Kawanishi E7K

E7K
Role	reconnaissance floatplane
Manufacturer	Kawanishi Aircraft Company
First flight	6 February 1933
Introduction	1935
Retired	1943
Primary user	IJN Air Service
Number built	533

The Kawanishi E7K was a Japanese 1930s three-seat reconnaissance floatplane. It was allocated the reporting name Alf by the Allies of World War II.

Design and development

In 1932 the Imperial Japanese Navy requested the Kawanishi Aircraft Company to produce a replacement for the company's Kawanishi E5K. The resulting design, designated the Kawanishi E7K1, was an equal span biplane powered by a 462 kW (620 hp) Hiro Type 91 W-12 liquid-cooled inline engine. The first aircraft flew on 6 February 1933 and was handed over to the navy for trials three months later. It was flown in competition with the Aichi AB-6 which was designed to meet the same 7-Shi requirement.^[1] The E7K1 was ordered into production as the Navy Type 94 Reconnaissance Seaplane (九四式水上偵察機) and entered service in early 1935. It became a popular aircraft, but was hindered by the unreliability of the Hiro engine. Later production E7K1s were fitted with a more powerful version of the Hiro 91, but this did not improve the reliability. In 1938 Kawanishi developed an improved E7K2 with a Mitsubishi Zuisei 11 radial engine, it first flew in August 1938 and was ordered by the Navy as the Navy Type 94 Reconnaissance Seaplane Model 2. The earlier E7K1 was renamed to Navy Type 94 Reconnaissance Seaplane Model 1.

Operational history

E7K2 ready for launch aboard cruiser Abukuma, 1941.

The type was used extensively by the Japanese Navy from 1938 until the beginning of the Pacific War, when E7K1 were relegated to second-line duties. The E7K2 continued in front-line service until 1943 and both versions were used in Kamikaze operations in the closing stages of the war.

Variants

E7K1

Production version with a Hiro Type 91 520 hp water-cooled W-12 engine, 183 built (including 57 built by Nippon Hikoki K.K.)

E7K2

Re-engined version with a Mitsubishi Zuisei 11 radial engine, about 350 built (including 60 built by Nippon Hikoki K.K.)

Operators

 Japan

• Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service

Specifications (E7K2)

Data from Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War^[2][3]

General characteristics

• Crew: 3
• Length: 10.50 m (34 ft 5½ in)
• Wingspan: 14.00 m (45 ft 11¼ in)
• Height: 4.85 m (15ft 10½ in)
• Wing area: 43.60 m² (469.305 ft²)
• Empty weight: 2100 kg (4,630 lb)
• Loaded weight: 3300 kg (7,275 lb)
• Powerplant: 1 × Mitsubishi Zuisei 11 14 cylinder radial engine, 649 kW (870 hp)

Performance

• Maximum speed: 275 km/h (171 mph)
• Cruise speed: 100 kt at 1000 m (115 mph at 3,280 ft)
• Service ceiling: 7,060 m (23,165 ft)
• Wing loading: 75.7 kg/m² (15.5 lb/ft²)

Armament

• Guns: 1× fixed Type 97 (Vickers) and 2× trainable 7.7mm (0.303in) Type 92 machine guns (Lewis gun), one dorsal, one ventral
• Bombs: 120 kg (265 lb) of bombs

See also

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

• Aichi AB-6

Related lists

• List of aircraft of World War II
• List of military aircraft of Japan
• List of seaplanes and flying boats

References

Notes

1. Green 1962, p. 121.
2. Francillon 1979, p. 300.
3. Green 1962, p. 123.

Bibliography

• Francillon, Ph.D., Réne J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970 (2nd edition 1979). ISBN 0-370-30251-6.
• Green, William. War Planes of the Second World War: Volume Six, Floatplanes. London: Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 1962.
• Unknown Author. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985). Orbis Publishing, 1982-1985.