Golin language
"Golin" redirects here. For other uses, see Golin (disambiguation).
Golin | |
---|---|
Region | Gumine District, Simbu Province |
Native speakers | (51,000 cited 1981)[1] |
Latin | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 |
gvf |
Glottolog |
goli1247 [2] |
Golin (also Gollum, Gumine) is a Papuan language of Papua New Guinea.
Phonology
Vowels
Front | Back | |
---|---|---|
High | ɪ ɪː | ʊ ʊː |
Mid | ɛ ɛː | ɔ ɔː |
Low | ɑ ɑː |
Diphthongs that occur are /ɑi ɑu ɔi ui/. The consonants /l n/ can also be syllabic.
Consonant
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
plain | lab. | plain | Late. | plain | lab. | |||
Nasal | m | n | ||||||
Stop | voiceless /voiced |
p b |
(bʷ) |
t d |
k ɡ |
(gʷ) | ||
Fricative | s~ʃ | ɬ~ ɬ |
||||||
Approximant | j | w | ||||||
Trill | r |
/bʷ ɡʷ/ are treated as single consonants by Bunn & Bunn (1970), but as combinations of /b/ + /w/, /ɡ/ + /w/ by Evans et al. (2005).
Two consonants appear to allow free variation in their realisations: [s] varies with [ʃ], and [l] with [l].
/n/ assimilates to [ŋ] before /k/ and /ɡ/.
Tone
Golin is a tonal language, distinguishing high, mid, and low tone.
References
- ↑ Golin at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Golin". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Bunn, Gordon; Bunn, Ruth (1970). "Golin phonology". Pacific Linguistics A. 23: 1–7.
- Bunn, Gordon (1974). "Golin grammar". Working Papers in New Guinea Linguistics. 5.
- Evans, Nicholas; et al. (2005). Materials on Golin: Grammar, texts and dictionary. Parkville: The Dept. Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, The University of Melbourne.
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