Ford Duratorq engine

The Ford Duratorq engine, commonly referred to as Duratorq, is the marketing name of a range of Ford diesel engines first introduced in 2000 for the Ford Mondeo range of cars. The larger capacity 5-cylinder units use the Power Stroke brand when installed in North American-market vehicles.

The first design, codenamed "Puma" during its development, replaced the older Endura-D unit which had been around since 1984. Commercial versions of the Puma unit replaced Ford's older "York" type unit used in the Transit, and many other manufacturers' vehicles - most notably the London Taxi.

Other unrelated units in this range have been developed by Ford and PSA.[1][2] The TDCi Duratorq engines are available in vehicles from Ford, Jaguar, Land Rover, Volvo and Mazda vehicles.

A new engine with codename "Panther" is slated to replace the Puma in 2016. [3]

Engine reference

Name Parent Family Displacements Year Features Common Applications
HDi/TDCiDLD ("Tiger")1.4 L (1399 cc)
1.6 L (1560 cc)		2002–presentI4 turbo (twin-scroll turbo in 1,6, 110 PS) Common Rail DIFord Fiesta, Ford Focus, Ford C-Max, Ford Figo, Ford Bantam, Mazda3, Mini Cooper D, Citroën C2, Citroën C3, Citroën Xsara, Citroen Xsara Picasso, Citroën C4, Citroën C4 Picasso, Citroën C5, Peugeot 206, Peugeot 207, Peugeot 307, Peugeot 308, Peugeot 3008, Peugeot 407, Volvo C30, Volvo S40, Volvo V50, Citroën Berlingo, Peugeot Partner, Mini Cooper
TDCiEndura-DI ("Lynx")1.8 L (1753 cc)1998–presentI4 turbo intercooled 8-valveFord Focus, Ford Mondeo, Ford Galaxy, Ford S-Max, Ford Transit Connect
TDCi 16vZSD ("Puma")2.0 L (1998 cc)
2.2 L (2198 cc)
2.4 L (2402 cc)
2.5 L
3.0 L		1999–presentI4 turbo intercooled 16-valve DIFord Mondeo, Ford Transit, Ford Ranger (2012) T6, Jaguar X-TYPE, LDV, London Taxi TX1, TXII, Citroen Jumper, Peugeot Boxer, Fiat Ducato & Land Rover Defender
HDi/TDCiPSA DW2.0 L (1997 cc)2004–presentI4 turbo intercooled 16-valve Mk IV Mondeo, Ford Focus, Ford C-Max, Ford S-Max, Ford Galaxy, Peugeot 307, Peugeot 308, Peugeot 3008, Peugeot 5008, Peugeot 407, Peugeot 607, Citroën C4, Citroën C4 Picasso, Citroën C5, Volvo C30, Volvo S40, Volvo V50, Volvo V70, Volvo S80
HDi/TDCiPSA DW2.2 L (2179 cc)2005–presentI4 turbo intercooled 16-valve Mk IV Mondeo, Ford S-Max, Ford Galaxy, Peugeot 407, Peugeot 4007, Peugeot 607, Citroën C5, Citroën C6, Citroën C-Crosser, Land Rover Freelander, Mitsubishi Outlander, Range Rover Evoque
TDCi"Puma"3.2 L (3198 cc)2006–presentI5 turbo intercooledFord Transit, Ford Ranger, Vivarail D-train
DT17/DT20AJ ("Lion")2.7 L (2720 cc)
3.0 L (2993 cc)		2004–presentV6 turbo intercooled DIJaguar S-Type, Jaguar XF, Jaguar XJ, Land Rover Discovery, Peugeot/Citroën, Ford Territory
?AJ3.6 L (3630 cc)
4.4 L (4367 cc)		2006–presentV8 turbo intercooled DI Range Rover

DLD

Main article: Ford DLD engine

The inline-four engines are sold under the Duratorq TDCi name by Ford, and as the HDi by Citroën and Peugeot. These are part of the DLD family. Mazda also uses the DLD engine in the Mazda2 and the Mazda3, calling it the MZ-CD or CiTD. The Ford/PSA joint-venture for the production of the DLD was announced in September, 1998.

Officially, there are two families of engines in the range:

Ford later added their unrelated 1.8 L DLD-418 engine to the DLD family, though it is properly part of the Ford Endura engine family.

