Khalifah bin Said of Zanzibar

Khalifa I bin Said of Zanzibar

Sheikh Khalifa I bin Said Al-Busaid, GCMG, (or Chalîfe) (1852 – February 13, 1890) (Arabic: خليفة بن سعيد البوسعيد‎‎) was the third Sultan of Zanzibar. He ruled Zanzibar from March 26, 1888 to February 13, 1890 and was succeeded by his brother, Ali bin Said.

Life

In 1870 his elder brother and predecessor Barghash bin Said had him imprisoned for the (alleged) entanglement in a coup attempt. According to their sister Emily Ruete, Barghash did not release Khalifah before one of their sisters prepared to set out for a pilgrimage for Mecca, and "he did not want to bring down upon himself a curse pronounced in the Holy City of the Prophet. But his sister did not pardon him before he had set free the innocent Chalîfe."

"It is a well-known fact in Zanzibar that Barghash, as soon as he had ascended the throne in 1870, suddenly and without any cause cast our second youngest brother Chalîfe into prison. The poor fellow had to languish there for three long years in the dungeon, in heavy iron fetters weighed with chains! And why? No one could say. It may have been feared that Chalîfe, being next in succession to the throne, might plot the same treacherous plans as Barghash himself had once tried against Madjid." ^[1]

According to Ruete, Barghash continued to spy on Khalifah and his friends. She notes one instance where Barghash apparently willfully ruined a wealthy chief and friend of Khalifah, so that Khalifah would be deprived of support from rich chiefs. He became Sultan upon the sudden death of his brother during the protracted negotiations with the German East Africa Company. Unlike his brother, he gave in to lease the Tanganyika coast of mainland East Africa to the Germans, which immediately led to the Abushiri Revolt.

Sheikh Khalifa I was appointed an Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the United Kingdom's Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George on 18 December 1889.^[2]

Titles

• 1852 – March 26, 1888: Sheikh Khalifa I bin Said
• March 26 – June 13, 1888: His Highness Sultan Sheikh Khalifa I bin Said, Sultan of Zanzibar
• June 13, 1888 – 1890: His Highness Sultan Sheikh Sir Khalifa I bin Said, Sultan of Zanzibar, GCMG^[3]

Honours

• Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG)-1888^[4]

Footnotes

1. Emily Ruete, Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar, p. 398 (1886).
2. London Gazette issue 260004, 20 December 1889
3. Zanzibar
4. Zanzibar

References

• Ruete, Emily, Ulrich Haarmann (Editor), E. Van Donzel (Editor), Leiden, Netherlands, (1992): An Arabian Princess Between Two Worlds: Memoirs, Letters Home, Sequels to the Memoirs, Syrian Customs and Usages. ISBN 90-04-09615-9