Emperor Suzaku

Suzaku
Emperor of Japan
Reign 930–946
Coronation 930
Predecessor Daigo
Successor Murakami
Born September 7, 923
Heian Kyō (Kyōto)
Died September 6, 952 (aged 28)
Heian Kyō (Kyōto)
Burial Daigo no misasagi (Kyōto)
Father Daigo
Mother Fujiwara no Onshi

Emperor Suzaku (朱雀天皇（すざくてんのう） Suzaku-tennō, September 7, 923 – September 6, 952) was the 61st emperor of Japan,[1] according to the traditional order of succession.[2]

Suzaku's reign spanned the years from 930 through 946.[3]

Traditional narrative

Before his ascension of the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (imina)[4] was Hiroakira-shinnō.[5] He was also known as Yutaakira-shinnō (寛明親王（ゆたあきらしんのう）).[6]

Hiroakira-shinnō was the 11th son of Emperor Daigo and Empress Consort Onshi, a daughter of the regent and great minister of the council of state, Fujiwara no Mototsune.[7]

Daigo had two Empresses or consorts and one Imperial daughter.[8]

Events of Suzaku's life

Suzaku's older brother died unexpectedly young, as did his brother's son. These untimely deaths opened the way for Suzaku to accede to the throne.

Memorial Shinto shrine and mausoleum honoring Emperor Suzaku.

The actual site of Suzaku's grave is known.[1] This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Kyoto.

The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Suzaku's mausoleum. It is formally named Daigo no misasagi[16] in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto near the Buddhist temple, Daigo-ji.

Kugyō

Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.[17]

In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Suzaku's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:

Eras of Suzaku's reign

Japanese Imperial kamon — a stylised chrysanthemum blossom

The years of Suzaku's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.[19]

Consorts and children

Nyōgo: Princess Hiroko/Kishi (熙子女王) (?–950), daughter of Imperial Prince Yasuakira(son of Emperor Daigo)

Nyōgo: Fujiwara no Yoshiko (藤原慶子) (?–951), daughter of Fujiwara no Saneyori (藤原実頼)

Notes

  1. 1 2 Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): 朱雀天皇 (61)
  2. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, pp. 69–70.
  3. ↑ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 134–139; Brown, Delmer. (1879). Gukanshō, pp. 294–295; Varley, H. Paul (1980) Jinnō Shōtōki, pp. 181–183.
  4. ↑ Brown, p. 264; prior to Emperor Jomei, the personal names of the emperors were very long and people did not generally use them. The number of characters in each name diminished after Jomei's reign.
  5. 1 2 3 Titsingh, p. 134; Varley, p. 181.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Brown, p. 294.
  7. ↑ Varley, p. 181.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Brown, p. 295
  9. ↑ Brown, p. 295, Varley, p. 44; a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami.
  10. ↑ Brown, p. 295; Varley, p. 181-182.
  11. ↑ Titsingh, p. 135; Brown, p. 295.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Titsingh, p. 135.
  13. 1 2 Titsingh, p. 135; Brown, p. 294.
  14. ↑ Titsingh, p. 136.
  15. 1 2 Brown, p. 295; Varley, p. 130.
  16. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 420.
  17. ↑ Furugosho: Kugyō of Suzaku-tennō.
  18. ↑ Brown, p. 291.
  19. ↑ Titsingh, p. 134.

References

See also

Regnal titles
Preceded by
Emperor Daigo		 Emperor of Japan:
Suzaku
930–946 		Succeeded by
Emperor Murakami
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