1.4 "Tiger"

The Duratorq DLD-414 (or DV4) is a 1.4 L (1399 cc/85 cu in) inline-four turbo–Diesel. Output is 50 kW (67 hp) at 4500 rpm and 160 N·m (117 lb·ft) at 2000 rpm. This engine was developed in Trémery by Peugeot, as described in the joint-venture agreement with Ford. This engine is built in France, UK and India.

The DV4 is available in two versions:

1.5

In 2012, Ford added the 1.5-litre, closely derived from the 1.6-litre engine.[4] Bore was reduced from 75 to 73.5 mm while the stroke remaines unchanged 88.3 mm.

1.6 "Tiger"

The DLD-416 (or DV6) is a 1.6 L (1560 cc/95 cu in) 90 hp or 110 hp (82 kW) version also used by Ford, Mazda, Volvo, Mini, Peugeot and Citroën. This particular engine was designed by Peugeot[5] engineers on behalf of PSA and Ford. Due to high demand, it is currently (2008) being produced in both France and England.

1.8 "Lynx"

The Duratorq DLD-418 is a 1.8 L (1753 cc) intercooled common rail diesel engine. It is completely unrelated to the 1.4/1.6 units, and is a development of Ford's 1.8 8v Endura-D engine that saw service through the 1980s and 1990s. However, Ford considers it part of the DLD family, as evidenced by the official "DLD" name.

The Endura-D was heavily revised and updated with a variable-vane turbocharger and a Delphi high-pressure common rail injection system and relaunched in 2001 as the 'DuraTorq TDCi', with the original engine being rebadged 'DuraTorq TDDi'.

ZSD ("Puma")

Name Year Displacement Maximum power Maximum torque
ZSD-4202000–20011,998 cc (1.998 L; 121.9 cu in) (?x?) I4115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp)280 N·m (210 lb·ft)
ZSD-420 (Duratorq TDCi)2001–20021,998 cc (1.998 L; 121.9 cu in) (?x?) I4130 PS (96 kW; 130 hp) 330 N·m (240 lb·ft)
ZSD-420 (Duratorq TDDi)2002-1,998 cc (1.998 L; 121.9 cu in) (?x?) I4115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp)280 N·m (210 lb·ft)
ZSD-422 (Duratorq TDCi)2,184 cc (2.184 L; 133.3 cu in) (?x?)155 PS (114 kW; 153 hp) I4360 N·m (270 lb·ft)
ZSD-422 (Duratorq TDCi)?2,184 cc (2.184 L; 133.3 cu in) (?x?) I485 PS (63 kW; 84 hp)250 N·m (180 lb·ft)
ZSD-422 (Duratorq TDCi)?2,184 cc (2.184 L; 133.3 cu in) (?x?) I4115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp)300 N·m (220 lb·ft)
ZSD-422 (Duratorq TDCi)?2,184 cc (2.184 L; 133.3 cu in) (?x?) I4140 PS (100 kW; 140 hp)350 N·m (260 lb·ft)
ZSD-424 (Duratorq TDCi)?2,402 cc (2.402 L; 146.6 cu in) (?x?) I4100 PS (74 kW; 99 hp)285 N·m (210 lb·ft)
ZSD-424 (Duratorq TDCi)?2,402 cc (2.402 L; 146.6 cu in) (?x?) I4115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp)310 N·m (230 lb·ft)
ZSD-424 (Duratorq TDCi)?2,402 cc (2.402 L; 146.6 cu in) (?x?) I4140 PS (100 kW; 140 hp)375 N·m (277 lb·ft)
2.5 (WLC) (Duratorq TDCi)2006-2,499 cc (2.499 L; 152.5 cu in) (93 mm (3.7 in)x92 mm (3.6 in)) I4143 PS (105 kW; 141 hp)@3500330 N·m (240 lb·ft)@1800
3.0 (WEC) (Duratorq TDCi)2006-2,953 cc (2.953 L; 180.2 cu in) (96 mm (3.8 in)x102 mm (4.0 in)) I4156 PS (115 kW; 154 hp)@3200380 N·m (280 lb·ft)@1800
3.2 (Duratorq TDCi)2006-3,198 cc (3.198 L; 195.2 cu in) (89.9 mm (3.54 in)x100.7 mm (3.96 in)) I5200 PS (150 kW; 200 hp)470 N·m (350 lb·ft)
3.2 (Power Stroke)2014-3,198 cc (3.198 L; 195.2 cu in) (89.9 mm (3.54 in)x100.7 mm (3.96 in)) I5188 PS (138 kW; 185 hp)470 N·m (350 lb·ft)

Codenamed Puma during development, these Ford 2.0 L, 2.2 L, and 2.4 L engines are called ZSD. They are produced at the company's Dagenham plant in east London.

