Francis and Eliza (1782 ship)

History
Name: Francis and Eliza
Builder: River Thames, England
Launched: 1782
General characteristics
Tons burthen: 345, or 346,[1] or 383 44⁄94 (bm)
Length: 109 ft 1 in (33.2 m) (stem to stern)
Beam: 28 ft 6 in (8.7 m)
Propulsion: Sail
Complement: 35 (1797)
Armament:
Notes: Two decks, three masts,

Francis and Eliza was a brig built in 1782 upon the River Thames, England. An American privateer captured her in 1815 while she was transporting convicts from Ireland to Port Jackson, New South Wales, and then released her.

French Revolutionary Wars

On 20 January 1797 Captain Thomas Todd received a letter of marque for Francis and Eliza.[1]

Napoleonic Wars

On 1 January 1804 Francis and Elizabeth was one of a convoy of leaving Portsmouth for the West Indies. On 1 February 43 vessels, including Francis and Eliza returned to Plymouth, together with their escort, Courageux.[3]

In November 1813, under Captain William Harrison and as part of a fleet escorted by HMS Jalouse, Francis and Eliza transported injured troops and some French prisoners from St. Andero back to England.

Convict transport

Francis & Eliza and Canada were the next convict ships to depart Ireland bound for New South Wales after the departure of Archduke Charles in May 1812. They departed Cork, Ireland, in convoy on 5 December 1814. Francis & Eliza was under the command of William Harrison and carried 54 male and 69 female convicts.

On 4 January 1815, off the Coast of Madeira, Francis and Eliza having parted from the convoy in a storm, had the misfortune to encounter the American 21-gun privateer Warrior, under the command of Guy Champlin.[4] After the Americans had stripped Francis and Eliza of her guns and ammunition they allowed her to sail on. A few of her crew joined the Americans. She arrived in Teneriffe around 20 January.[Note 1]

Francis and Eliza arrived at Port Jackson on 9 August. Two male and four female convicts had died on the voyage. She left Port Jackson on 26 October bound for Batavia.[5] On 3 January 1816 she was in the Straits of Sunda on her way to Batavia.[6]

Francis and Eliza was at the Cape in late July, and on 31 August was at St Helena. She arrived at Mounts Bay, Ireland, on 8 October, under the command of Captain Kennedy. William Harrison had died on the voyage.[7]

Seizure

Lloyd's List reported that Francis and Eliza had been seized at New Orleans for breach of the Navigation Laws and was to be sold on 25 February 1820.[8]

On 28 February 11819 Francis and Eliza left London for Margarita Island. She was carrying 170-180 men and arms for Simon Bolivar's army there. She stopped at Trinidad and the sailed on, arriving in early April. She delivered her passengers and cargo and then remained in the area until 8 November, looking for other employment. She then sailed for New Orleans with William Coates as her captain. He was the fourth master since she left England on this voyage. On her way she stopped outside Falmouth, Jamaica, to replenish her provisions as her crew had been on short rations for some time. Coates went into Falmouth on a boat to procure provisions, and to register with the authorities there as Francis and Eliza's new master, they would not register him as master, however, unless he brought her into port. Coates refused and after securing some supplies that were brought out to her, sailed to New Orleans. As she arrived, the U.S. coastguard hailed her and asked where she was from. Coates replied, "Jamaica". At that point the Americans arrested Francis and Eliza. The issue was that as Britain had closed certain ports to American ships, the United States passed a Navigation Act that specified that a British ship that stopped at one of these ports, such as for example Falmouth, was subject to seizure.[9]

Francis and Eliza was libeled on 11 December 1819 and condemned on 31 December. The court ruled that Francis and Eliza had stopped at Falmouth seeking a cargo, and so was in violation of the American law.[9]

The court sold her on 25 February 1820 to Duman de la Croix for US$6,435 inclusive of 20 guns and some water casks. The owners, Charles Herring and Christopher Richardson, of London, protested the seizure and sale, and in 1823 the Supreme Court of the United States held for the owners. Because she had been sold and so could not be restored to her owners, the United States Government returned her purchase price to them less certain costs.[9]

Fate

Currently it is unclear what happened to Francis and Eliza after her sale to de la Croix.

Notes, citations and references

Notes
  1. ↑ Warrior also captured Hope, Pringle, master, which had been sailing from Glasgow to the river Plate.[4]
Citations
  1. 1 2 Letter of Marque, - accessed 14 May 2011.
  2. ↑ Lloyd's Register (1815), Seq.№F585.
  3. ↑ Lloyd's List №4424. Accessed 1 December 2016.
  4. 1 2 Lloyd's List, no. 4947 - accessed 11 August 2015.
  5. ↑ "Arrival of Vessels at Port Jackson, and their Departure". Australian Town and Country Journal, Saturday 3 January 1891, p.16. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  6. ↑ Lloyd's List, no.5070 - accessed 11 August 2015.
  7. ↑ The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Miscellany, (November 1816), Vol. 2, p.535.
  8. ↑ Lloyd's List №5478.
  9. 1 2 3 House..., Doc. 64.
References
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