kingsweare, across the river Dart from the city of Dartmouth. Dartmouth, New Hampshire, of course, and Exeter and Appledore are also local place names borrowed from the this region in the county of Devon. In England the Shapleights were merchants and a major importer of salt from France. It was a natural step to become involved in the fishing industry in which salted fish were imported from the Atlantic coast of America. Alexander arrived in the New World in 1635 aboard his ship BENEDICTION that he co-owned with business partner Captain Francis Champernowne, a relative of Sir Walter Scott. Like the Pepperrells of Kittery, they also set up a salt fish operation at the Isles of Shoals and exported the popular product to Europe.

ALEXANDER SHAPLEIGH(1), the pioneer of the American Branch of the Family, was born apparently at Kingsweare, Devon, England, about 1574, and was probably the son of Nicholas Shapleigh, of that place, but of this we are not quite sure. His beautiful residence at Kingsweare was called Kittery House. A name that had come down in the Shapleigh family for several generations, and the name, followed the family to America and finally gave name to the Town of Kittery, Maine. From the testimony of Katherine Treworgy, we learn that Alexander Shapleigh was alive May 26, 1642. We hear nothing more about him, and we learn from the court records that he was dead previous to July 5, 1650.

The town Kittery, Maine, was incorporated in 1647, and today bills itself as "the oldest incorporated town in Maine." It was named after the birthplace of a founder, Alexander Shapleigh, from the manor of Kittery Court at Kingswear in Devon, England. Shapleigh arrived in 1635 aboard the ship Benediction, which he co-owned with another prominent settler, Captain Francis Champernowne. Together with the Pepperrell family, they established fisheries offshore at the Isles of Shoals, where fish were caught, salted and exported back to Europe. Other pioneers were hunters, trappers and workers of the region's abundant timber. Kittery's original land area extended from the Atlantic Ocean inland up the Salmon Falls River, including the present-day towns of Eliot, Berwick, South Berwick and North Berwick.

Kittery Court (also called Kittery Quay) still survives and is on the list of sites to visit in Kingsweare. That also boasts a mediaeval castle. Today a car ferry runs from Kingsware to Dartmouth and the sleepy village is a popular tourist spot. Visitors can also take a steam railroad train along the scenic winding coast. Originally part of the Piscataqua Plantation (renamed Kittery in 1647) called Sturgeon Creek in the 1630-40s, it became the North, or Second, Parish of Kittery in 1713 following the incorporation of Berwick.[4] On March 1, 1810, Eliot became a town. Prior to its incorporation as a town, the Second Parish had been in conflict with Kittery's other parishes since at least 1791. In 1791, the parish's minister died. His successor, according to a large faction of the parish's inhabitants, was a man of "unfair character" imposed by "a small party" of people. He was rejected by "a large majority", and a new minister was installed in 1792. The internal strife between inhabitants didn't stop there.

The minority faction, angered by the removal of their minister, "petitioned the Legislature in...1796 to be set off to the third parish, which was accordingly done." The inhabitants of the second Parish accused the members of the other two of conspiring against them.

The town was either named after Robert Eliot, who was a member of the Provincial Council of New Hampshire, or for Reverend John Eliot of Boston, a friend of General Andrew P. Fernald, the town agent largely responsible for its separation.[5]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 21.32 square miles (55.22 km2), of which, 19.78 square miles (51.23 km2) of it is land and 1.54 square miles (3.99 km2) is water.[1] Eliot is drained by Sturgeon Creek and the Piscataqua River.

Eliot is served by state routes 91, 101, 103 and 236. The town is northwest of Interstate 95 and near the New Hampshire border.

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18101,650—
18201,6791.8%
18301,8459.9%
18401,8892.4%
18501,803−4.6%
18601,767−2.0%
18701,7690.1%
18801,640−7.3%
18901,463−10.8%
19001,458−0.3%
19101,5304.9%
19201,5300.0%
19301,462−4.4%
19401,93232.1%
19502,50929.9%
19603,13324.9%
19703,49711.6%
19804,94841.5%
19905,3297.7%
20005,95411.7%
20106,2044.2%
Est. 20146,298[6]1.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]

See also: South Eliot, Maine As of 2000 the median income for a household in the town was $52,606, and the median income for a family was $63,598. Males had a median income of $44,205 versus $30,530 for females. The per capita income for the town was $24,403. About 5.2% of families and 5.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 3.5% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 6,204 people, 2,509 households, and 1,783 families residing in the town. The population density was 313.7 inhabitants per square mile (121.1/km2). There were 2,669 housing units at an average density of 134.9 per square mile (52.1/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.8% White, 0.7% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.2% of the population.

There were 2,509 households of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.0% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.9% were non-families. 23.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.89.

The median age in the town was 45.4 years. 22.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.3% were from 25 to 44; 36.1% were from 45 to 64; and 14.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.8% male and 51.2% female.

Sites of interest

Politics

Voter Registration: 29.72% Republican. 27.27% Democrat. 2.01% Green Independent. 41.00% Un-enrolled.[8]

State Representative: Roberta Beavers (2016) (D) State Senator: Dawn Hill (2016) (D) US Representative: Chellie Pingree (2016) (D)

Education SAD35 (Eliot and South Berwick)

Notable people

References

  1. 1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-16.
  2. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-16.
  3. ↑ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
  4. ↑ Coolidge, Austin J.; John B. Mansfield (1859). A History and Description of New England. Boston, Massachusetts. pp. 117–118.
  5. ↑ Varney, George J. (1886), Gazetteer of the state of Maine. Eliot, Boston: Russell
  6. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  7. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  8. ↑ http://www.eliotmaine.org/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC={F653F339-166D-4080-AE27-301C73E98A88}

External links

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