Erich Kuby

Erich Kuby in October 2003

Erich Kuby (28 June 1910 – 10 September 2005) was a German journalist, publisher and screenwriter.

Life

Early years

Kuby's father had bought in 1901 an estate in West Prussia, but after one year he had to give up working it. He then moved to Munich and met his future wife Dora Süßkind. Their son Erich was born in 1910 in Baden-Baden.

In 1913, the family moved to the Alpine foothills in Upper Bavaria where the father again took over a farm. There the child grew up while his father served in World War I as a reserve officer. After the end of the war the family moved to Weilheim where Kuby was enrolled in the "Gymnasium" (preparatory school for university). Due to his father's long absence, he seemed to Kuby to be "a rather strange man."

"[…] from him I learned that we had not lost the war, although I (even though only eight years old) didn't believe him. On the contrary, I had already begun to turn into the family's black sheep, a son who showed only minimal interest when the father, shortly after the move to the nearest county town where he bought and operated a small farm, and built up a paramilitary organization called Citizen Defense. At the nearby firing range its members held family gatherings which were actually firing exercises. Once, shortly before the Hitler-Putsch of 1923, Ludendorff even visited my father, and I remember them walking back and forth in our fruit orchard […]"
— Erich Kuby, My Bothersome Fatherland (Mein ärgerliches Vaterland), Munich, 1989 (licensed edition Volk und Welt, Berlin 1990, p. 7)

In Munich Kuby took violin lessens. At school he was influenced politically by, among other people, a critical Jewish professor. In Munich he received his diploma as external student. He then studied Economics at the universities of Erlangen and Hamburg and completed his studies in 1933. During his semester breaks he worked as a longshoreman at the Blohm & Voss company in Hamburg.

In 1933 he emigrated, traveling by bicycle, together with his Jewish girlfriend Ruth, to Yugoslavia. However, he returned from there to Germany, alone, after a few months because he reportedly wanted to analyze from a close distance, but nevertheless intellectually from afar, the "process of decay" of the country.

He moved from Munich to Berlin and worked in the picture archive of the Scherl Publishing House. In 1938 he married the sculptress Edith Schumacher, the daughter of the National Economist Hermann Schumacher of Berlin. Together they had five children. His wife's sister was married to the atomic physicist Werner Heisenberg. They were "Absolute Patriots" (title of his history of the family which was published in 1996). During the Second World War Kuby served in the Wehrmacht (German army) in France and on the eastern front.

In Russia in 1941, Kuby was brought before a military court because of a supposed infraction of sentinel duty regulations and sentenced to nine months in prison and reduced in rank from corporal to private. He described the normal life of a German soldier in letters and with almost daily diary entries, and he completed many sketches. After the war he was, for a short time, until June 1945, a prisoner of war in U.S. captivity. He published his war experiences later in the works Demidoff; oder, von der Unverletzlichkeit des Menschen (Demidoff; or, On the Invulnerability of Mankind, 1947), Nur noch rauchende Trümmer (Nothing but Smoking Ruins, 1959), and his magnum opus Mein Krieg (My War, 1975). In 2000 he published these as a complete edition.

Journalistic career

After the war Kuby first rebuilt his parents' destroyed house in Weilheim. Then he was hired by the American military administration ICD (Information Control Division) in Munich as advisor. He was given the task of awarding newspaper publishing licenses to trustworthy people. In January 1946 he took part in the founding of the magazine Der Ruf ("The Call"). He was named its chief editor in 1947 after the dismissal of Alfred Andersch and Hans Werner Richter. However, in this role Kuby fared no better and, after a year, was also forced to leave. Nevertheless, he continued his journalistic career and founded his own publishing house, a step he later came to regret. In the following years he worked for the Süddeutsche Zeitung as editor. He then became a freelance contributor to many magazines such as Der Spiegel, Stern and Frankfurter Hefte. In his articles the "Nestbeschmutzer von Rang" or "top ranked fouler of his own nest" (according to Heinrich Böll) occupied a political position between parties and was an important opponent of German rearmament.

