Glycoside hydrolase family 19
| Glycosyl hydrolases family 19 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 the refined crystal structure of an endochitinase from hordeum vulgare l. seeds to 1.8 angstroms resolution | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Glyco_hydro_19 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF00182 | ||||||||
| Pfam clan | CL0037 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR000726 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC00620 | ||||||||
| SCOP | 2baa | ||||||||
| SUPERFAMILY | 2baa | ||||||||
| CAZy | GH19 | ||||||||
| CDD | cd00325 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
In molecular biology, Glycoside hydrolase family 19 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families.[1][2][3] This classification is available on the CAZy(http://www.cazy.org/GH1.html) web site,[4] and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.[5]
Glycoside hydrolase family 19 CAZY GH_19 comprises enzymes with only one known activity; chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14).
Chitinases[6] are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the beta-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine linkages in chitin polymers. Chitinases belong to glycoside hydrolase families 18 or 19.[7] Chitinases of family 19 (also known as classes IA or I and IB or II) are enzymes from plants that function in the defence against fungal and insect pathogens by destroying their chitin-containing cell wall. Class IA/I and IB/II enzymes differ in the presence (IA/I) or absence (IB/II) of a N-terminal chitin-binding domain. The catalytic domain of these enzymes consist of about 220 to 230 amino acid residues.
References
- ↑ Henrissat B, Callebaut I, Mornon JP, Fabrega S, Lehn P, Davies G (1995). "Conserved catalytic machinery and the prediction of a common fold for several families of glycosyl hydrolases". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (15): 7090–7094. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.15.7090. PMC 41477
. PMID 7624375. - ↑ Henrissat B, Davies G (1995). "Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases". Structure. 3 (9): 853–859. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00220-9. PMID 8535779.
- ↑ Bairoch, A. "Classification of glycosyl hydrolase families and index of glycosyl hydrolase entries in SWISS-PROT". 1999.
- ↑ Henrissat, B. and Coutinho P.M. "Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes server". 1999.
- ↑ CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate-active enzymes.
- ↑ Jolles P, Flach J, Pilet PE (1992). "What's new in chitinase research?". Experientia. 48 (8): 701–716. doi:10.1007/BF02124285. PMID 1516675.
- ↑ Henrissat B (December 1991). "A classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities". Biochem. J. 280 (2): 309–16. doi:10.1042/bj2800309. PMC 1130547. PMID 1747104.
This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR000726