Note: the 2.5 and 3.0L "W" engines in above table are NOT Puma engines. They are Mazda designed commercial Diesel engines with no commonality to Puma. The "W" engine family is used in the Asia Pacific Ranger and Everest models currently running out.

2.0

Ford Mondeo Mk3 2.0 TDCi 130, Ford Duratorq 2.0 L engine (1998 cc).

Released in 2000, to coincide with the launch of the Mk3 Ford Mondeo, the Duratorq ZSD-420 was initially available as a 2.0L (1998 cc) direct injection turbodiesel. Producing 115 PS (113 hp/85 kW) and 280 Nm (207 lb·ft) it was a vast improvement over the 1.8 Endura-D powering the Mk2 Mondeo. It featured a 16-valve cylinder head with twin chain driven camshafts and utilised a variable geometry turbocharger with overboost function.

In late 2001 the engine was fitted with Delphi common rail fuel injection and called the Duratorq TDCi (Turbo Diesel Commonrail injection), with the original unit being renamed the Duratorq TDDi (Turbo Diesel Direct injection). Although generally identical to the original engine, the addition of the common rail system meant power was increased to 130 PS (128 hp/95 kW), with torque rising to 330 Nm (244 lb·ft). In 2002 the Duratorq TDDi was replaced by a detuned version of the Duratorq TDCi. Producing 115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp) and 285 N·m (210 lb·ft), this unit used a fixed geometry turbocharger in place of the variable geometry unit used in the TDDi and 130 PS (96 kW; 128 hp) TDCi.

With 2005 came another detuned version of the TDCi for the Mondeo. Producing 90 PS (89 hp/66 kW) and 280 Nm (207 lb·ft), this engine was substantially cheaper than other versions and was mainly targeted at fleet buyers.

Applications:

2.2

In 2005, Ford introduced the Duratorq ZSD-422, a 2.2 L (2184 cc) turbodiesel for top-of-the-range versions of the Mondeo and Jaguar X-Type which produced 155 PS (153 hp/114 kW). This is unrelated to the PSA DW12 2.2 unit used in Peugeot and Citroën applications.

Applications:

2.4

The 2,402 cc (2.402 L; 146.6 cu in) Duratorq ZSD-424 is a turbocharged and intercooled Diesel. Output is 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp) to 137 PS (101 kW; 135 hp) and 185 N·m (136 lb·ft) to 375 N·m (277 lb·ft).

Applications:

2.5 (Mazda WLC)

Introduced for the Thailand-built 2007 Ford Ranger (J97U) is a 2.5L diesel engine. This truck is a clone of the Mazda B-Series and thus the engine is a Mazda engine. It has a bore of 93mm and a stroke of 92mm. The engine has no commonality to Ford's "Puma" engine or VM Motori. It is a development of the IDI Mazda 2.2L normally aspirated, later 2.5L NA and Turbo and later 2.9L NA, with Bosch common-rail direct injection and a variable geometry turbocharger. The WLC engine code is a Mazda engine code, not being changed for use in the Mazda B-Series clone Ford Ranger. It produces 143 PS (105 kW; 141 hp)@3500 rpm and 330 N·m (240 lb·ft)@1800rpm.[6]

3.0 (Mazda WEC)

A 3.0L Mazda W-engine similar to the 2.5 is also used in the 2007 Ranger as the top of the range. Displacement is increased with a wider bore of 96mm and longer stroke of 102mm. It produces 156 PS (115 kW; 154 hp)@3200 rpm and 380 N·m (280 lb·ft)@1800 rpm.

The W-engine family remains a Mazda engine and has no commonality to "Puma"

3.2

The 3.2 is an I5 engine used in the Ford Transit, the Ford Ranger, Mazda BT-50 and the Vivarail. For the North American-spec Transit, the 3.2L Duratorq is modified to meet American and Canadian emissions standards and is branded as a Power Stroke engine. The 3.2 Power Stroke is rated 188 PS (138 kW; 185 hp) and 470 N·m (350 lb·ft).[7]

2005 TDCi (PSA DW Based)

Main article: PSA EW/DW engine

Continuing the Ford/PSA diesel engine joint-venture, these straight-four engines are again sold under the Duratorq TDCi name by Ford, and as the HDi by Citroën and Peugeot. A development of the existing DW10/DW12 engine, the new engines have a traditional belt-driven system, moving away from the chain-driven camshafts of the previous generation (Puma) TDCi engines. Both engines utilise common rail diesel technology and are the result of the fourth phase of the cooperation between PSA and Ford (initiated in 1998).