Kuby was considered to be one of the most important chroniclers of the German Federal Republic. In the 1960s he became involved in the student uprisings. In the summer of 1965, the Kuby case made headlines throughout Germany when the then head of the Free University of Berlin forbade Kuby to speak at the university. Seven years earlier Kuby had criticized the use of the name "Free University" and therefore was not allowed to accept the invitation by AStA (General Students' Committee) to take part in a discussion panel. This led to massive protests by the student body.[1]

In 1965, Kuby wrote a six-part series for Der Spiegel titled "Die Russen in Berlin 1945" ("The Russians in Berlin 1945")[2] and afterwards published it as a book while making extensive use of the then available sources in Eastern Europe.[3]

He always maintained a non-partisan point of view and was not afraid of criticism by like-minded people or former colleagues. In 1983 and 1987 he wrote detailed critical analyses of Germany's past and present for the magazines Stern and Spiegel. With his war diary Mein Krieg, Aufzeichnungen aus 2129 Tagen ("My War, notes from 2129 days," 1975) Kuby presented an ordinary soldier's insider view of the Wehrmacht from 1939 to 1945. This first edition was not well received, perhaps because of its documentation of German collective responsibility for the excesses of WW2 and even WW1.

Radio and screenplays

Along with his journalistic activity he adapted socially critical material for radio and television. His controversial radio play about the senseless defense of Fortress Brest in France by the Wehrmacht toward the end of the war earned him the accusation of slander by the responsible general Hermann-Bernhard Ramcke. Kuby had taken part as a soldier in the destruction of Brest in 1944. In 1959 the charge was dismissed by the courts.

Kuby became famous because of his collaboration in the screenplay for the movie Rosemary. It served as the basis for his 1958 novel Rosemarie: Des deutschen Wunders liebstes Kind ("Rosemarie: The Favorite Child of the Economic Miracle"). It is about the unsolved murder of Frankfurt call girl Rosemarie Nitribitt. The drama exposed the hypocrisy and dark side of the German Wirtschaftswunder ("economic miracle"). His fictional representation captured the Zeitgeist of the times so realistically that his hypothetical version of the background of the murder was largely accepted as truth by public opinion. Even minor details, such as Rosemarie's supposedly red sports car (the legendary Mercedes-Benz 190SL), are treated in many accounts even today as being factual. While Rosemarie did have a Mercedes sports car, it was black according to contemporary reports.

Final years

Kuby spent his final 25 years mostly in Venice, from where he continued to take part in Germany's political debates. Until 2003 the "Homme de lettres" wrote columns under the byline Zeitungsleser ("Newspaper Reader") for the weekly magazine Freitag ("Friday"). He died in his 95th year and is buried on the island cemetery of San Michele in Venice.

Family

Erich Kuby married twice, the second time with author and publisher Susanna Böhme (born 1947) with whom he had a son named Daniel. From his marriage with Edith Schumacher (1910–2001) he had the children Thomas, Gabriele, Clemens and Benedikt. The last three are also writers. Sophia Kuby, spokesperson for the media network "Generation Benedikt," is his grandchild.

Awards

In 1992, Kuby was awarded the Publizistikpreis der Landeshauptstadt München (Publisher's Prize of Munich) for his lifelong activity in publishing.[4] The laudatory speech was delivered by Wolfgang R. Langenbucher. Kuby was posthumously awarded the Kurt-Tucholsky-Preis of 2005. The laudatory speech was delivered by Heinrich Senfft.[5]

Selected works

For a complete list of Kuby's works and their translations into other languages, see the catalog of the DNB (German National Library).

Quotes

References

  1. ↑ Die Zeit 21. Mai 1965 Wie frei ist die Freie Universität? Seine Magnifizenz verbietet Erich Kuby das Wort. (German)
  2. ↑ Kuby, Erich: Die Russen in Berlin 1945 In: Der Spiegel, 19/1965-24/1965 (German).
  3. ↑ Kuby, Erich: Die Russen in Berlin 1965. Scherz Verlag, München Bern Wien 1965 (German)
  4. ↑ http://www.muenchen.de/Rathaus/kult/kulturfoerderung/preise/publizistikpreis/158905/preistraeger.html (German)
  5. ↑ Laudatio von Heinrich Senfft (German)
  6. ↑ Neuauflage: Mein ärgerliches Vaterland. Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 2010. Vgl. Jan Scheper: Bittere Wahrheiten. taz.de, 28. Juni 2010 (German).
  7. ↑ dradio.de, 12. September 2005
  8. ↑ Kuby, Erich: "Mein Krieg [My War] – Aufzeichnungen aus 2129 Tagen" pg. 307, Nymphenburger Verlag, 1975
  9. ↑ Kuby, Erich: "Mein Krieg [My War] – Aufzeichnungen aus 2129 Tagen" pg. 313, Nymphenburger Verlag, 1975
  10. ↑ Kuby, Erich: "Mein Krieg [My War] – Aufzeichnungen aus 2129 Tagen" pg. 313, Nymphenburger Verlag, 1975

External links

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