Ernest, Duke of Bavaria

Ernest, Duke of Bavaria-Munich
Duke Ernest of Bavaria with his councillors
Spouse(s)	Elisabetta Visconti
Noble family	House of Wittelsbach
Father	John II, Duke of Bavaria
Mother	Catherine of Gorizia
Born	1373 Munich
Died	2 July 1438 Munich
Buried	Frauenkirche in Munich

Ernest of Bavaria-Munich (German: Ernst, Herzog von Bayern-München), (Munich, 1373 – 2 July 1438 in Munich), from 1397 Duke of Bavaria-Munich.

Biography

Ernest was a son of John II and ruled the duchy of Bavaria-Munich together with his brother William III.

He restrained uprisings of the citizenry of Munich in 1396 and 1410 and forced his uncle Stephen III to confine his reign to Bavaria-Ingolstadt in 1402. Afterwards Ernest still fought several times successfully against the dukes of Bavaria-Ingolstadt Stephen III and his son Louis VII the Bearded as ally of Henry XVI of Bavaria-Landshut. He was a member of the Parakeet Society and of the League of Constance.

After the extinction of the Wittelsbach dukes of Bavaria-Straubing, counts of Holland and Hainaut, Ernest and his brother William struggled with Henry and Louis but finally received half of Bavaria-Straubing including the city of Straubing in 1429.

As ally of the House of Luxembourg Ernest backed his deposed brother in law Wenceslaus against the new king Rupert of the older branch of his own Wittelsbach dynasty as well as Wenceslaus' brother Sigismund in his wars against the supporters of Jan Hus. This led to devastations in Northern Bavaria until 1434.

When his son Albert III married secretly the maid Agnes Bernauer in 1432, Ernest ordered her murdered. She was accused of witchcraft and thrown into the River Danube and drowned. The civil war with his son finally ended with a reconciliation. He is buried in the Frauenkirche in Munich.

Family and children

He was married in Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm 26 January 1395 to Elisabetta Visconti, daughter of Bernabò Visconti and had the following children:

1. Albert III, Duke of Bavaria (23 March 1401, Munich–29 February 1460, Munich).
2. Beatrix (c. 1403–12 March 1447, Neumarkt), married to:
   1. 1424 in Ortenburg Count Hermann III of Cilli;
   2. 1428 in Riedenburg Count Palatine John of Neumarkt.
3. Elisabeth (c. 1406–5 March 1468, Heidelberg), married to:
   1. 1430 in Mainz Adolf, Duke of Jülich-Berg;
   2. 1440 in Worms Count Hesso of Leiningen.
4. Amalie (1408–1432), a nun in St. Klara Monastery in Munich.

He also had at least three illegitimate children.

Ancestors

Ancestors of Ernest, Duke of Bavaria

16. Louis II, Duke of Bavaria               8. Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor                       17. Matilda of Habsburg               4. Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria                             18. Bolko I the Strict               9. Beatrice of Silesia                       19. Beatrice of Brandenburg               2. John II, Duke of Bavaria                                   20. Peter III of Aragon               10. Frederick III of Sicily                       21. Constance of Sicily               5. Elisabeth of Sicily                             22. Charles II of Naples               11. Eleanor of Anjou                       23. Mary of Hungary               1. Ernest, Duke of Bavaria                                         24. Albert I of Gorizia               12. Albert II of Gorizia                       25. Euphemia of Silesia-Glogau               6. Meinhard VI of Gorizia                             26. Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse               13. Euphemia of Mätsch                       27. Matilda of Cleves               3. Catherine of Gorizia                                   28. Ulrich IV, Count of Pfannberg               14. Ulrich V, Count of Pfannberg                       29. Margaret of Heunburg               7. Catherine of Pfannberg                             30. Hugh II of Werdenberg               15. Margaret of Werdenberg                       31. Euphemia of Ortenburg

External links

• Bayern-München after the Straubingen Inheritance
• "Ernst von Bayern-München". Germania Sacra people index (in German). Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities.