Hamlet (place)

A hamlet is a small human settlement. In different jurisdictions and geographies, hamlets may be the size of a town, village or parish, be considered a smaller settlement or subdivision of a larger, or be treated as a satellite entity to a larger settlement. The word and concept of a hamlet have roots in the Anglo-Norman settlement of England, where the old French hemelet came to apply to small human settlements.

Etymology

The word comes from Anglo-Norman hamelet(t)e, corresponding to Old French hamelet, the diminutive of Old French hamel. This, in turn, is a diminutive of Old French ham, possibly borrowed from Franconian languages. Compare with modern French Hameau, Dutch heem, German Heim, Old English hām and Modern English home.[1]

Australia

In Australia a hamlet is a small village. Officially, a hamlet differs from a village in having no commercial premises, but has residences and may have community buildings such as churches and public halls.

Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, Hamlet is known as "Para" or "Paara" (Bengali language: পাড়া). A village is divided by more than one "Para". That is the smallest partition of a place in Bangladesh. Each para contains some families, or a group of families.

Canada

In Canada's three territories, hamlets are officially designated municipalities.[2] As of January 1, 2010:

In Canada's provinces, hamlets are usually small unincorporated communities within a larger municipality, such as many communities within the single-tier municipalities of Ontario or within Alberta's specialized and rural municipalities.[7]

Canada's two largest hamlets – Fort McMurray (formerly incorporated as a city)[8] and Sherwood Park – are located in Alberta. They each have populations, within their main urban area, in excess of 60,000—well in excess of the 10,000-person threshold that can choose to incorporate as a city in Alberta.[9][10] As such, these two hamlets have been further designated by the Province of Alberta as urban service areas.[11] An urban service area is recognized as equivalent to a city for the purposes of provincial and federal program delivery and grant eligibility.[12][13]

France

During the 18th century, for rich or noble people, it was up-to-date to create their own hameau (hamlet) in their gardens. They were a group of some houses or farms with rustic appearance, but in fact were very comfortable. The best known in the Hameau de la Reine built by the queen Marie-Antoinette in the park of the Château de Versailles. Or the Hameau de Chantilly built by Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé in Chantilly, Oise.

Lieu-dit (local name) is another name for hamlet. The difference is that a hamlet is permanently inhabited, but a lieu-dit is not (in winter for example, or when the lieu-dit is only an important road crossing).

Germany

In Germany hamlets are called Weiler (German: [ˈva͡ɪlɐ]). They are often part of bigger villages and municipalities. Most German hamlets are situated in Bavaria, Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse. In the low Saxon dialect of northwestern Germany hamlets are called Bauerschaft.

India

In different states of India, there are different words for hamlet. In Gujarat a hamlet is called a "nesada," which are more prevalent in the Gir forest. In Maharashtra it's called a "paadaa". In southern Bihar, especially in the Magadh division, a hamlet is called a "bigha".

Indonesia

The hamlet Kampung Naga in West Java Province, Indonesia

All over Indonesia, hamlets are translated as "small village", or kampung. They are known as dusun in Central Java and East Java, banjar in Bali, jorong or kampuang in West Sumatra.

Pakistan

In Pakistan a hamlet is called a "gron" (pronounced as "grona" with some nasilisation at the end).

Romania

In Romania hamlets are called cătunuri (singular: cătun), and they represent villages that contain several houses at most. They are legally considered villages, and statistically, they are placed in the same category. Like villages, they do not have a separate administration, and thus are not an administrative division, but are part of a parent commune.

Switzerland

In the four national languages hamlets are known as Weiler (German), hameaux (French), frazioni (Italian) and fracziun (Romansh). A hamlet is always part of a larger municipality or may be shared between two municipalities. The difference between a hamlet and a village is that typically a hamlet lacks a compact core settlement and lacks a central building such as a church or inn. However, some hamlets (Kirchwiler) may have grown up as an unplanned settlement around a church.[14] There is no population limit that defines a hamlet and some hamlets have a larger population than some of the smallest municipalities. Generally there are no street names in a hamlet; rather, addresses are given by hamlet name and a number. House numbers might start at one side of the hamlet and continue to the other side or may have no clear organization.

A hamlet may form or have formed a Bürgergemeinde (legal place of citizenship regardless of where a person was born or currently lives) and may own common property for the Bürgergemeinde.

Ukraine

In Ukraine a very small village such as the hamlet usually is called a hutir.[15]

United Kingdom

Bodiggo in Cornwall

In the United Kingdom, the word 'hamlet' is derived from the word "Ham", meaning a house or village without a church. [16] although hamlets are recognised as part of land use planning policies and administration. In modern usage it generally refers to a secondary settlement in a civil parish, after the main settlement (if any). Hamlets may have been formed around a single source of economic activity such as a farm, mill, mine or harbour that employed its working population. Some hamlets, particularly those that have a medieval church, may be the result of the depopulation of a village; an example of such a hamlet is Graby.

