Gluconate-proton symporter

Gluconate:H+ Symporter
Identifiers
Symbol GntP
Pfam PF02447
InterPro IPR003474

The gluconate:H+ symporter (GntP) family (TC# 2.A.8) is a family of transport proteins belonging to the ion transporter (IT) superfamily.[1] Members of the GntP family include known gluconate permeases of E. coli and Bacillus species such as the D-Gluconate:H+ symporter of Bacillus subtillus (GntP; TC# 2.A.8.1.1) and the D-fructuronate/D-gluconate:H+ symporter of E. coli (GntP; TC# 2.A.8.1.3).[2][3][4] A representative list of proteins belonging to the GntP family can be found in the Transporter Classification Database.[5]

Structure

Bioinformatic analysis suggests these proteins are of about 450 residues and possess 12 or 14 putative transmembrane α-helical spanners. No crystal structure data are available for GntP proteins as of early 2016.

Function

Four of the seven E. coli paralogues have been found to possess active gluconate uptake activity, and one of them (GntW; TC# 2.A.8.1.2) can accommodate both L-idonate and D-gluconate, although L-idonate is the physiological substrate. Another (GntP) transports D-gluconate with high affinity but is specifically induced by and transports D-fructuronate.[4] GntT of E. coli is the physiological gluconate permease.[6]

Transport reaction

The generalized transport reaction catalyzed by proteins of the GntP family is:

Carbohydrate acid (out) + nH+ (out) → Carbohydrate acid (in) + nH+ (in)

References

  1. ↑ Prakash, Shraddha; Cooper, Garret; Singhi, Soumya; Saier, Milton H. (2003-12-03). "The ion transporter superfamily". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1618 (1): 79–92. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2003.10.010. ISSN 0006-3002. PMID 14643936.
  2. ↑ Peekhaus, N.; Tong, S.; Reizer, J.; Saier, M. H.; Murray, E.; Conway, T. (1997-02-15). "Characterization of a novel transporter family that includes multiple Escherichia coli gluconate transporters and their homologues". FEMS microbiology letters. 147 (2): 233–238. ISSN 0378-1097. PMID 9119199.
  3. ↑ Reizer, A.; Deutscher, J.; Saier, M. H.; Reizer, J. (1991-05-01). "Analysis of the gluconate (gnt) operon of Bacillus subtilis". Molecular Microbiology. 5 (5): 1081–1089. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01880.x. ISSN 0950-382X. PMID 1659648.
  4. 1 2 Bates Utz, Cristina; Nguyen, Ann B.; Smalley, Darren J.; Anderson, April B.; Conway, Tyrrell (2004-11-01). "GntP is the Escherichia coli Fructuronic acid transporter and belongs to the UxuR regulon". Journal of Bacteriology. 186 (22): 7690–7696. doi:10.1128/JB.186.22.7690-7696.2004. ISSN 0021-9193. PMC 524916Freely accessible. PMID 15516583.
  5. ↑ "2.A.8 The Gluconate:H+ Symporter (GntP) Family". Transporter Classification Database. Retrieved 2016-03-04.
  6. ↑ Porco, A.; Peekhaus, N.; Bausch, C.; Tong, S.; Isturiz, T.; Conway, T. (1997-03-01). "Molecular genetic characterization of the Escherichia coli gntT gene of GntI, the main system for gluconate metabolism". Journal of Bacteriology. 179 (5): 1584–1590. ISSN 0021-9193. PMC 178870Freely accessible. PMID 9045817.

As of 9 March 2016, this article is derived in whole or in part from Transporter Classification Database. The copyright holder has licensed the content in a manner that permits reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 and GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed. The original text was at "The Gluconate:H+ Symporter (GntP) Family".


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