Henry Devenish Harben

Henry Devenish Harben (1874 – 18 May 1967) was a British barrister and Liberal Party politician who later joined the Labour Party. He was a notable supporter of women's suffrage.

Early life

The grandson of Henry Harben who founded Prudential Assurance, Harben was educated at Eton College and Magdalen College, Oxford, before qualifying as a barrister. He married Agnes Helen Bostock. He stood unsuccessfully for the Conservative Party in Eye at the 1900 general election, but by 1902 had switched his affiliation to the Liberal Party.^[1] He stood for the Liberal Party in Worcester at the 1906 general election. Although he lost the election, he petitioned the election court on the grounds that supporters of the winner, George Henry Williamson, had engaged in widespread bribery. He won the case, but the seat was left vacant until a by-election in 1908, and the local Liberal Party adopted a new candidate.^[2] Harben next stood in Portsmouth at the December 1910 general election, but came bottom of the poll.^[3]

Fabianism and women's suffrage

By 1910, Harben had joined the Fabian Society, which published his pamphlet, "The Endowment of Motherhood". He was elected to the society's executive the following year,^[1] and was soon acting as its liaison with Clifford Allen's Inter-University Socialist Federation. Although at the time, Liberal Party members were permitted to hold office in the Fabian Society, it was affiliated to the Labour Party and the position of Liberals was a matter of ongoing debate.^[4] A vocal supporter of women's suffrage, he resigned from the Liberals in 1912, stating that he could not remain a member while the party, he claimed, persecuted suffragettes.^[1] Following this, he was appointed to the board of the Daily Herald newspaper, and became treasurer of the Men's Political Union for Women's Enfranchisement.^[1]

Harben gave both financial and practical support to the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) in the run-up to World War I, providing accommodation for Annie Kenney on her release from prison, and making the same offer to leading figures in the movement. He also provided £50 funding annually to Sylvia Pankhurst's East London Federation of Suffragettes.^[1] He also began funding labour movement publications, giving enough money to the Daily Herald that it was able to purchase its own printing press and remain open,^[1] and being one of a small group who funded the setting up of the New Statesman.^[5]

Harben and his wife, Agnes Bostock, attended the International Woman Suffrage Alliance conference in 1913. Agnes was active in the WSPU, but left the following year, while Harben left the Men's Political Union, Agnes becoming a founder member of the United Suffragists. Despite this, Harben visited Christabel Pankhurst in Paris to inform her that she could rely on his financial support on matters relating to women's suffrage.^[1]

Later life

During the war, Harben bought the Hotel Majestic in Paris and converted it into a hospital. He also joined the Labour Party, and stood for it, unsuccessfully, at the Woodbridge by-election, 1920. He retained his friendship with Sylvia Pankhurst, and paid for her son Richard's university education.^[1]

Harben's son, also Henry Harben, became a first-class cricketer.

References

1. Elizabeth Crawford, The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide 1866-1928, pp.269-271
2. "British by-election", The Argus, 10 February 1908, p.7
3. Duncan Tanner, Political Change and the Labour Party 1900-1918, p.191
4. Patricia Pugh, Educate, Agitate, Organize, p.104
5. C. N. Parkinson, Left Luggage