Fort MacDowall

Fort MacDowall
Part of Matale District
Matale, Sri Lanka
Fort MacDowall
Coordinates	7°27′55″N 80°37′20″E / 7.465225°N 80.622195°E / 7.465225; 80.622195
Type	Defence fort
Site information
Condition	Remnant
Site history
Built	1803
Built by	British
Battles/wars	Matale Rebellion

Fort MacDowall was located in Matale. It was a fortified outpost during the Kandyan Wars, named after Major General Hay MacDowall, the 6th Commander of British Troops in Ceylon. The fort was one of the few inland forts constructed by the British and was completed in 1803.^[1]

During the Matale Rebellion, on 28 July 1848, the fort came under siege by approximately 400 rebels led by Weera Puran Appu and Gongalegoda Banda,^[2] but the British forces repulsed the attack. The rebels also burnt down a coffee storehouse and ransacked the Matale Kachcheri destroying the tax records. On 29 July 1848, the then British Governor, Viscount Torrington, declared martial law over the area. British troops (the Ceylon Rifle Regiment), under the command of Captain Albert Watson, were sent from Kandy, on 28 July 1848, together with the 19th Regiment, commanded by Captain Lillie. On 29 July 1848 the British attacked the rebels' stronghold on the Wariyapola Estate, massacring the peasants and subsequently recaptured and occupied Matale’s administrative centre. In the resultant suppression of the resident population, Captain Watson and Captain Lillie rounded up a number of rebel leaders in and around Matale, including Kudapola Sri Rahula Thero, Puran Appu and Gongalegoda Banda. The initial government reports indicated that only thirteen rebels were killed at Wariyapola and a further nine rebels executed and buried within Fort MacDowall.^[3] Governor Torrington later admitted "that the total number killed and wounded amounted to little less than two hundred", although unofficially the numbers are purportedly higher.^[4]

The only physical remnants of the fort that exist today are the gateway and portion of the ramparts. The interior of the fort is currently used as the Matale cemetery, which includes a monument to the rebellion.^[3]

References

↑ "Fort MacDowall at Matale". AmazingLanka.com. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
↑ "Matale District". Ceylon Today. 23 December 2012. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
1 2 Weerakoon, Gagani (29 July 2010). "Matale rebellion memorial abandoned". The Nation. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
↑ Vaduga (7 October 2007). "That shameful day in Matale". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 25 November 2014.

Forts of Sri Lanka

Ancient Forts

Colonial Forts

Portuguese Forts	Arandora fort Arippu fort Batticaloa fort Colombo fort Delft Island fort Fort Fredrick Fort Hammenheil Galle fort Haldummulla fort^† Hanwella fort Jaffna fort Kalutara fort Kayts Island fort^† Malwana fort^† Mannar fort Matara fort Menikkadawara fort^† Negombo fort Pooneryn fort Ratnapura Portuguese fort^† Ruwanwella fort

Dutch Forts	Elephant Pass fort Fort Beschutter Fort Ostenburg Fort Pyl Kalpitiya fort Kankesanthurai fort Katuwana fort Koddiyar fort Mullaitivu fort Point Pedro fort Ratnapura Dutch fort Star fort Tangalle fort

British Forts	Fort MacDowall Martello tower

Less or no contribution/renovation works of Dutch are marked by † symbol under "Portuguese Forts", and others are considered as Dutch forts too.

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