Eucera

Eucera
Eucera cinnamomea, male
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Superfamily:	Apoidea
Family:	Apidae
Subfamily:	Apinae
Tribe:	Eucerini
Genus:	Eucera Scopoli 1770
Synonyms
Eucera (Agatheucera) Sitdikov & Pesenko, 1988 Eucera (Atopeucera) Tkalcu, 1984 Eucera (Hemieucera) Sitdikov & Pesenko, 1988 Eucera (Pareucera) Tkalcu, 1978 Eucera (Pileteucera) Sitdikov & Pesenko, 1988 Eucera (Rhyteucera) Sitdikov & Pesenko, 1988 Eucera (Stilbeucera) Tkalcu, 1978 Eusynhalonia Ashmead, 1899 Synalonia Robertson, 1905 [1]

Eucera is a genus of bees in the family Apidae subfamily Apinae and the tribe Eucerini - or long-horned bees.

Eucera plumigera, female

Description

As in most members of the tribe Eucerini, the antennae of males are very long. Old world Eucera can be identified through having 5 or 6 maxillary palpomeres, first flagellomere shorter than scape and clypeus protuberan in front of compound eye by at least the width of the eye in side view. All these characteristics are found in both sexes. Additionally, the males have convergent carinae on S6. Eucera species nest in the ground. Some species are important pollinators of alfalfa.^[2]

Distribution

Eucera is holarctic. ^[2] It is present in most of Europe, in the East Palearctic ecozone, in the Near East, in North Africa and in the Oriental ecozone. ^[3]

This genus has 219 species of which 78 are known from Europe.^[1]

Eucera aragalli side

Eucera aragalli face

Eucera species

Species

Eucera acerba (Cresson, 1879) Eucera actuosa (Cresson, 1878) Eucera aequata Vachal, 1907 Eucera afghana Tkalcu, 1978 Eucera albescens (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera alborufa (Radoszkowski, 1872) Eucera alfkeni Risch, 2003 Eucera algeriensis Dalla Torre, 1896 Eucera algira Brullé, 1840 Eucera alopex Risch, 1999 Eucera alternans (Brullé, 1832) Eucera amoena (Zavortink, 1982) Eucera amsinckiae (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera andreui (Dusmet y Alonso, 1926) Eucera angustifrons (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera arachosiae Tkalcu, 1978 Eucera aragalli (Cockerell, 1904) Eucera argyrophila (Cockerell, 1909) Eucera armeniaca (Morawitz, 1878) Eucera atrata Klug, 1845 Eucera atricornis Fabricius, 1793 Eucera atriventris (Smith, 1854) Eucera atroalba (Pérez, 1895) Eucera bakeri (Timberlake, 1973) Eucera barbiventris Pérez, 1902 Eucera basizona (Spinola, 1839) Eucera belfragei (Cresson, 1872) Eucera bidentata Pérez, 1887 Eucera birkmanniella (Cockerell, 1906) Eucera biscrensis (Alfken, 1933) Eucera brevitarsis Risch, 1997 Eucera caerulescens Friese, 1899 Eucera californica (Cresson, 1878) Eucera carinata (Timberlake, 1961) Eucera carolinensis Dalla Torre, 1896 Eucera caspica Morawitz, 1873 Eucera cassandra Nurse, 1904 Eucera cercidis (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera chinensis (Smith, 1854) Eucera chrysobotryae (Cockerell, 1908) Eucera chrysophila (Cockerell, 1914) Eucera chrysopyga Pérez, 1879 Eucera cineraria Eversmann, 1852 Eucera cinnamomea Alfken, 1935 Eucera clypeata Erichson, 1835 Eucera codinai Dusmet y Alonso, 1926 Eucera collaris Dours, 1873 Eucera commixta Dalla Torre & Friese, 1895 Eucera conditi (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera conformis (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera cordleyi (Viereck, 1905) Eucera cuniculina Klug, 1845 Eucera curvitarsis Mocsáry, 1879 Eucera cypria Alfken, 1933

Eucera dalmatica Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera deceptrix Smith, 1879 Eucera decipiens Alfken, 1935 Eucera decolorata Gribodo, 1924 Eucera delphinii (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera diana Nurse, 1904 Eucera digitata Friese, 1896 Eucera dimidiata Brullé, 1832 Eucera discoidalis Morawitz, 1878 Eucera distincta Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera distinguenda (Morawitz, 1875) Eucera dorsata (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera douglasiana (Cockerell, 1906) Eucera doursana Dalla Torre & Friese, 1894 Eucera dubitata (Cresson, 1878) Eucera ebmeri Risch, 1999 Eucera edwardsii (Cresson, 1878) Eucera elongatula Vachal, 1907 Eucera eucnemidea Dours, 1873 Eucera excisa Mocsáry, 1879 Eucera fasciata Risch, 1999 Eucera fasciatella Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera fedtschenkoi Dalla Torre, 1896 Eucera ferghanica Morawitz, 1875 Eucera ferruginea Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera flavicornis Risch, 2003 Eucera floralia (Smith, 1854) Eucera frater (Cresson, 1878) Eucera friesei Risch, 2003 Eucera fulvitarsis (Cresson, 1878) Eucera fulviventris (Smith, 1854) Eucera fulvohirta (Cresson, 1878) Eucera furfurea Vachal, 1907 Eucera gaullei Vachal, 1907 Eucera genofevae Vachal, 1907 Eucera gracilipes Pérez, 1895 Eucera graeca Radoszkowski, 1876 Eucera grandis (Fonscolombe, 1846) Eucera hamata (Bradley, 1942) Eucera helvola Klug, 1845 Eucera hermoni Risch, 2003 Eucera hirsuta Morawitz, 1875 Eucera hirsutissima (Cockerell, 1916) Eucera hispaliensis Pérez, 1902 Eucera hispana Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera hungarica Friese, 1896 Eucera hurdi (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera ignota (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera illinoensis (Robertson, 1902) Eucera interrupta Bär, 1850 Eucera jacoti (Cockerell, 1930) Eucera kilikiae Risch, 1999 Eucera kullenbergi Tkalcu, 1978

