Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

Ernst II
Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Ernst II, when Hereditary Prince
Tenure	9 March 1913 – 11 December 1950
Predecessor	Hermann VI
Successor	Gottfried
Born	13 September 1863 Langenburg, Kingdom of Württemberg
Died	11 December 1950 (aged 87) Langenburg, West Germany
Spouse	Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, 1896 - 1942 (her death)
Issue	Gottfried, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg Marie Melita, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein Princess Alexandra Beatrice of Hohenlohe-Langenburg Princess Irma Helene of Hohenlohe-Langenburg Prince Alfred of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Father	Hermann, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Mother	Princess Leopoldine of Baden

Ernst Wilhelm Friedrich Carl Maximilian, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (13 September 1863, Langenburg, Württemberg – 11 December 1950, Langenburg, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany), a German aristocrat, was the Regent of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha during the minority of his wife’s cousin, Duke Charles Edward, from 1900 to 1905.

Biography

Family

Born in Langenburg, Kingdom of Württemberg on 13 September 1863, Ernst was the oldest of three children, and the only son, of Hermann, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, and Princess Leopoldine of Baden, daughter of Prince William of Baden. He was also the grand-nephew of Queen Victoria: i.e., his paternal great-grandmother was Victoria (of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, and later by her first marriage of Leiningen), the mother of Queen Victoria, and his grandmother was Feodora of Leiningen, Queen Victoria's half-sister. He married the Queen's granddaughter, Princess Alexandra of Edinburgh, daughter of The Prince Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duke of Edinburgh and Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna, on 20 April 1896 at the Ehrenburg Palace (Schloss Ehrenburg) in Coburg, Germany.

Education

After finishing high school in Karlsruhe, the young prince studied law in Paris, Bonn, Tübingen and Leipzig, where he graduated in 1885 with the first legal exam in Naumburg. He also gained membership in the Corps Suevia Tübingen (1st Class) in 1884, when he was at the University of Tübingen and Borussia Bonn in 1886, because he had gone to the University of Bonn.^[1] After his officer training in Berlin-Lichterfelde (1886-1891), he passed the diplomatic examination (1890-1891) with the appointment as Secretary of the Imperial German Embassy in St. Petersburg and London (1891-1894). In the following years he worked in Strasbourg as an assistant for his father, Prince Hermann, the Imperial Governor of Alsace-Lorraine, and prepared himself for his future as a Peer of the Kingdom of Württemberg.

Career

Because his wife was the daughter of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Ernst became the Regent of the Duchy after the death of the Duke. From 30 July 1900 to 18 July 1905, he governed Saxe-Coburg and Gotha on the behalf of the still immature successor, Charles Edward. In 1901, Ernst was awarded with the Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Württemberg.^[2] Afterwards, he made several unsuccessful attempts to gain a foothold in the politics of the German Empire. He served as the Head of the Colonial Department of the Foreign Office (1906–1906) and the Deputy (1907–1911) and Vice President (1909–1910) of the Reichstag. In 1913, on the death of his father, Ernst became the Prince of Hohelohe-Langeburg, entitling him to sit in the Kammer der Standesherren [House of Lords] of Württemberg, where he had already been serving as his father’s deputy since 1895. He would keep his seat until the November Revolution of 1918. During the First World War, the Prince was active as a volunteer in the military hospitals as well as the General Delegate to the Eastern Front and Imperial Commissioner and military inspector. He was also sent in 1915 as a special envoy to Constantinople and the Balkans.

Relationship with the Nazi Party

After Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, Ernst joined his son (who had already entered in 1931) in the Nazi Party with the membership number of 3726902.^[3]

Retirement

After the Second World War, Ernst and his wife retired to private life. While his wife was suffering from various illnesses, he was dedicated to church and nursing activities and was a member of the German Evangelical Church Assembly (the Kirchentag), Commander of the Württemberg-Badenschen Genossenschaft (Württemberg-Baden Cooperative), Governor of the Bailiwick of Brandenburg Order of St. John, Honorary President of the Württemberg State Association of the Red Cross as well as of the Evangelical People’s League of Württemberg (Evangelischen Volksbund für Württemberg). On 11 December 1950, Ernst died at the age 87 at Langenburg, Baden-Württemberg, in what was then West Germany.

Children

The children of Prince Ernst and Princess Alexandra of Hohelohe-Langenburg were descended from both Queen Victoria and Victoria's half-sister Feodora of Leiningen. They were:

• Gottfried Hermann Alfred Paul Maximilian Viktor Fürst zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg + b. 24 Mar 1897, d. 11 May 1960, married 20 April 1931 Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark, sister of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
• Princess Marie Melita of Hohenlohe-Langenburg + b. 18 Jan 1899, d. 8 Nov 1967; married Wilhelm Friedrich, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein
• Princess Alexandra Beatrice Leopoldine of Hohenlohe-Langenburg b. 2 Apr 1901, d. 26 Oct 1963
• Princess Irma Helene of Hohenlohe-Langenburg b. 4 Jul 1902, d. 8 Mar 1986
• Prince Alfred Christian of Hohenlohe-Langenburg b. 16 Apr 1911, d. 18 Apr 1911

Ancestry

Ancestors of Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

16. Christian Albert, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg               8. Charles Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg                       17. Princess Caroline of Stolberg-Gedern               4. Ernst I, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg                             18. Johann Christian II, Count of Solms-Baruth               9. Countess Amalie Henriette of Solms-Baruth                       19. Countess Friederike Luise Reuss of Köstritz               2. Hermann, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg                                   20. Carl Friedrich Wilhelm, 1st Prince of Leiningen               10. Emich Carl, 2nd Prince of Leiningen                       21. Countess Christiane of Solms-Rödelheim und Assenheim               5. Princess Feodora of Leiningen                             22. Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld               11. Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld                       23. Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf               1. Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg                                         24. Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Baden-Durlach               12. Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden                       25. Princess Amalia of Nassau-Dietz               6. Prince William of Baden                             26. Ludwig Heinrich, Baron Geyer of Geyersberg               13. Louise Caroline, Baroness Geyer of Geyersberg                       27. Countess Maximiliana Christiane of Sponeck               3. Princess Leopoldine of Baden                                   28. Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg               14. Duke Louis of Württemberg                       29. Margravine Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt               7. Duchess Elisabeth Alexandrine of Württemberg                             30. Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg               15. Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg                       31. Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau

References

1. (German) Otto Gerlach, Kösener Corpslisten 1960 (Bochum: Verbandes Alten Corpsstudenten [Association of Old Students Corps], 1961), Corps List 129, p. 381; Corps List 9, p. 713
2. (German) Königliches Statistisches Landesamt [Royal State Office of Statistics], Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Württemberg 1907, Erster Teil [Court and State Handbook of the Kingdom of Württemberg 1907, First Part] (Stuttgart: W[ilhelm]. Kohlhammer, 1907), p. 31
3. (German) Ernst Klee, Das Kulturlexikon zum Dritten Reich. Wer war was vor und nach 1945 [The Cultural Dictionary of the Third Reich: Who was What Before and After 1945] (Frankfurt am Main: S. Fischer, 2007), p. 261.

Bibliography

• (German) Frank Raberg, Biographisches Handbuch der württembergischen Landtagsabgeordneten 1815–1933 [Biographical Handbook of the Members of the Landtag of Württemberg, 1815–1833], in the Kommission für geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg [Commission of the Historical Studies of the State of Baden-Württemberg], (Stuttgart: W[ilhelm]. Kohlhammer, 2001), ISBN 3-17-016604-2, p. 381.