The term hamlet was used in some parts of the country for a geographical subdivision of a parish (which might or might not contain a settlement). Elsewhere, these subdivisions were called "townships" or "tithings".[17][18]

In the Scottish Highlands the term clachan, of Gaelic derivation, may be preferred to the term "hamlet".[19] Also found in Scotland more generally is "fermtoun" used in the specific case of a settlement of agricultural workers' homes.

In Northern Ireland the common Irish place name element baile is sometimes considered equivalent to the term "hamlet" in English, although baile would actually have referred to what is known in English today as a townland: that is to say, a geographical locality rather than a small village.

United States

Mississippi

In Mississippi, a 2009 state law (§ 17-27-5) set aside the term "municipal historical hamlet" to designate any former city, town or village with a current population of less than six hundred (600) inhabitants that lost its charter before 1945. The first such designation was applied to the town of Bogue Chitto, Lincoln County, Mississippi.

New York

In New York, hamlets are unincorporated settlements within towns. Hamlets are usually not legal entities and have no local government or official boundaries. Their approximate locations will often be noted on road signs, however.

A hamlet usually depends upon the town that contains it for municipal services and government. A hamlet could be described as the rural or suburban equivalent of a neighborhood in a city or village. The area of a hamlet may not be exactly defined and may simply be contained within the ZIP code of its post office, or may be defined by its school or fire district. Some hamlets proximate to urban areas are sometimes continuous with their cities and appear to be neighborhoods, but they still are under the jurisdiction of the town. Some hamlets, such as Levittown in the Town of Hempstead, with a population of over 50,000, are more populous than some incorporated cities in the state.

Oregon

Main article: Hamlet (Oregon)

In Oregon, specifically in Clackamas County, a hamlet is a form of local government for small communities, which allows the citizens therein to organize and co-ordinate community activities. Hamlets do not provide services such as utilities or fire protection, and do not have the authority to levy taxes or fees. There are four hamlets in Oregon: Beavercreek, Mulino, Molalla Prairie, and Stafford.

Vietnam

In Vietnam hamlet (xóm, ấp) is the lowest unofficial subdivision. It is a subdivision of a commune (xã).

See also

References

  1. ↑ T. F. Hoad, English Etymology, Oxford University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-19-283098-8.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Statistics Canada (2010). "Interim List of Changes to Municipal Boundaries, Status, and Names (From January 2, 2009 to January 1, 2010)" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  3. ↑ Statistics Canada (2010-11-05). "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (Northwest Territories)". Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  4. ↑ Statistics Canada (2010-04-30). "Table 1 Changes to census subdivisions in alphabetical order by province and territory (with 8C and 9C)". Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  5. ↑ Statistics Canada (2010-11-05). "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (Nunavut)". Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  6. ↑ Statistics Canada (2010-11-05). "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (Yukon Territory)". Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  7. ↑ Alberta Municipal Affairs (2010-04-01). "Specialized and Rural Municipalities and Their Communities" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  8. ↑ Alberta Municipal Affairs (2010-11-15). "Municipal Profile – Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo". Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  9. ↑ Alberta Municipal Affairs (2009-09-15). "2009 Official Population List" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  10. ↑ Alberta Queen's Printer (2009-09-15). "2009 Official Population List". Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  11. ↑ Alberta Municipal Affairs (2010-04-01). "2010 Municipal Codes" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  12. ↑ Province of Alberta (1994-12-21). "Order in Council 817/94 (R.M. of Wood Buffalo status change to specialized municipality)" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  13. ↑ Province of Alberta (1995-12-06). "Order in Council 761/95 (Strathcona County status change to specialized municipality)" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-11-17.
  14. ↑ Projektteam SINUS. Landschaftsökologische Strukturmerkmale als Indikatoren der Nachhaltigkeit, Spatial INdices for LandUSe Sustainability (SINUS) (PDF) (Report). University of Vienna. p. 308-317. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
  15. ↑ ХУТІР (Khutir) // Ukrainian Academic Dictionary – Ukrainian: Академічний тлумачний словник української мови
  16. ↑ Hardy-Ivamy, E.R. (1993). Mozley & Whiteley's law dictionary. London: Butterworths. p. 124. ISBN 0-406-01420-5.
  17. ↑ Kain R J P, Oliver R D, Historic Parishes of England & Wales,HDS, 2001, ISBN 0-9540032-0-9, p 12
  18. ↑ "Status definition: Hamlet". A Vision of Britain through Time. Great Britain Historical GIS Project. Retrieved 2007-08-31.
  19. ↑ "Clachan". Dictionary of the Scots Language. Archived from the original on 4 April 2012. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
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