Eudyptula

Eudyptula
Eudyptula minor
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Subphylum:	Vertebrata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Sphenisciformes
Family:	Spheniscidae
Genus:	Eudyptula Bonaparte, 1856
Species
Eudyptula minor Eudyptula novaehollandiae

The genus Eudyptula ("good little diver") contains two species of penguin, found in southern Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand and the Chatham Islands. They are commonly known as the little penguin, little blue penguin, or fairy penguin. In the language of the Māori people of New Zealand, little blue penguins are known as kororaa.

For many years, a white-flippered form of the little blue penguin found only in the South Island of New Zealand was considered either a separate species, Eudyptula albosignata, or just a subspecies, Eudyptula minor albosignata. Analysis of mtDNA revealed that Eudyptula fell instead into two groups: a western one, found in Australia and Otago, New Zealand, and another found in the rest of New Zealand.^[1] These two groups are now considered full species, Eudyptula novaehollandiae in Australia and Otago and Eudyptula minor elsewhere.^[2] E. novaehollandiae probably arrived in New Zealand less than 500 years ago, following the local extinction of E. minor in Otago.^[3]

Classification

Order Sphenisciformes

• Family Spheniscidae
  • Genus Eudyptula
    • Eudyptula minor
    • Eudyptula novaehollandiae

References

1. Banks, Jonathan C.; Mitchell, Anthony D.; Waas, Joseph R. & Paterson, Adrian M. (2002): An unexpected pattern of molecular divergence within the blue penguin (Eudyptula minor) complex. Notornis 49(1): 29–38.
2. Grosser, Stefanie; Burridge, Christopher P.; Peucker, Amanda J.; Waters, Jonathan M. (2015-12-14). "Coalescent Modelling Suggests Recent Secondary-Contact of Cryptic Penguin Species". PLOS ONE. 10 (12): –0144966. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144966. ISSN 1932-6203. Retrieved 2016-03-07.
3. Grosser, Stefanie; Rawlence, Nicolas J.; Anderson, Christian N. K.; Smith, Ian W. G.; Scofield, R. Paul; Waters, Jonathan M. (2016-02-10). "Invader or resident? Ancient-DNA reveals rapid species turnover in New Zealand little penguins". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 283 (1824): 20152879. doi:10.1098/rspb.2015.2879. ISSN 1471-2954. Retrieved 2016-03-07.