Eucera kyrenaica Friese, 1923 Eucera lanata Sitdikov, 1988 Eucera lanuginosa Klug, 1845 Eucera latipes Risch, 1997 Eucera laxiscopa Alfken, 1935 Eucera lepida (Cresson, 1878) Eucera longicornis (Linnaeus, 1758) Eucera lucasi (Gribodo, 1893) Eucera lunata (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera lutziana (Cockerell, 1933) Eucera lycii (Cockerell, 1897) Eucera maroccana (Dusmet y Alonso, 1928) Eucera mastrucata (Morawitz, 1875) Eucera matalae Tkalcu, 2003 Eucera mauritaniae Tkalcu, 1984 Eucera maxima Tkalcu, 1987 Eucera mediterranea Friese, 1896 Eucera melanocephala Morawitz, 1875 Eucera metallescens (Morawitz, 1888) Eucera microsoma Cockerell, 1922 Eucera minulla Risch, 2003 Eucera mohavensis (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera monozona (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera monticola Risch, 2003 Eucera moricei Alfken, 1935 Eucera nigrescens Pérez, 1879 Eucera nigrifacies Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera nigrilabris Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera nigripes Klug, 1845 Eucera nigrita Friese, 1895 Eucera nipponensis (Pérez, 1911) Eucera nitidiventris Mocsáry, 1879 Eucera notata Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera numida Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera obliterata Pérez, 1896 Eucera occidentalis Risch, 1999 Eucera oraniensis Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera oreophila Risch, 2003 Eucera pagosana (Cockerell, 1925) Eucera pallidihirta (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera pannonica Mocsáry, 1878 Eucera paraclypeata Sitdikov, 1988 Eucera parnassia Pérez, 1902 Eucera pedata Dours, 1873 Eucera pekingensis Yasumatsu, 1946 Eucera penicillata Risch, 1997 Eucera phaceliae (Cockerell, 1911) Eucera pici Vachal, 1907 Eucera pitalomasa (Dover, 1925) Eucera polita Pérez, 1895 Eucera pollinaris (Kirby, 1802) Eucera pomeranzevii (Morawitz, 1888) Eucera pomona Nurse, 1904 Eucera popovi Sitdikov, 1988

Eucera primiveris (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera pseudeucnemidea Risch, 1997 Eucera pulveracea Dours, 1873 Eucera punctatissima Pérez, 1895 Eucera puncticollis Morawitz, 1876 Eucera punctissima de Gaulle, 1908 Eucera punctulata Alfken, 1942 Eucera pusilla Morawitz, 1875 Eucera pythagoras Risch, 2003 Eucera quadricincta (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera quilisi (Dusmet y Alonso, 1926) Eucera rosae (Robertson, 1900) Eucera ruficollis (Brullé, 1832) Eucera rufipes Smith, 1879 Eucera salamita Vachal, 1907 Eucera seminuda Brullé, 1832 Eucera serraticornis Risch, 1999 Eucera sociabilis Smith, 1873 Eucera sogdiana Morawitz, 1875 Eucera spatulata Gribodo, 1893 Eucera speciosa (Cresson, 1878) Eucera spectabilis (Morawitz, 1875) Eucera speculifer Pérez, 1911 Eucera spinipes Risch, 2003 Eucera spurcatipes Pérez, 1911 Eucera squamosa Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera stretchii (Cresson, 1878) Eucera suavis (Cresson, 1878) Eucera subrufa Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera syriaca Dalla Torre, 1896 Eucera taurica Morawitz, 1871 Eucera tegularis Morawitz, 1875 Eucera territella (Cockerell, 1909) Eucera texana (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera thoracica Spinola, 1839 Eucera tibialis Morawitz, 1875 Eucera transitoria (Morawitz, 1875) Eucera tricincta Erichson, 1835 Eucera tricinctella (Timberlake, 1969) Eucera troglodytes Risch, 2003 Eucera truttae (Cockerell, 1905) Eucera tuberculata (Fabricius, 1793) Eucera turcomannica (Morawitz, 1880) Eucera vachali Pérez, 1895 Eucera velutina (Morawitz, 1873) Eucera venusta (Timberlake, 1961) Eucera vernalis (Morawitz, 1875) Eucera vicina (Morawitz, 1876) Eucera vidua Lepeletier, 1841 Eucera virgata (Cockerell, 1905) Eucera vittulata Noskiewicz, 1934 Eucera vulpes Brullé, 1832 Eucera warnckei Risch, 1999 Eucera yunnanensis (Wu, 2000) Eucera zeta Dalla Torre, 1896 Eucera zonata (Timberlake, 1969)

References

1. Biolib
2. Michener, C. D. (2007) The bees of the world, second edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 953 pp
3. Fauna europaea

• Banaszak, , J.; Rasmont, P. (1994), "Eucera Scopoli nouvelles pour la France (Hymenoptera, Anthophoridae)", Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, 99 (2), p. 165–168