Iflaviridae

Iflaviridae
Virus classification
Group: Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Order: Picornavirales
Family: Iflaviridae
Genus: Iflavirus
Type species
Infectious flacherie virus
Species

See text.

Iflaviridae is a family of positive sense RNA viruses insect-infecting viruses. Some of the insects commonly infected by iflaviruses include aphids, leafhoppers, flies, bees, ants, silkworms and wasps. The name "Ifla" is derived from the name "Infectious flacherie virus", for the type species.[1] There is only one genus (Iflavirus) and nine species in this family, including the type species Infectious flacherie virus.[2][3]

Taxonomy

The family Iflaviridae contains one genus, Iflavirus, with the following nine species:[3]

Structure

Members of this family are insect-infecting viruses that consist of positive single-strand RNA genomes translated into a single polyprotein of ~3000 amino acids long. It encodes helicase, protease and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzymes and four structural proteins (VP1–4). The non-enveloped capsid has an icosahedral T=pseudo3 symmetry and is around 30 nm in diameter. VP1, VP2 and VP3 form the outer portion, with VP4 located internally.[1][2] Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 8.8-9.7kb in length.[2]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic Arrangement Genomic Segmentation
IflavirusIcosahedralPseudo T=3Non-EnvelopedLinear

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by ribosomal skipping. Insects serve as the natural host.[2]

Genus Host Details Tissue Tropism Entry Details Release Details Replication Site Assembly Site Transmission
IflavirusInsectsNoneUnknownUnknownCytoplasmCytoplasmUnknown

Pathogenicity

Several viruses in this family are economically important because they are highly pathogenic to their honeybee and silkworm hosts, while others (including Dinocampus coccinellae paralysis virus, Nasonia vitripennis virus and Venturia canescens picorna-like virus) appear to cause little or no symptoms.[4]

References

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