Both engines utilise all-new, third-generation common rail injection systems. The 2.0 engines utilising a system from Siemens and the 2.2 a system from Bosch. In both systems the injection pressure has been increased to 1800 bar. This higher injection pressure, associated with new piezo-electric injectors in which each nozzle is equipped with seven apertures (instead of five previously), allows the number of injections to be multiplied (potentially up to six per cycle) and ensures meticulous uniformity of the diesel injection spray pattern. As a result of this optimised air/diesel mix, combustion is more complete and more uniform, and therefore reduces emissions at source.

2.0

Based on the PSA DW10 engine and with a capacity of 1997 cc, this engine was developed by Peugeot engineers in France on behalf of both PSA and Ford Motor Company. Production is currently taking place in France and Skövde in Sweden. The engine was released to Ford models in 2005 Ford Focus, and followed in the 2007 Mk IV Mondeo. It features a 16-valve cylinder head with twin belt driven camshafts (inlet camshaft connected to cambelt with exhaust camshaft indirectly linked via a timing chain) and utilises a variable geometry turbocharger with overboost function. An intercooler is always present, as opposed to some applications of its predecessor.

In the 2005 Focus, output is a respectable 136 PS (134 hp/100 kW). In the 2007 Mondeo it is offered with 130 PS (128 hp/96 kW) or 140 PS (138 hp/103 kW), mated to a manual or 6-speed Durashift automatic gearbox. In early 2010 this 2.0 unit was updated, as well as the existing 138 bhp version, a new 163 bhp (120 kW) with 340Nm of torque was added to the range.

Applications:

Other Applications:

2.2

Based on the PSA DW12 engine and with a capacity of 2179 cc, this engine was released in April 2008 by Ford in the Mk IV Mondeo, soon following in the Ford S-Max and Ford Galaxy. It has been engineered by Ford in England, as described in the fourth phase of the joint-venture agreement with PSA. Production takes place in PSA's Tremery plant. It features a 16-valve cylinder head with twin belt driven camshafts and utilises a variable geometry turbocharger with overboost function, rather than the twin turbo approach of Peugeot and Citroen. The result is a very respectable 175 PS (172 hp/129 kW) complete with 295 lb·ft (400 N·m) of torque, although 310 lb·ft (420 N·m) is temporarily available thanks to the transient overboost function.

In 2010 Ford and PSA revised the engine with a new turbocharger and a new power output of 200 PS with a torque of 420 N·m and even 450 N·m at overboost conditions while the emissions are at Euro 5 level.

Applications:

Other applications:

V6

AJD-V6/DT17

Main article: Ford AJD-V6/PSA DT17

The 2.7 L (2720 cc) V6 is built by Ford and Jaguar Cars at their Dagenham facility, and was designed by Ford engineers at their Dunton and Whitley product development centres. It is called AJD-V6 by Jaguar and DT17 by PSA Peugeot Citroën.

Ford and PSA extended their Diesel engine joint-venture in October, 1999, to include this V6 engine.

Applications:

V8

AJD-V8

Main article: Jaguar AJD-V6 engine

The 3.6 L V8 is built at the Chihuahua Engine Plant in Mexico. It is a twin-turbocharged Diesel V8 producing 270 PS (266 hp/199 kW) and 640 N·m (472 lb·ft). Production began in April 2006. It is very closely related to the 2.7L V6 version (same bore & stroke) and was designed at Ford's Dagenham Diesel Centre product development site, with input from Land Rover powertrain team.

Applications:

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://media.ford.com/article_download.cfm?article_id=21706
  2. ↑ "news: PSA Peugeot Citroën and Ford unveil new diesel engines". Dieselnet.com. 2003-02-20. Retrieved 2011-11-05.
  3. ↑ "news: THE PANTHER PROGRAM". 2015-03-04. Retrieved 2015-03-04.
  4. ↑ The new Ford B-MAX at ford.com
  5. ↑ "Cooperating on diesel engines since 1998". psa-peugeot-citroen.com. 2010-08-04. Retrieved 2011-12-02.
  6. ↑ ALL NEW FORD RANGER MAKES WORLD DEBUT IN THAILAND Ford press release, March 7, 2006
  7. ↑ "2015 Ford Transit-Features". Ford Motor Company. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
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