Iris filifolia

Iris filifolia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Subfamily: Iridoideae
Tribe: Irideae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Xiphium
Species: Iris filifolia
Binomial name
Iris filifolia
Boiss
Synonyms
  • Xiphion filifolium var. latifolium Baker
  • Xiphion filifolium Boiss.
  • Xiphion tingitanum Hook[1]
  • Iris praecox [2]

Iris filifolia is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Xiphium. Its name means 'threadleaved iris'.[3] Filifolia comes from the Greek words, 'fili' meaning thread-like and 'folia' meaning leaf.[4]

In Gibraltar, it is also known as the 'Narrow-leaved Purple Iris'.[5]

It is often mistakenly called 'Spanish Iris'.[6] The Spanish Iris is Iris xiphium.

In 1842, it was first described in 'Voyage botanique en Espagne' Vol 2, page602.[7] Dykes notes that this description is incorrect.[8] It was also described in Curtis's Botanical Magazine No.5929 as 'Xiphion filifolium'.[2]

It was recorded in the Catalogue of Life in 2011.[1]

Habit

It flowers between March and June.[9] Normally more than 2 flowers per stem.[10] When the flowering shoot comes out of the ground it is covered in a purple or white blotched sheath.[11] These then open up to revel red-purple flowers with orange spots on the falls.[9] It normally reaches a height of 10-16 inches (or 25–40 cm).[9] But can reach up to 45 cm tall.[12]

The 3mm wide leaves[11] appear in the autumn.[12]

It is known to be toxic like other bulbs in the genus.[13]

It is best grown in a bulb frame in the UK.[14]

Native

Found originally on Sierra de Mijas[15] and Sierra Bermeja in Spain, at 3,000 to 4,000 feet above sea level.[2] It has also be found in Southwestern Spain,[9] Gibraltar[5] and Tangier in Morocco.[9]

Iris filifolia likes to grow in sandy areas.[16]

Cultivars

Several known cultivars are;[2]

Hybrids

[12]

References

  1. 1 2 Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed), eds. (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist.". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Retrieved 29 July 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "(SPEC) Iris filifolia Boiss.". wiki.irises.org (American Iris Society). Retrieved 29 July 2014.
  3. ↑ Ivan Nikolaevič Filipév, Jacobus Hermanus Schuurmans StekhovenA Manual of Agricultural Helminthology , p. 284, at Google Books
  4. ↑ Stearn, William (1972). A Gardenerer's Dictionary of Plant Names. London: Cassell. pp. 142 and 144. ISBN 0304937215.
  5. 1 2 Linares, Leslie L. "Gibraltar Flora". www.gibraltar.gov.gi. Retrieved 29 July 2014.
  6. ↑ "Iris filifolia". www.webster-dictionary.org. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
  7. ↑ "Iris filifolia Boiss". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
  8. ↑ Dykes, William R. "Dykes on Irises (Reprints of Journals)" (pdf). www.beardlessiris.org. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Austin, Claire. "Irises A Garden Encyclopedia" (pdf). worldtracker.org. p. 291. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
  10. ↑ "Iris filifolia Boiss.". iridaceae.e-monocot.org. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
  11. 1 2 James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey (Editors) The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification, p. 259, at Google Books
  12. 1 2 3 4 British Iris Society (1997)A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation , p. 221, at Google Books
  13. ↑ "Iris filifolia - Boiss.". www.pfaf.org. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
  14. ↑ Cassidy, G.E.; Linnegar, S. (1987). Growing Irises (Revised ed.). Bromley: Christopher Helm. p. 74. ISBN 0-88192-089-4.
  15. ↑ CRESPO VILLALBA, Manuel B. (2012). "Nomenclatural Types OF Iberian Irises (Iris and Related Genera, Iridaceae)" (pdf). Retrieved 30 July 2014.
  16. ↑ Rosenberg, Kristin. "Flowers of Gibraltar". www.unicover.com. Retrieved 29 July 2014.
  17. ↑ Griffiths, David (April 1928). "Production of Certain Iris Bulbs". archive.org (Office of Horticulture, Bureau of Plant Industry). Retrieved 30 July 2014.

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