John Gall (author)

John Gall (1925 - 2014) was an American author and retired pediatrician.[1] Gall is known for his 1975 book General systemantics : an essay on how systems work, and especially how they fail..., a critique of systems theory. One of the statements from this book has become known as Gall's law.

Biography

Gall started his studies in St. Johns College in Annapolis, Maryland. He received further medical training at George Washington University Medical School in Washington, and Yale College. Eventually early 1960s he took his pediatric training at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota.[2]

In the 1960s Gall started as a practicing pediatrician in Ann Arbor, Michigan and became part of the faculty of the University of Michigan. In 2001 he retired after more than forty years of private practice. In the first decades of his practice he had also "conducted weekly seminars in Parenting Strategies for parents, prospective parents, medical students, nursing students, and other health care practitioners."[3] Until 2001 he held the position of Clinical Associate Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Michigan. Since 1958 he has been Fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics.

After he retired, Gall and his wife Carol A. Gall moved to Walker, Minnesota, where he continued writing and published seven more titles. He died in December 2014.

Work

Gall main research interest was the behavioral and developmental problems of children, on which subject he published several scientific papers and some books. As a sideline he conducted more general research on the question, what makes systems work and fail.[4] He collected and analyzed all kinds of examples of systems-failures, and generalized problems and pitfalls into a series of "Laws of Systems".[5]

In 2002 Gall also published a historical novel on Hatshepsut, queen of ancient Egypt in the Eighteenth Dynasty. This interest was arose from a trip John Gall had made to Egypt in 1969.

Systemantics

Main article: Systemantics

In 1975 he published his systems research under the title General systemantics, republished two years later as Systemantics: How Systems Work and Especially How They Fail by Quadrangle, The New York Times Book Company. This work has been translated into Spanish, German, Hebrew, and Japanese.

In 1986 the second edition was published with the title Systemantics: The Underground Text of Systems Lore., which was almost twice the size of the first edition.[6]

In 2002 he published a third edition under the title The Systems Bible. This work inspired many authors in the systems movement, such as scientists as Mario Bunge ( 1979), Paul Watzlawick (1990), Russell L. Ackoff (1999) and systems designers as Ken Orr (1981) and Grady Booch (1991);[7] and many author beyond that scene.

Gall's law

Gall's Law is a rule of thumb for systems design from Gall's book Systemantics: How Systems Really Work and How They Fail. It states:

A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked. A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work. You have to start over with a working simple system. – John Gall (1975, p.71)

This law is essentially an argument in favour of underspecification: it can be used to explain the success of systems like the World Wide Web and Blogosphere, which grew from simple to complex systems incrementally, and the failure of systems like CORBA, which began with complex specifications. Gall's Law has strong affinities to the practice of agile software development.[8]

Although dubbed Gall's Law by some, the phrase is not labeled as such in the original work. The work cites Murphy's Law and the Peter Principle, and is filled with similar sayings.

Although the quote may seem to validate the merits of simple systems, it is preceded by the qualifier "A simple system may or may not work." (p. 70). This philosophy can also be attributed to extreme programming, which encourages doing the simplest thing first and adding features later.

One of the first systems designers to quote Gall's law was Ken Orr in 1981.[9] Notable were the quotations of Gall's Law by Grady Booch since 1991,[10] which were mentioned in multiple sources.[11][12][13]

Systemantics (a change in typography and underlining indicate that the title is better rendered as "SystemANTICS") is a commentary on systems theory and general semantics publications by such thinkers as Ludwig von Bertalanffy and Alfred Korzybski.

Selected books

References

  1. ↑ Sandra L. Bloom, Brian Farragher (2010) Destroying Sanctuary: The Crisis in Human Service Delivery Systems. p.133
  2. ↑ Elizabeth Goodenough, Andrea Immel (2008) Under Fire: Childhood in the Shadow of War. p.233
  3. ↑ John Gall (2007) Higher Level Parenting, About the author on generalsystemantics.com. Retrieved November 22, 2012.
  4. ↑ Production and inventory management. Vol 19–20 (1978). p.47
  5. ↑ Systemantics: background by Bart Stevens. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
  6. ↑ SYSTEMANTICS™ The Underground Text of Systems Lore at generalsystemantics.com, 2001. Retrieved November 22, 2012
  7. ↑ The authors listed have mentioned the book as a reference in their work.
  8. ↑ Russel Winder, Graham Roberts (2006) Developing Java software. p.427
  9. ↑ Ken Orr (1981) Structured requirements definition
  10. ↑ Grady Booch (1991) Object oriented design with applications p.11. and 1994, 1997, 2007, 2009
  11. ↑ Ian Graham (1995) Migrating to object technology. p.144 mentions: "Booch (1994) quotes Gall on this subject: 'A complex system that works ..."
  12. ↑ The C++ report (1999) Vol. 11, p. 57 states: "To emphasize this point, Booch ' quotes Gall2: A complex system that works..."
  13. ↑ Pierre Pezziardi (2006) Une politique pour le système d'information. p.126 states in French: "John Gall en 2006 repris en 1994 par Grady Booch – un des pères de l'objet – indiquaient : « A complex system that works...

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to: John Gall
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 12/2/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.