HMS Saturn (1786)

History
UK
Name: HMS Saturn
Ordered: 22 December 1781
Builder: Raymond, Northam
Laid down: August 1782
Launched: 22 November 1786
Honours and
awards:
Fate: Broken up, 1868
General characteristics [1]
Class and type: Arrogant class ship of the line
Tons burthen: 1646 (bm)
Length: 168 ft (51 m) (gundeck)
Beam: 46 ft 9 in (14.25 m)
Depth of hold: 19 ft 9 in (6.02 m)
Propulsion: Sails
Sail plan: Full rigged ship
Armament:
  • Gundeck: 28 × 32-pounder guns
  • Upper gundeck: 28 × 18-pounder guns
  • QD: 14 × 9-pounder guns
  • Fc: 4 × 9-pounder guns

HMS Saturn was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 22 November 1786 at Northam.[1]

In 1801, she served in the Channel Fleet under the command of Capt. Boyles. Then under Capt. Robert Lambert she sailed with Admiral Sir Hyde Parker's expedition to the Baltic. She was present at the Battle of Copenhagen as part of Admiral Sir Hyde Parker's reserve.[2]

Saturn was reduced to a 58-gun ship in 1813 at the Plymouth dockyards in preparation for service in the War of 1812. On 14 February 1814, under Capt. James Nash, Saturn sailed for Bermuda; later she was on the Halifax station. She then served as part of the blockading-squadron off New York until the War of 1812 ended with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent in 1814.

On 25 May 1814 Saturn captured the American privateer schooner Hussar, of 211 tons (bm), at 40°8′N 73°28′W / 40.133°N 73.467°W / 40.133; -73.467 after a four-hour chase. Hussar was armed with one 12-pounder gun and nine 12-pounder carronades, eight of which she threw overboard during the chase. Her complement consisted of 98 men. She had been in commission for only a week and had left New York the previous evening for her first cruise, bound for Newfoundland; she was provisioned for a four-month cruise. Nash described her as "coppered, copper-fastened, and sails remarkably fast".[3][Note 1] Hussar had been launched in 1812 and had made previous cruises, but apparently without success.[5] She was under the command of Francis Jenkins when Saturn captured her.[6]

From January 1815, Captain Thomas Brown, assumed command until in April 1815 Capt. Nash returned to command.[2]

Fate

From 1825 Saturn was on harbour service at Milford Haven. She was broken up in 1868. At that time she was the last survivor of her class of 12 ships.[1]

Notes, citations, and references

Notes
  1. ↑ Head money was paid in May 1816. A first-class share was worth £105 12s 10d; a sixth-class share, that of an ordinary seaman, was worth 8s 3d.[4]
Citations
  1. 1 2 3 Lavery, Ships of the Line vol.1, p180.
  2. 1 2 "HMS Saturn (1786)". Michael Phillips’ Ships of the Old Navy. Retrieved 19 Dec 2011.
  3. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 16916. p. 1415. 12 July 1814.
  4. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 17136. p. 911. 14 May 1816.
  5. ↑ Cranwell and Crane (1940).
  6. ↑ Emmons (1853), p.182.
References
  • Cranwell, John Philips, & William Bowers Crane (1940) Men of marque; a history of private armed vessels out of Baltimore during the War of 1812. (New York, W.W. Norton & Co.).
  • Emmons, George Foster (1853) The navy of the United States, from the commencement, 1775 to 1853; with a brief history of each vessel’s service and fate ... Comp. by Lieut. George F. Emmons ... under the authority of the Navy Dept. To which is added a list of private armed vessels, fitted out under the American flag ... also a list of the revenue and coast survey vessels, and principal ocean steamers, belonging to citizens of the United States in 1850. (Washington: Gideon & Co.)
  • Lavery, Brian (2003) The Ship of the Line - Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650-1850. Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-252-8.
  • Winfield, Rif (2008). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth. ISBN 1-86176-246-1. 


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